Samson of Chinon

Samson ben Isaac of Chinon (c. 1260 – c. 1330) (Hebrew: שמשון מקינון) was a French Talmudist who lived at Chinon. In Talmudic literature he is generally called after his native place, Chinon (Hebr. קינון), and sometimes by the abbreviation MaHaRShaḲ. He was a contemporary of Peretz Kohen Gerondi, who declared Samson to be the greatest rabbinical authority of his time.[1]

Works
Rabbinical eras

Samson was the author of the following works:

  • Sefer Keritut (Constantinople, 1515), a methodology of the Talmud divided into five parts:
    • Bet Middot, treating of the thirteen rules of R. Ishmael
    • Bet ha-Miḳdash, on the rules for deductions by analogy and conclusions a fortiori
    • Netibot 'Olam, containing explanations of the 32 rules of R. Eliezer ben Jose ha-Gelili
    • Yemot 'Olam, giving the names of the Tannaim and Amoraim, and setting forth a method for deciding between the contrary opinions of two doctors
    • Leshon Limmudim, explanations of certain halakic decisions.

The "Sefer Keritut," owing to its easy style and its author's great authority, became a classic.

  • Ḳonṭres, a commentary on the Talmudic treatises Erubin and Abodah Zarah; mentioned in the Sefer Keritut.
  • Bi'ur ha-Geṭ (Vienna MS. No. 48), on the laws concerning divorce.

Samson wrote also responsa, several of which are quoted by Joseph Colon[2] and Solomon ben Adret.[3] According to Gross, Samson was the author of the supercommentary on Ibn Ezra's commentary on the Pentateuch found by Judah Mosconi at Perpignan between 1363 and 1375 (Halberstam MS.). As regards the word (ממרשילאה = "of Marseilles"), which appears in the manuscript after the name Samson of Chinon, Gross believes that Samson settled at Marseilles after the banishment of the Jews from France.

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gollark: I mean, natural ones yes, artificially designed ones I'm fine with. Although any sufficiently short one is probably going to turn up in some organism somewhere through sheer chance, even if it's not doing the same thing.
gollark: I think intellectual property definitely needs reduction. Copyright lasts waaaaay too long, patent weirdness basically stopped 3D printer development for ages, and trademarking-or-whatever "sky" is ridiculous. Also, you can patent some software stuff you probably shouldn't be able to.
gollark: In the UK, though, the situation is mostly that there are various different "ISPs", but they mostly use Openreach's network, which is sort of spun off from BT but not really. Although there are also cable-based ISPs (or, well, at least one?) and in big cities tons of high-speed fibre ones.
gollark: And sometimes cities and such are legally blocked somehow from running their own ISPs.

References
  1. As reported by Isaac ben Sheshet, Responsa, No. 157
  2. Responsa, No. 187
  3. Responsa, 3:1; 4:152

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Wilhelm Bacher and Isaac Broydé (1901–1906). "Samson of Chinon". In Singer, Isidore; et al. (eds.). The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link) It has the following bibliography:

  • Azulai, Shem ha-Gedolim, i. 182;
  • Leopold Zunz, Z. G. p. 44;
  • S.D. Luzzatto, Halikot Kedem, p. 46;
  • Halberstam, in Jeshurun, 1866, pp. 167–168; Magazin, iii. 47;
  • Ernest Renan-Adolf Neubauer, Les Rabbins Français, p. 461;
  • Henri Gross, Gallia Judaica, pp. 581 et seq.
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