Rivia
The Rivia (Hebrew: רְבִיעַ, also sometimes called Rivi'i, with other variant English spellings) is a cantillation mark commonly found in the Torah, Haftarah, and other biblical texts. Rivia meaning - Blessing, 'Gift of God'.
| Rivia | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||
| cantillation | |||||||
| Sof passuk | ׃ | paseq | ׀ | ||||
| etnachta | ֑ | segol | ֒ | ||||
| shalshelet | ֓ | zaqef qatan | ֔ | ||||
| zaqef gadol | ֕ | tifcha | ֖ | ||||
| rivia | ֗ | zarqa | ֘ | ||||
| pashta | ֙ | yetiv | ֚ | ||||
| tevir | ֛ | geresh | ֜ | ||||
| geresh muqdam | ֝ | gershayim | ֞ | ||||
| qarney para | ֟ | telisha gedola | ֠ | ||||
| pazer | ֡ | atnah hafukh | ֢ | ||||
| munach | ֣ | mahapakh | ֤ | ||||
| merkha | ֥ | merkha kefula | ֦ | ||||
| darga | ֧ | qadma | ֨ | ||||
| telisha qetana | ֩ | yerah ben yomo | ֪ | ||||
| ole | ֫ | illuy | ֬ | ||||
| dehi | ֭ | zinor | ֮ | ||||
Rivia is considered to have medium strength. It is stronger than a Pashta or Tevir, but weaker than a Zakef or Tipcha.[1]
The Rivia can occur either by itself, or following one or two Munachs. When there are two Munachs prior to a Rivia, the first Munach has a long melody, and the second one is short. When there is one Munach, it is short.
The Hebrew word רְבִ֗יע means fourth. It is therefore represented by a diamond-shaped mark.[2]
Total occurrences
| Book | Number of appearances |
|---|---|
| Torah | 2430[3] |
| Genesis | 610[3] |
| Exodus | 504[3] |
| Leviticus | 312[3] |
| Numbers | 497[3] |
| Deuteronomy | 507[3] |
| Nevi'im | 2239[4] |
| Ketuvim | 1672[4] |
Melody
The Rivia is read in a slow, downward tone, with a pause in the middle breaking upward.
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References
- Chanting the Hebrew Bible By Joshua R. Jacobson, page 102
- The Art of Cantillation, Volume 2: A Step-By-Step Guide to Chanting Haftarot ... By Marshall Portnoy, Josée Wolff, page 43
- Concordance of the Hebrew accents in the Hebrew Bible: Concordance ..., Volume 1 By James D. Price, page 6
- Concordance of the Hebrew accents in the Hebrew Bible: Concordance ..., Volume 1 By James D. Price, page 5
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