Sand Creek Massacre National Historic Site

Sand Creek Massacre National Historic Site is a National Historic Site in Kiowa County, Colorado, near Eads and Chivington in Kiowa County commemorating the Sand Creek Massacre that occurred here on November 29, 1864. The site is about 170 miles (270 km) southeast of Denver and about 125 miles (200 km) east of Pueblo. A few basic park facilities have been opened at this site.

Entrance sign for Sand Creek Massacre NHS
Sand Creek Massacre National Historic Site
The site, July 1985
LocationKiowa County, Colorado, United States
Nearest cityEads, CO
Coordinates38°32′27″N 102°31′43″W
Area12,583 acres (5,092 ha)[1]
EstablishedApril 27, 2007 (2007-April-27)
Visitors1,229,590 (in 2011)[2]
Governing bodyNational Park Service
WebsiteSand Creek Massacre National Historic Site

In 1999, archaeological teams from the National Park Service, Dept. of the Interior BLM, Colorado Historical Society and accompanied by Native American observers, made a major archaeological discovery of remains of the massacre site. Large numbers of period bullets, camp equipment, and other items convinced the NPS that they had found the correct site. Subsequent transfers of ownership from the Dawson family, former owners of the property have left the title of the site to the Cheyenne and Arapaho tribes with management to be undertaken by NPS. The National Park Service offers scheduled Ranger-led programs without charge during hours of operation, from 9 am – 4 pm, April 1 – December 1, or by advance appointment in the winter season.

Sand Creek massacre site

The Historical Site was authorized by Public Law 106-465 on November 7, 2000, in order to "recognize the national significance of the massacre in American history, and its ongoing significance to the Cheyenne and Arapaho people and the descendants of the massacre victims." The law authorized establishment of the site once the National Park Service acquired sufficient land from willing sellers to preserve, commemorate, and interpret the massacre. The site near the junction of County Road 54 and County Road "W" was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on September 28, 2001. On August 2, 2005, President George W. Bush gave final approval for the site. On April 23, 2007 it was announced that site would become America's 391st official park unit[3] with an effective date of April 27, 2007.[4] The dedication ceremony was held on April 28, 2007.[5]

Currently the Site encompasses 12,583 acres (5,092 ha) of which 2,385 acres (965 ha) are federally owned.[1] By 2004 the federal government acquired 920 acres (3.7 km2) from private land owners. On September 9, 2006 the Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes of Oklahoma conveyed to the United States title to 1,465 acres (6 km2) to be held in trust for the National Historic Site.[4] The site includes 640 acres acquired and preserved by the American Battlefield Trust and its partners.[6]

The site contains a small visitor's center, interpretive plaques and signage, monuments located on a hilltop overlooking the massacre site, and two walking trails.[7] The massacre site itself is off-limits to visitors.

References
  1. "Listing of acreage as of December 31, 2011". Land Resource Division, National Park Service. Retrieved 2012-03-19.
  2. "NPS Annual Recreation Visits Report". National Park Service. Retrieved 2012-03-19.
  3. U.S. Dept. of Interior. "Secretary Kempthorne Creates Sand Creek Massacre National Historic Site". Retrieved May 2, 2007.
  4. Dirk Kempthorne (Federal Register Volume 72, Number 81, pp. 21048-21049). "Notice of Establishment of the Sand Creek Massacre National Historic Site". Archived from the original on May 9, 2012. Retrieved May 2, 2007.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. National Park Service. "Sand Creek Massacre NHS Dedication, Schedule of Events" (PDF). Retrieved May 2, 2007.
  6. Land Saved by the American Battlefield Trust, accessed May 18, 2018.
  7. Sand Creek Massacre Site Pamphlet. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. 2017.

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