Santo Stefano Island

Santo Stefano (Italian: Isola di Santo Stefano) is an island in the Tyrrhenian Sea off the west coast of Italy, and part of the Pontine Islands. It has a circular shape, is less than 400 metres (1,300 feet) in diameter, and is located 2 kilometres (1.2 miles) east from the nearby island of Ventotene.

This article is about the island in the Tyrrhenian Sea. For the island in the Strait of Bonifacio, see Santo Stefano (island).
Santo Stefano and the Pontine Islands
View of the abandoned jail of Santo Stefano.

Overview

Like the rest of the archipelago, the island was created by volcanic activity.

It is dominated by an old prison built by the Bourbons, completed in 1797 and in use until 1965. It has 99 cells 4.50 by 4.20 metres (14.8 by 13.8 ft) around a central watchtower. Built for 600 inmates, it had 800 in 1817 (and 400 on Ventotene). People imprisoned included Carmine Crocco, the most important brigand during the Italian unification, and the anarchist Gaetano Bresci, who killed King Umberto I in 1900. He was imprisoned there for a year before being found hanged in his cell. During the Fascist regime, other prisoners were the future President of Italy Sandro Pertini, Umberto Terracini, Giorgio Amendola, Lelio Basso, Mauro Scoccimarro, Giuseppe Romita, Altiero Spinelli and Ernesto Rossi.

In October 1860, part of the Bourbon troops left the island for the siege of Gaeta. During a revolt, some Camorra prisoners proclaimed the Republic of Santo Stefano. The prisoners legislated a statute and remained autonomous until January 1861, when a Navy contingent recovered the island.

The island has been uninhabited since the closure of the prison, except for tourists that visit by boat during the day.

The island has had several names, such as Partenope, Palmosa, Dommo Stephane and Borca since Roman times.

The island was put up for sale in 2012 for the price of €20,000,000.[1] This did not include the prison.

Wildlife

This island once harbored an endemic lizard, the Santo Stefano Lizard (Podarcis sicula sanctistephani). It became extinct in 1965, probably due to feral cats and a snake species.[2]

gollark: Well, looks like I failed the Turing test, oh well.
gollark: Just use CC/plethora flight, honestly.
gollark: I believe that Mattie's excellent quote can teach us all al ot about ourselves.
gollark: Do we not allcrash when we go to jojo, really, in a metaphysical sense?
gollark: <@!97322576577064960> I need my buckets back now.

See also

References
  1. rightmove.co.uk
  2. David Day, 1981, The Doomsday Book of Animals, Ebury Press, London.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.