Gahnia

Gahnia (sawsedge, saw-sedge) is a genus of sedges native to China, Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Australia, New Zealand and a number of Pacific Islands.[1][2][3][4] The common name is due to the toothed margins.[4] It often forms tussocks.

Gahnia
Gahnia gahniiformis
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Cyperaceae
Genus: Gahnia
J.R. & G.Forst
Synonyms[1]
  • Lampocarya R.Br.
  • Epiandria C.Presl
  • Didymonema C.Presl
  • Melachne Schrad. ex Schult. & Schult.f. in J.J.Roemer & J.A.Schultes
  • Psittacoschoenus Nees in J.G.C.Lehmann

Species

Accepted species:[1]

  • Gahnia ancistrophylla Benth. – Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria
  • Gahnia aristata Benth. – Western Australia
  • Gahnia aspera (R.Br.) Spreng. – Maluku, New Guinea, Queensland, New South Wales, Melanesia, Bonin Islands, Hawaii
  • Gahnia australis (Nees) K.L.Wilson – Western Australia
  • Gahnia baniensis Benl. – Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Vietnam, Borneo, Malaysia, Sumatra
  • Gahnia beecheyi H.Mann – forest sawsedge – Hawaii
  • Gahnia clarkei Benl – New Guinea, New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria
  • Gahnia decomposita (R.Br.) Benth. – Western Australia
  • Gahnia deusta (R.Br.) Benth. – Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria
  • Gahnia drummondii (Steud.) K.L.Wilson – Western Australia
  • Gahnia erythrocarpa R.Br. – New South Wales
  • Gahnia filifolia (C.Presl) Kük. ex Benl – New South Wales
  • Gahnia filum (Labill.) F.Muell.— chaffy sawsedge – Australia, all states except Queensland[5]
  • Gahnia graminifolia Rodway – Tasmania
  • Gahnia grandis (Labill.) S.T.Blake – Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria
  • Gahnia halmaturina R.L.Barrett & K.L.Wilson – South Australia
  • Gahnia howeana R.O.Gardner – Lord Howe Island
  • Gahnia hystrix J.M.Black – Kangaroo Island
  • Gahnia insignis S.T.Blake – Queensland, New South Wales
  • Gahnia javanica Moritzi – Yunnan, Vietnam, Malaysia, Borneo, Java, Sumatra, Sulawesi, Philippines, New Guinea, Solomon Islands
  • Gahnia lacera (R.Lesson ex A.Rich.) Steud. – Cutty grass – New Zealand North Island
  • Gahnia lanaiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & J.Kern -- Lanaʻi sawsedge – Lanaʻi Island of Hawai'i
  • Gahnia lanigera (R.Br.) Benth. – Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria, New South Wales
  • Gahnia marquisensis F.Br. – Marquesas
  • Gahnia melanocarpa R.Br. – Black-fruit saw-sedge – Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria
  • Gahnia microcarpa Guillaumin – New Caledonia
  • Gahnia microstachya Benth. – Victoria, New South Wales, Tasmania
  • Gahnia novocaledonensis Benl – New Caledonia
  • Gahnia pauciflora Kirk – Cutting sedge – New Zealand North and South Islands
  • Gahnia procera J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. – Mountain sedge – New Zealand North and South Islands
  • Gahnia radula (R.Br.) Benth. – Thatch saw-sedge – Victoria, New South Wales, Tasmania, South Australia
  • Gahnia rigida Kirk – New Zealand North and South Islands
  • Gahnia schoenoides G.Forst. – Society Islands
  • Gahnia sclerioides K.L.Wilson – Western Australia
  • Gahnia setifolia Hook.f. – Māpere, razor sedge – New Zealand North and South Islands
  • Gahnia sieberiana Kunth – Red-fruited saw sedge – Australia, New Guinea, Sulawesi, Solomon Islands, New Caledonia
  • Gahnia sinuosa J.Raynal – New Caledonia
  • Gahnia subaequiglumis S.T.Blake – Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria
  • Gahnia trifida Labill. – Coast saw-sedge – Victoria, South Australia, Tasmania, Western Australia[6]
  • Gahnia tristis Nees in W.J.Hooker & G.A.W.Arnott – China, Ryukyu Islands, Thailand, Vietnam, Borneo, Malaysia, Sumatra
  • Gahnia vitiensis Rendle -- Fijian sawsedge – Fiji, Hawaii
  • Gahnia xanthocarpa (Hook.f.) Hook.f. – Māpere, gahnia – New Zealand North and South Islands

Conservation

The species Gahnia lanaiensis has been known as a rare endemic plant from the Hawaiian island of Lanai and it was federally listed as an endangered species of the United States. In 2010, however, research suggested that the Lanai plants are actually Gahnia lacera introduced from New Zealand in the early 20th century.[7]

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References
  1. Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  2. Flora of China, Vol. 23 Page 257, 黑莎草属 hei suo cao shu, Gahnia J. R. Forster & G. Forster, Char. Gen. Pl. 26. 1775.
  3. Govaerts, R. & Simpson, D.A. (2007). World Checklist of Cyperaceae. Sedges: 1-765. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  4. Darke, Rick (2007). The Encyclopedia of Grasses for Livable Landscapes. Timber Press. p. 484. ISBN 978-0-88192-817-4.
  5. "Cherry Lake and Truganina Swamp" (PDF). Infostream. Melbourne Water. November 2000. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-07-22. Retrieved 2008-04-02.
  6. "Gahnia trifida Labill". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
  7. Koyama, T. (2010). On the identity of Gahnia lanaiensis O. Deg., I. Deg. & J. Kern (Cyperaceae) of Hawai‘i. Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 2008 Evenhuis, N. L. and L. G. Eldredge, Eds. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 107: 29–32.
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