Haplogroup R-M167

In human genetics, Haplogroup R-M167 (R1b1a1a2a1a2a1b1a1) is a Y-chromosome haplogroup which is a subdivision of Haplogroup R-DF27 and the wider haplogroup R-M269 (more specifically, its subclade R-) defined by the presence of the marker M167 (also known as SRY2627).[2]

Haplogroup R-M167
Possible time of origin	1,650 to 3,450 or 1,000 to 2,650 years BP[1]
Possible place of origin	Pyrenees
Ancestor	R-M269, P312, DF27, S228, Z262[2]
Defining mutations	M167/SRY2627
Highest frequencies	Catalans

It arose comparatively recently, after the beginning of the European Bronze Age, and is mostly prevalent in the population of the Pyrenees region.

Distribution

The first author to test for this marker (long before current haplogroup nomenclature existed) was Hurles in 1999, who tested 1158 men in various populations.[1] He found it relatively common among Basques (13/117: 11%) and Catalans (7/32: 22%). Other occurrences were found among other Spanish, Béarnais, other French, British and Germans.

In 2000 Rosser et al., in a study which tested 3616 men in various populations[3] also tested for that same marker, naming the haplogroup Hg22, and again it was found mainly among Basques (19%), in lower frequencies among French (5%), Bavarians (3%), Spanish (2%), Southern Portuguese (2%), and in single occurrences among Romanians, Slovenians, Dutch, Belgians and English.

In 2001 Bosch described this marker as H103, found in 5 Basques and 5 Catalans.[4] However a study in 2005 of Spanish Basques found lower levels of this haplogroup than those recorded in Basques by the earlier studies - only four samples out of the 168 tested.[5]

In 2008 a study by Adams and colleagues covered the whole of the Iberian Peninsula. It found the highest levels of this haplogroup in Catalonia.[6] In the same year a study by López-Parra and colleagues concentrated on the populations of the Spanish Pyrenees. They discovered a high levels of this haplogroup in the central and eastern Pyrenees. The highest level so far discovered (48%) was found in the Val d'Aran, Catalonia.[7]

In a larger study specifically of Portugal in 2006, with 663 men tested, Beleza et al. showed low levels of this haplogroup ( described in the paper as R1b3f) in all the major regions, from 1.5%-3.5%. Breaking the results down to district, only Lisboa (at 5.7%) had over 5%.[8]

A 2012 study by Martinez-Cruz et al. found the following percentages of SRY2627: 7% in the three French departments of the Pays de Basque, 16% in Bearn, 14% in Bigorre, 7% in Chalosse, 6% in the Basque regions of Spain, 15% in La Rioja, and 19% in northern Aragon.[9]

According to an "analysis of the R1b-DF27 haplogroup" published in August 2017, SRY2627 (M167) appeared 3,458 years before present in Spain (Aragon).[10]

Haplotypes

Modal

• R1b1b2a1a2c (R1b1a2a1a1b5a) Modal Haplotype. Ysearch 77ADS [11]

DYS	393	390	19	391	385A	385B	426	388	439	389I	392	389II	458	459A	459B	455	454	447	437	448	449	464A	464B	464C	464D
Alleles	13	24	14	11	11	14	12	12	12	13	13	29	17	9	10	11	11	25	15	19	29	15	15	17	18

References

1. Hurles, ME; Veitia, R; Arroyo, E; Armenteros, M; Bertranpetit, J; Pérez-Lezaun, A; Bosch, E; Shlumukova, M; et al. (1999). "Recent male-mediated gene flow over a linguistic barrier in Iberia, suggested by analysis of a Y-chromosomal DNA polymorphism". American Journal of Human Genetics. 65 (5): 1437–48. doi:10.1086/302617. PMC 1288297. PMID 10521311.
2. ISOGG tree as of 2017 (isogg.org)
3. Rosser, ZH; Zerjal, T; Hurles, ME; Adojaan, M; Alavantic, D; Amorim, A; Amos, W; Armenteros, M; et al. (2000). "Y-chromosomal diversity in Europe is clinal and influenced primarily by geography, rather than by language". American Journal of Human Genetics. 67 (6): 1526–43. doi:10.1086/316890. PMC 1287948. PMID 11078479.
4. Bosch, E; Calafell, F; Comas, D; Oefner, PJ; Underhill, PA; Bertranpetit, J (2001). "High-resolution analysis of human Y-chromosome variation shows a sharp discontinuity and limited gene flow between northwestern Africa and the Iberian Peninsula". American Journal of Human Genetics. 68 (4): 1019–29. doi:10.1086/319521. PMC 1275654. PMID 11254456.
5. Alonso, Santos; Flores, Carlos; Cabrera, Vicente; Alonso, Antonio; Martín, Pablo; Albarrán, Cristina; Izagirre, Neskuts; de la Rúa, Concepción; García, Oscar; et al. (2005). "The place of the Basques in the European Y-chromosome diversity landscape". European Journal of Human Genetics. 13 (12): 1293–1302. doi:10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201482. PMID 16094307.
6. Adams, SM; Bosch, E; Balaresque, PL; Ballereau, SJ; Lee, AC; Arroyo, E; López-Parra, AM; Aler, M; et al. (2008). "The genetic legacy of religious diversity and intolerance: paternal lineages of Christians, Jews, and Muslims in the Iberian Peninsula". American Journal of Human Genetics. 83 (6): 725–36. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.11.007. PMC 2668061. PMID 19061982.
7. López-Parra, AM; Gusmão, L; Tavares, L; Baeza, C; Amorim, A; Mesa, MS; Prata, MJ; Arroyo-Pardo, E (2009). "In search of the pre- and post-neolithic genetic substrates in Iberia: evidence from Y-chromosome in Pyrenean populations". Annals of Human Genetics. 73 (1): 42–53. doi:10.1111/j.1469-1809.2008.00478.x. PMID 18803634.
8. Beleza, S; Gusmão, L; Lopes, A; Alves, C; Gomes, I; Giouzeli, M; Calafell, F; Carracedo, A; Amorim, A (2006). "Micro-phylogeographic and demographic history of Portuguese male lineages". Annals of Human Genetics. 70 (Pt 2): 181–94. doi:10.1111/j.1529-8817.2005.00221.x. PMID 16626329. 395/657
9. Martínez-Cruz, Begoña; Harmant, Christine; Platt, Daniel E.; Haak, Wolfgang; Manry, Jeremy; Ramos-Luis, Eva; Soria-Hernanz, David F.; Bauduer, Frédéric; Salaberria, Jasone; Oyharçabal, Bernard; Quintana-Murci, Lluis; Comas, David (2012). "Evidence of Pre-Roman Tribal Genetic Structure in Basques from Uniparentally Inherited Markers". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 29 (9): 2211–2222. doi:10.1093/molbev/mss091. PMID 22411853.
10. Solé-Morata, Neus; Villaescusa, Patricia; García-Fernández, Carla; Font-Porterias, Neus; Illescas, María José; Valverde, Laura; Tassi, Francesca; Ghirotto, Silvia; Férec, Claude; Rouault, Karen; Jiménez-Moreno, Susana; Martínez-Jarreta, Begoña; Pinheiro, Maria Fátima; Zarrabeitia, María T.; Carracedo, Ángel; De Pancorbo, Marian M.; Calafell, Francesc (2017). "Analysis of the R1b-DF27 haplogroup shows that a large fraction of Iberian Y-chromosome lineages originated recently in situ". Scientific Reports. 7 (1): 7341. Bibcode:2017NatSR...7.7341S. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-07710-x. PMC 5544771. PMID 28779148.
11. "R-P312Project". Retrieved 5 October 2010.

See also

Y-DNA R-M207 subclades

• R-L21
• R-L295
• R-M124
• R-M167
• R-M17
• R-M173
• R-M207
• R-M342
• R-M420
• R-M479
• R-U106

Y-DNA backbone tree

Phylogenetic tree of human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups [χ 1][χ 2]
	"Y-chromosomal Adam"
		A00	A0-T [χ 3]
			A0	A1 [χ 4]
				A1a	A1b
					A1b1		BT
							B	CT
								DE						CF
							D	E		C		F
															F1	F2		F3	GHIJK
																				G	HIJK
																					IJK	H
														IJ	K
									I	J		LT [χ 5]		K2 [χ 6]
																L	T		K2a [χ 7]	K2b [χ 8]	K2c	K2d	K2e [χ 9]
																			K-M2313 [χ 10]		K2b1 [χ 11]	P [χ 12]
																			NO		S [χ 13]	M [χ 14]		P1	P2
																		N	O			Q	R
Y-DNA by population Y-DNA haplogroups of historic people Footnotes  Van Oven M, Van Geystelen A, Kayser M, Decorte R, Larmuseau HD (2014). "Seeing the wood for the trees: a minimal reference phylogeny for the human Y chromosome". Human Mutation. 35 (2): 187–91. doi:10.1002/humu.22468. PMID 24166809. International Society of Genetic Genealogy (ISOGG; 2015), Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2015. (Access date: 1 February 2015.) Haplogroup A0-T is also known as A-L1085 (and previously as A0'1'2'3'4). Haplogroup A1 is also known as A1'2'3'4. Haplogroup LT (L298/P326) is also known as Haplogroup K1. Between 2002 and 2008, Haplogroup T-M184 was known as "Haplogroup K2". That name has since been re-assigned to K-M526, the sibling of Haplogroup LT. Haplogroup K2a (M2308) and its primary subclade K-M2313 were separated from Haplogroup NO (F549) in 2016. (This followed the publication of: Poznik GD, Xue Y, Mendez FL, et al. (2016). "Punctuated bursts in human male demography inferred from 1,244 worldwide Y-chromosome sequences". Nature Genetics. 48 (6): 593–9. doi:10.1038/ng.3559. PMC 4884158. PMID 27111036. In the past, other haplogroups, including NO (M214) and K2e had also been identified with the name "K2a". Haplogroup K2b (M1221/P331/PF5911) is also known as Haplogroup MPS. Haplogroup K2e (K-M147) was previously known as "Haplogroup X" and "K2a" (but is a sibling subclade of the present K2a). K-M2313*, which as yet has no phylogenetic name, has been documented in two living individuals, who have ethnic ties to India and South East Asia. In addition, K-Y28299, which appears to be a primary branch of K-M2313, has been found in three living individuals from India. See: Poznik op. cit.; YFull YTree v5.08, 2017, "K-M2335", and; PhyloTree, 2017, "Details of the Y-SNP markers included in the minimal Y tree" (Access date of these pages: 9 December 2017) Haplogroup K2b1 (P397/P399) is also known as Haplogroup MS, but has a broader and more complex internal structure. Haplogroup P (P295) is also klnown as K2b2. Haplogroup S, as of 2017, is also known as K2b1a. (Previously the name Haplogroup S was assigned to K2b1a4.) Haplogroup M, as of 2017, is also known as K2b1b. (Previously the name Haplogroup M was assigned to K2b1d.)