Pydna
Pydna /ˈpɪdnə/ (in Greek: Πύδνα, older transliteration: Pýdna) was a Greek city in ancient Macedon, the most important in Pieria. Modern Pydna is a small town and a former municipality in the northeastern part of Pieria regional unit, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Pydna-Kolindros, of which it is a municipal unit.[2] The municipal unit has an area of 105.059 km2, the community 41.334 km2.[3] Pydna is situated in fertile land close to the Thermaic Gulf coast. The main village of the former municipality is Kitros. It lies 6 km north of Korinos, 8 km south of Methoni and 13 km northeast of Katerini. Motorway 1 and the Piraeus–Platy railway (nearest station at Korinos) pass east of the village.
Pydna Πύδνα | |
|---|---|
  Pydna Location within the regional unit  | |
| Coordinates: 40°22′N 22°35′E | |
| Country | Greece |
| Administrative region | Central Macedonia |
| Regional unit | Pieria |
| Municipality | Pydna-Kolindros |
| • Municipal unit | 105.59 km2 (40.77 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 78 m (256 ft) |
| Population (2011)[1] | |
| • Municipal unit | 3,258 |
| • Municipal unit density | 31/km2 (80/sq mi) |
| Community | |
| • Population | 1,206 (2011) |
| • Area (km2) | 41.334 |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Postal code | 600 64 |
| Area code(s) | 23510 |
| Vehicle registration | KN |
Ancient Pydna
Ancient Pydna was already a part of the Macedonian kingdom under Alexander I (Thucydides I.137.1). It was unsuccessfully besieged by the Athenians in 432 BC and again, after seceding from the Macedonian kingdom, in 410 BC by Archelaus I who successfully captured the city and transferred its population further inland, possibly at the site of modern Kitros; however, the old site was re-populated in the early 4th century. The Athenians, under Timotheus, seized Pydna in 364-363 BC, only to have it retaken in 357 BC by Philip II of Macedon. Pydna would remain part of the kingdom of Macedonia until its Roman conquest. In 317 BC, Alexander III's mother, Olympias took refuge there to escape from Cassander's wrath, incurred by Olympias' scheming against Phillip III and his wife. Cassander besieged the city and managed to capture it during the spring of 316 BC.
The Battle of Pydna (June 22, 168 BC), in which the Roman general Lucius Aemilius Paullus (subsequently given the nickname of "Macedonicus") defeated King Perseus, ended the reign of the Antigonid dynasty over Macedon.
Late in the first millennium of the Christian era Pydna became a bishopric under the name Kitros or Citrus. It is included in the Notitia Episcopatuum of Leo VI the Wise (866–912). Its bishop Germanus participated in the Photian Council of Constantinople (879). In the aftermath of the Fourth Crusade Citrus became a Latin Church diocese, as witnessed by a letter of Pope Innocent III in 1208, which does not give the name of the bishop of the see.[4][5][6][4][7] It is now listed by the Catholic Church as a titular see.[8]
Population
| Year | Community | Municipal unit |
|---|---|---|
| 1981 | 1,882 | - |
| 1991 | 1,789 | 4,678 |
| 2001 | - | 4,012 |
| 2011[1] | 1,206 | 3,258 |
See also
References
- "Απογραφή Πληθυσμού - Κατοικιών 2011. ΜΟΝΙΜΟΣ Πληθυσμός" (in Greek). Hellenic Statistical Authority.
- Kallikratis law Greece Ministry of Interior (in Greek)
- "Population & housing census 2001 (incl. area and average elevation)" (PDF) (in Greek). National Statistical Service of Greece.
- Michel Lequien, Oriens christianus in quatuor Patriarchatus digestus, Paris 1740, Vol. II, coll. 79-82
- Raymond Janin, v. Citrus, in Dictionnaire d'Histoire et de Géographie ecclésiastiques, vol. XII, Paris 1953, coll. 998-999
- Konrad Eubel, Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi, vol. 1, p. 188; vol. 2, pp. XX e 129; vol. 3, p. 167; vol. 4, p. 151; vol. 5, p. 158
- Pius Bonifacius Gams, Series episcoporum Ecclesiae Catholicae, Leipzig 1931, p. 429
- Annuario Pontificio 2013 (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2013 ISBN 978-88-209-9070-1), p. 871
- Léon Heuzey, Honoré Daumet, Mission archéologique de Macédoine, Paris, 1876, 239-266.
- R. Danoff, RE s. v. "Pydna", Suppl. X (1965), 833-842.
External links
- Livius, Pydna by Jona Lendering (ancient history of Pydna)
- Ancient Pydna
- http://www.factmonster.com/ce6/history/A0840609.html
- The Battle of Pydna
- The Third Macedonian War and the Battle of Pydna (168 BC) by John Foss
- Borza, E., R. Talbert, T. Elliott, S. Gillies. "Places: 491703 (Pydna)". Pleiades. Retrieved March 8, 2012.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)