Richard Bourke, 6th Earl of Mayo

The Earl of Mayo
The Right Honourable; The Earl of Mayo; KP GCSI PC
Viceroy and Governor-General of India
	In office; 12 January 1869 – 8 February 1872
Monarch	Victoria
Preceded by	Sir John Lawrence, Bt
Succeeded by	Sir John Strachey (acting)
Personal details
Born	21 February 1822; Dublin, Ireland
Died	8 February 1872 (aged 49); Port Blair, Andaman Islands, India
Nationality	Irish
Political party	Conservative
Spouse(s)	Hon. Blanche Wyndham ; (d. 1918)
Alma mater	Trinity College, Dublin

Richard Southwell Bourke, 6th Earl of Mayo, KP, GCSI, PC (21 February 1822 – 8 February 1872), styled Lord Naas between 1842 and 1867, called Lord Mayo in India, was a statesman, Viceroy of India and prominent member of the British Conservative Party from Dublin, Ireland.

Background and education

Mayo was born in Dublin, the eldest son of Robert Bourke, 5th Earl of Mayo, and his wife, Anne Charlotte, daughter of the Hon. John Jocelyn. His younger brother the Hon. Robert Bourke was also a successful politician. He was educated at Trinity College, Dublin.[1]

Political career

After travelling in Russia, Mayo entered parliament for Kildare in 1847, a seat he held until 1852, and then represented Coleraine from 1852 to 1857 and Cockermouth from 1857 to 1868. He was thrice appointed Chief Secretary for Ireland – in 1852, 1858 and 1866 – and in 1869 he became the fourth Viceroy of India where he was locally often referred to as "Lord Mayo". He consolidated the frontiers of India and reorganised the country's finances; he also did much to promote irrigation, railways, forests and other useful public works. To solve local problems he established local boards. During his tenure first census took place in 1872. The European-oriented Mayo College at Ajmer was founded by him for the education of young Indian chiefs, with £70,000 being subscribed by the chiefs themselves. Bourke, Richard Southwell (DNB00) – via Wikisource.

Assassination

While visiting the convict settlement at Port Blair in the Andaman Islands in 1872 for the purpose of inspection, he was assassinated by Sher Ali Afridi, an Afridi Pathan convict who used a knife. Mayo's body was brought home to Ireland and buried at the medieval ruined church in Johnstown, County Kildare, near his home at Palmerstown House. Afridi was hanged on March 11, 1872.[2]

In 1873, the newly discovered swallowtail butterfly Papilio mayo from the Andaman Islands was named in his honour.[3] The traditional Irish march "Lord Mayo" (Tiagharna Mhaighe-eo) was named after him; according to tradition, it was composed by his harper David Murphy to appease Mayo after Murphy angered him.[4]

Memorial statues

Statue in Cockermouth, Cumbria

Statue of Lord Mayo in the town of Cockermouth

On 19 August 1875 a statue of Lord Mayo was unveiled in the town of Cockermouth in the centre of the main street. The 800-guinea cost of the statue (made by Messrs. Willis of London) had been raised by public subscription. The unveiling was attended by Mayo's son, the 7th Earl; Lord Napier and Ettrick; the Bishop of Carlisle Harvey Goodwin: and the Earl of Lonsdale. The statue, carved in Sicilian marble, depicts Lord Mayo in his viceregal garb, and still stands today.

Statue unearthed from Jaipur, India

In 2007, a statue of Lord Mayo was unearthed in Jaipur, India, after being buried for six decades. This statue had earlier been installed in the premises of Mayo Hospital, currently known as the Mahilya Chikatsalya, Jaipur. The 9-foot-tall (2.7 m) cast-iron statue, weighing around 3 tons, was ordered sculpted by the Maharaja Ram Singh ji of Jaipur, as a tribute to Lord Mayo after his assassination. The sculptors were J. Forsyth and R. Monti. The company's name as inscribed on the statue was R. Masefield & Co., London. To prevent it from vandalism, this statue was buried in the premises of the Albert Hall Museum of Jaipur at the time of the independence of India. After six decades, this statue was unearthed by the Jaipur Mayo Alumni Chapter on 29 May 2007 from the premises of the Albert Hall Museum in Jaipur and sent to Mayo College, in Ajmer, India, where it is installed now.[5] Mayo College in Ajmer already had a full life-size statue of Lord Mayo sculpted in white marble installed in front of its famous main building since inception and a marble sculpted bust of him in its school museum.

Family

Lord Mayo married Blanche Julia, daughter of George Wyndham, 1st Baron Leconfield, in 1848. He was succeeded in the earldom by his eldest son, Dermot. Lady Mayo died in 1918.

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gollark: It isn't zero sum so that's wrong.

gollark: And 3000 good ones.

gollark: I share all my important things, such as my dataset of 5500 bad memes.

gollark: It was bad and wrong.

Notes

W. W. Hunter (1 February 2006). The Life of the Earl of Mayo – Fourth Viceroy of India. Read Books. ISBN 978-1-84664-774-1.
1872: Sher Ali Afridi, assassin of the viceroy
Atkinson, W.S. (1873). "Descriptions of two new species of butterflies from the Andaman Islands". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London: 736.
S.J. Adair Fitzgerald (1898). Stories of Famous Songs. John C. Nimmo. p. 380.
Annual Register Two statues of Lord Mayo have also been placed in Mayo College, Ajmer – One outside its main building and the other outside its museum. pp. 74–75.

References

"Bourke, Richard Southwell". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/2998. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Annual Register: A Review of Public Events at Home and Abroad for the Year 1875. London: Rivingtons.
Kidd, Charles, Williamson, David (editors). Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage (1990 edition). New York: St Martin's Press, 1990,
Lundy, Darryl. "FAQ". The Peerage.
Encyclopædia Britannica Article on Richard Southwell Bourke, 6th earl of Mayo
Obituary & Photo at the Mayo College, Ajmer, India website

External links

Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by the Earl of Mayo
The assassination of Lord Mayo: The 'first' jihad?

Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by Richard More O'Ferrall Robert Archbold	Member of Parliament for Kildare 1847 – March 1852 With: Marquess of Kildare	Succeeded by Willian Cogan Marquess of Kildare
Preceded by John Boyd	Member of Parliament for Coleraine 1852–1857	Succeeded by John Boyd
Preceded by Henry Wyndham John Steel	Member of Parliament for Cockermouth 1857–1868 With: John Steel to April 1868 Andrew Green Thompson from April 1868	Succeeded by Isaac Fletcher
Political offices
Preceded by Sir William Somerville, Bt	Chief Secretary for Ireland 1852	Succeeded by Sir John Young, Bt
Preceded by Henry Arthur Herbert	Chief Secretary for Ireland 1858–1859	Succeeded by Edward Cardwell
Preceded by Chichester Parkinson-Fortescue	Chief Secretary for Ireland 1866–1868	Succeeded by John Wilson-Patten
Government offices
Preceded by Sir John Lawrence, Bt	Viceroy of India 1869–1872	Succeeded by Sir John Strachey (acting)
Peerage of Ireland
Preceded by Robert Bourke	Earl of Mayo 1867–1872	Succeeded by Dermot Bourke

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[Hunter2006-1] W. W. Hunter (1 February 2006). The Life of the Earl of Mayo – Fourth Viceroy of India. Read Books. ISBN 978-1-84664-774-1.

[2] 1872: Sher Ali Afridi, assassin of the viceroy

[3] Atkinson, W.S. (1873). "Descriptions of two new species of butterflies from the Andaman Islands". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London: 736.

[4] S.J. Adair Fitzgerald (1898). Stories of Famous Songs. John C. Nimmo. p. 380.

[5] Annual Register Two statues of Lord Mayo have also been placed in Mayo College, Ajmer – One outside its main building and the other outside its museum. pp. 74–75.

Viceroys of India
East India Company (1773–1858)	Warren Hastings (1774–85) Sir John MacPherson (1785–86) The Earl Cornwallis (1786–93) The Lord Teignmouth (1793–98) Sir Alured Clarke (1798) The Marquess Wellesley (1798–1805) The Marquess Cornwallis (1805) Sir George Barlow, Bt (1805–07) The Earl of Minto (1807–13) The Marquess of Hastings (1813–23) John Adam (1823) The Earl Amherst (1823–28) William Butterworth Bayley (1828) Lord William Bentinck (1828–35) Sir Charles Metcalfe (1835–36) The Earl of Auckland (1836–42) The Earl of Ellenborough (1842–44) William Wilberforce Bird (1844) The Viscount Hardinge (1844–48) The Marquess of Dalhousie (1848–56) The Viscount Canning (1856–58)
British Government¹ (1858–1947)	The Earl Canning (1858–62) The Earl of Elgin (1862–63) The Lord Napier of Magdala (1863) Sir William Denison (1863–64) The Lord Lawrence (1864–69) The Earl of Mayo (1869–72) Sir John Strachey (1872) The Lord Napier (1872) The Earl of Northbrook (1872–76) The Earl of Lytton (1876–80) Marquess of Ripon (1880–84) The Marquess of Dufferin and Ava (1884–88) The Marquess of Lansdowne (1888–94) The Earl of Elgin (1894–99) The Lord Curzon of Kedleston (1899–1905) The Earl of Minto (1905–10) The Lord Hardinge of Penshurst (1910–16) The Lord Chelmsford (1916–21) The Earl of Reading (1921–26) The Lord Irwin (1926–31) The Earl of Willingdon (1931–36) The Marquess of Linlithgow (1936–43) The Viscount Wavell (1943–47) The Viscount Mountbatten of Burma (1947)
Governors General after Indian independence²	The Earl Mountbatten of Burma (1947–48) Chakravarthi Rajagopalachari (1948–50)
Governors General after Pakistani independence³	Muhammad Ali Jinnah (1947–48) Sir Khawaja Nazimuddin (1948–51) Ghulam Muhammad (1951–55) Iskander Mirza (1955–56)
¹ Following the 1857 Sepoy Mutiny. ² As representatives of George VI in his role as King of India (1947–50). ³ As representatives of George VI and then Elizabeth II in their roles as King and Queen of Pakistan, respectively.