Provincial governments of Nepal

The seven provinces of Nepal are governed by provincial governments which form the second layer of government, between the federal government and the local government. The provincial governments are established, and their structure defined, by Part 13 of the Constitution of Nepal.

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Legislature

Each province has a unicameral provincial legislature, varying in size according to the population of the province. The members are elected through first-past-the-post voting and party-list proportional representation for a term of five years, unless dissolved sooner. The most recent provincial election was held on 24 November and 7 December, 2017. The alliance of Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist) and Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre) won a majority in six provinces, while the alliance of Federal Socialist Forum, Nepal and Rastriya Janata Party Nepal won a majority in one province.

Legislature Seats
NCP NC SPN RJPN Others Total
Provincial Assembly of Province No. 1 66 21 3 0 3 93
Provincial Assembly of Province No. 2 32 19 29 25 2 107
Provincial Assembly of Bagmati 80 22 1 0 7 110
Provincial Assembly of Gandaki 39 15 0 0 6 60
Provincial Assembly of Province No. 5 61 19 5 1 1 87
Provincial Assembly of Karnali 32 6 0 0 1 40
Provincial Assembly of Sudurpashchim 39 12 0 2 0 53

Executive

The head of the provincial government is the Chief Minister, who is the parliamentary party leader of the party with the majority or the highest number of seats in the assembly. The assembly can force the resignation of the Chief Minister with a vote of no confidence.

Current Chief Ministers of Nepal
Province Name Party Took office
Province No. 1 Sher Dhan Rai[1] Nepal Communist Party 15 February 2018
Province No. 2 Mohammad Lalbabu Raut[2] Samajbadi Party, Nepal 14 February 2018
Bagmati Dormani Poudel[3] Nepal Communist Party 11 February 2018
Gandaki Prithvi Subba Gurung[4] Nepal Communist Party 12 February 2018
Province No. 5 Shankar Pokharel[5] Nepal Communist Party 14 February 2018
Karnali Mahendra Bahadur Shahi[6] Nepal Communist Party 16 February 2018
Sudurpashchim Trilochan Bhatta[7] Nepal Communist Party 16 February 2018

The Chief Minister appoints a Provincial Cabinet. The members of the Provincial Cabinet are responsible for the various departments of the provincial administration.

Cabinet of Province No. 1
S.N. Portfolio Holder Party Took office
1 Chief Minister
Minister for Land Management, Agriculture and Co-operatives
Minister for Physical Infrastructure and Development		 Sher Dhan Rai[8] Nepal Communist Party 14 February 2018
2 Minister for Internal Affairs and Law Hikmat Karki[8] Nepal Communist Party 15 February 2018
3 Minister for Social Development Jeevan Ghimire[8] Nepal Communist Party 15 February 2018
4 Minister for Industry, Tourism, Forest and Environment Jagadish Prasad Kusiyat[8] Nepal Communist Party 15 February 2018
5 Minister for Economic Affairs and Planning Indra Bahadur Aangbo[8] Nepal Communist Party 15 February 2018

Cabinet of Province No. 2
S.N. Portfolio Holder Party Took office Left office
1 Chief Minister Mohammad Lalbabu Raut[2] Samajbadi Party, Nepal 14 February 2018
2 Minister for Internal Affairs and Law Gyanendra Kumari Yadav[9] Samajbadi Party, Nepal 1 March 2018
3 Minister for Social Development Nawal Kishore Sah[9] Rastriya Janata Party Nepal 1 March 2018
4 Minister for Industry, Tourism, Forest and Environment Ram Naresh Rae[9] Rastriya Janata Party Nepal 1 March 2018
5 Minister for Land Management, Agriculture and Co-operatives Shailendra Prasad Sah[9] Samajbadi Party, Nepal 1 March 2018
6 Minister for Physical Infrastructure and Development Jitendra Sonal[10] Rastriya Janata Party Nepal 15 February 2018
7 Minister for Economic Affairs and Planning Bijay Kumar Yadav[10] Samajbadi Party, Nepal 15 February 2018
8 State Minister for Land Management, Agriculture and Co-operatives Yogendra Ray Yadav[9] Samajbadi Party, Nepal 1 March 2018
9 State Minister for Internal Affairs and Law Saroj Kumar Singh[9] Samajbadi Party, Nepal 1 March 2018
10 State Minister for Economic Affairs and Planning Usha Yadav[9] Samajbadi Party, Nepal 1 March 2018
11 State Minister for Industry, Tourism, Forest and Environment Suresh Kumal Mandal[9] Rastriya Janata Party Nepal 25 July 2018
12 State Minister for Physical Infrastructure and Development Dimpal Jha[9] Rastriya Janata Party Nepal 25 July 2018 29 January 2020
13 State Minister for Social Development Abhiram Sharma[9] Rastriya Janata Party Nepal 25 July 2018

Cabinet of Bagmati Pradesh
S.N. Portfolio Holder Party Took office Left office
1 Chief Minister Dormani Poudel[3] Nepal Communist Party 12 February 2018
2 Minister for Internal Affairs and Law Shalikram Jamarkattel[11] Nepal Communist Party 12 February 2018
3 Minister for Social Development Yuba Raj Dulal[9] Nepal Communist Party 1 March 2018
4 Minister for Industry, Tourism, Forest and Environment Arun Prasad Nepal[9] Nepal Communist Party 1 March 2018
5 Minister for Land Management, Agriculture and Co-operatives Dawa Dorje Lama[9] Nepal Communist Party 1 March 2018
6 Minister for Physical Infrastructure and Development Keshav Sthapit[12] Nepal Communist Party 12 February 2018 2 November 2018
7 Rameshwor Phuyal[13] Nepal Communist Party 17 February 2019
8 Minister for Economic Affairs and Planning Kailash Dhungel[9] Nepal Communist Party 1 March 2018

Cabinet of Gandaki Pradesh
S.N. Portfolio Holder Party Took office
1 Chief Minister Prithvi Subba Gurung[4] Nepal Communist Party 12 February 2018
2 Minister for Internal Affairs and Law Hari Bahadur Chuman[14] Nepal Communist Party 16 February 2018
3 Minister for Social Development Nar Devi Pun[15] Nepal Communist Party 26 March 2018
4 Minister for Industry, Tourism, Forest and Environment Bikas Lamsal[15] Nepal Communist Party 26 March 2018
5 Minister for Land Management, Agriculture and Co-operatives Lekh Bahadur Thapa Magar[14] Nepal Communist Party 16 February 2018
6 Minister for Physical Infrastructure and Development Ram Sharan Basnet[14] Nepal Communist Party 16 February 2018
7 Minister for Economic Affairs and Planning Kiran Gurung[15] Nepal Communist Party 26 March 2018

Cabinet of Province No. 5
S.N. Portfolio Holder Party Took office
1 Chief Minister
Minister for Economic Affairs and Planning		 Shankar Pokharel[5] Nepal Communist Party 14 February 2018
2 Minister for Internal Affairs and Law Kul Prasad KC[16] Nepal Communist Party 15 February 2018
3 Minister for Social Development Sudarshan Baral[17] Nepal Communist Party 20 March 2018
4 Minister for Industry, Tourism, Forest and Environment Lila Giri[17] Nepal Communist Party 20 March 2018
5 Minister for Land Management, Agriculture and Co-operatives Arati Paudel[17] Nepal Communist Party 20 March 2018
6 Minister for Physical Infrastructure and Development Baijanath Chaudhary[16] Nepal Communist Party 15 February 2018

Cabinet of Karnali Pradesh
S.N. Portfolio Holder Party Took office
1 Chief Minister Mahendra Bahadur Shahi[6] Nepal Communist Party 16 February 2018
2 Minister for Internal Affairs and Law Naresh Bhandari[18] Nepal Communist Party 18 February 2018
3 Minister for Social Development Dal Bahadur Rawal[18] Nepal Communist Party 18 February 2018
4 Minister for Industry, Tourism, Forest and Environment Nanda Singh Budha[18] Nepal Communist Party 18 February 2018
5 Minister for Land Management, Agriculture and Co-operatives Bimala KC[18] Nepal Communist Party 18 February 2018
6 Minister for Physical Infrastructure and Development Khadga Bahadur Khatri[18] Nepal Communist Party 18 February 2018
7 Minister for Economic Affairs and Planning Prakash Jwala[18] Nepal Communist Party 18 February 2018

Cabinet of Sudurpashchim Pradesh
S.N. Portfolio Holder Party Took office Left office
1 Chief Minister Trilochan Bhatta[7] Nepal Communist Party 16 February 2018
2 Minister for Internal Affairs and Law Prakash Bahadur Shah[19] Nepal Communist Party 18 February 2018
3 Minister for Social Development Dirgha Sodari Nepal Communist Party 18 February 2018 13 November 2018
4 Krishna Raj Subedi [20] Nepal Communist Party 13 November 2018
5 Minister for Industry, Tourism, Forest and Environment Maya Bhatta[19] Nepal Communist Party 18 February 2018
6 Minister for Land Management, Agriculture and Co-operatives Binita Chaudhary[19] Nepal Communist Party 18 February 2018
7 Minister for Physical Infrastructure and Development Pathan Singh Bohara[19] Nepal Communist Party 18 February 2018
8 Minister for Economic Affairs and Planning Jhapat Bahadur Bohara[19] Nepal Communist Party 18 February 2018
9 State Minister for Industry, Tourism, Forest and Environment Prakash Rawal[21] Nepal Communist Party 9 October 2018

Judiciary

The former appellate courts were changed into High Courts after the adoption of the new constitution.[22]

High Courts of Nepal
S.N. High Court Primary seat Extended Bench Jurisdiction Chief Judge
1 Biratnagar High Court Biratnagar, Morang Dhankuta, Dhankuta
Ilam, Ilam
Siddhicharan, Okhaldhunga		 Province No. 1 Kul Ratna Bhurtel[23]
2 Janakpur High Court Janakpur, Dhanusha Birgunj, Parsa
Rajbiraj, Saptari		 Province No. 2 Udaya Prakash Chapagain[24]
3 Patan High Court Lalitpur, Lalitpur Hetauda, Makwanpur Bagmati Nakhul Subedi[25]
4 Pokhara High Court Pokhara Lekhnath, Kaski Baglung, Baglung Gandaki Yagya Prasad Basyal[26]
5 Tulsipur High Court Tulsipur, Dang Butwal, Rupandehi
Nepalgunj, Banke		 Province No. 5 Ramesh Pokharel[27]
6 Surkhet High Court Birendranagar, Surkhet Chandannath, Jumla Karnali Kumar Chudal[27]
7 Dipayal High Court Dipayal, Doti Bhimdatta, Kanchanpur Sudurpashchim Prakash Kumar Dhungana[28]
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gollark: That wouldn't even work if `sed` got the modified copy, but it doesn't.
gollark: This is only for purposes, of course.
gollark: I used a "trusting trust" attack on gcc to patch Linux's VFS code to modify the content of `/etc/sudoers` when accessed by some processes.
gollark: Actually, I am in *all* sudoers files.

See also

References
  1. "Sher Dhan Rai appointed Province 1 Chief Minister - The Himalayan Times". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-14. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
  2. "Lalbabu Raut appointed as Chief Minister of Province-2". My Republica. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
  3. "UML PP leader Dor Mani Paudel appointed CM of Province 3". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-11. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
  4. "Prithvi Subba Gurung appointed as Province 4 CM - The Himalayan Times". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-12. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
  5. "Shankar Pokharel appointed Province 5 CM". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-14. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
  6. "Shahi appointed Province 6 CM". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-16. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
  7. "Trilochan Bhatta becomes Province 7 chief minister". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-16. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
  8. "Rai sworn in as Province 1 chief minister". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-16. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
  9. "Cabinets of Province 2 and 3 expanded". My Republica. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
  10. "Gaddhi sworn in as Province 2 CM, Sonal, Yadav get ministries". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-16. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
  11. "CM Poudel forms three-member cabinet". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-12. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
  12. "CM Poudel forms three-member cabinet". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-12. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
  13. श्रेष्ठ, अशोकसुजन. "भौतिक विकास मन्त्री फुयाँलले लिए सपथ". Nagarik News. Retrieved 2020-02-17.
  14. "Province 4 has four-member cabinet". My Republica. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
  15. "CM Gurung expands Cabinet in Prov 4". The Himalayan Times. 2018-03-26. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
  16. "Province 1, 2 and 5 chief ministers take oath". Retrieved 2018-03-31.
  17. "Province 5 CM expands Cabinet". Retrieved 2018-03-31.
  18. "Province 6 Cabinet gets full shape". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-19. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
  19. "Province 7 gets seven-member cabinet". My Republica. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
  20. "Subedi new Social Development Minister of Sudurpachim Province". kathmandupost.ekantipur.com. Retrieved 2019-01-02.
  21. Republica. "Sudurpashchim Province's govt inducts Rawal as state minister". My Republica. Retrieved 2019-01-02.
  22. "Govt designates all 7 high courts". My Republica. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
  23. "Three HC judges face punitive action". The Himalayan Times. 2019-06-20. Retrieved 2019-12-19.
  24. "The Rising Nepal: Four newly-appointed chief judges sworn in". therisingnepal.org.np. Retrieved 2019-12-19.
  25. "Three freed on bail, two others on general date". The Himalayan Times. 2019-12-14. Retrieved 2019-12-19.
  26. "JC recommends sacking of judge Sahi". Khabarhub English News. 2019-10-18. Retrieved 2019-12-19.
  27. "Three judges transferred". The Himalayan Times. 2019-07-30. Retrieved 2019-12-19.
  28. "The Rising Nepal: Doti declared defecation free district". www.therisingnepal.org.np. Retrieved 2019-12-19.
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