Snub-nosed monkey

Snub-nosed monkeys are a group of Old World monkeys and make up the entirety of the genus Rhinopithecus. The genus is rare and needs much more research. Some taxonomists group snub-nosed monkeys together with the genus Pygathrix.

Snub-nosed monkeys
Golden snub-nosed monkey
(Rhinopithecus roxellana)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Suborder: Haplorhini
Infraorder: Simiiformes
Family: Cercopithecidae
Subfamily: Colobinae
Genus: Rhinopithecus
Milne-Edwards, 1872
Type species
Semnopithecus roxellana
Species

Rhinopithecus roxellana
Rhinopithecus bieti
Rhinopithecus brelichi
Rhinopithecus avunculus
Rhinopithecus strykeri

Snub-nosed monkeys live in Asia, with a range covering southern China (especially Tibet, Sichuan, Yunnan, and Guizhou) as well as the northern parts of Myanmar.

These monkeys get their name from the short stump of a nose on their round faces, with nostrils arranged forward. They have relatively multicolored and long fur, particularly at the shoulders and backs. They grow to a length of 51 to 83 cm with a tail of 55 to 97 cm.

Snub-nosed monkeys inhabit mountain forests up to elevations of more than 4,000 m. In the winter they move into the deeply secluded regions. Higher elevation areas are more remote and difficult for humans to access and utilize and other studies have found less deforestation, more reforestation and afforestation, less range contraction, and less extinction in topographically steep areas.[1] All Rhinopithecus species inhabit primary forest and grid cells with tree cover ≥ 75% might constitute important potential habitat.[1] They spend the majority of their life in the trees. They live together in very large groups of up to 600 members, splitting up into smaller groups in times of food-scarcity, such as in the winter. Groups consist of many more males than females. They have territorial instincts, defending their territory mostly with shouts. They have a large vocal repertoire, calling sometimes solo while at other times together in choir-like fashion.

The diet of these animals consists mainly of tree needles, bamboo buds, fruits and leaves. A multi-chambered stomach helps them with digesting their food.

The impulse for mating starts with the female. She takes up eye contact with the male and runs away a short bit, then flashes her genitals. If the male shows interest (which does not always occur), he joins the female and they mate. The 200-day gestation period ends with a single birth in late spring or early summer. Young animals become fully mature in about six to seven years. Zoologists know little about their lifespan.

Species
  • Genus Rhinopithecus [2]
    • Golden snub-nosed monkey, Rhinopithecus roxellana
      • Moupin golden snub-nosed monkey, Rhinopithecus roxellana roxellana
      • Qinling golden snub-nosed monkey, Rhinopithecus roxellana qinlingensis
      • Hubei golden snub-nosed monkey, Rhinopithecus roxellana hubeiensis
    • Yunnan snub-nosed monkey, Rhinopithecus bieti
    • Guizhou snub-nosed monkey, Rhinopithecus brelichi
    • Tonkin snub-nosed monkey, Rhinopithecus avunculus
    • Myanmar or black snub-nosed monkey, Rhinopithecus strykeri.[3]
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See also

References
  1. Nüchel, Jonas; Bøcher, Peder Klith; Xiao, Wen; Zhu, A-Xing; Svenning, Jens-Christian (2018-01-23). "Snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus): potential distribution and its implication for conservation". Biodiversity and Conservation. 27 (6): 1517–1538. doi:10.1007/s10531-018-1507-0. ISSN 0960-3115.
  2. Groves, C. P. (2005). "GENUS Rhinopithecus". In Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 173–174. ISBN 0-801-88221-4. OCLC 62265494.
  3. Geissmann, T; Lwin, G; Aung, S; Naing Aung, T; Aung, Z M; Hla; Grindley, M.; Momberg, F. (2010). "A new species of Snub-nosed monkey, Genus Rhinopithecus Milne-Edwards, 1872 (Primates, Colobianae), From Northern Kachin State, Northeastern Myanmar". American Journal of Primatology. 73 (1): 96–107. doi:10.1002/ajp.20894. PMID 20981682.
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