Pritzker Architecture Prize
The Pritzker Architecture Prize is awarded annually "to honor a living architect or architects whose built work demonstrates a combination of those qualities of talent, vision and commitment, which has produced consistent and significant contributions to humanity and the built environment through the art of architecture".[1] Founded in 1979 by Jay A. Pritzker and his wife Cindy, the award is funded by the Pritzker family and sponsored by the Hyatt Foundation. It is considered to be one of the world's premier architecture prizes, and is often referred to as the Nobel Prize of architecture.[2][3][4][5]
Pritzker Architecture Prize | |
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Medal of the Pritzker Architecture Prize | |
Awarded for | A career of achievement in the art of architecture |
Sponsored by | Hyatt Foundation |
Reward(s) | US$100,000 |
First awarded | 1979 |
Last awarded | 2020 |
Website | www |
The Pritzker Architecture Prize is said to be awarded "irrespective of nationality, race, creed, or ideology".[6] The recipients receive US$100,000, a citation certificate, and, since 1987, a bronze medallion.[1] The designs on the medal are inspired by the work of architect Louis Sullivan, while the Latin inspired inscription on the reverse of the medallion—firmitas, utilitas, venustas (English: firmness, commodity and delight)—is from Ancient Roman architect Vitruvius. Before 1987, a limited edition Henry Moore sculpture accompanied the monetary prize.[1]
The Executive Director of the prize, Martha Thorne,[7] solicits nominations from a range of people, including past Laureates, academics, critics and others "with expertise and interest in the field of architecture".[6] Any licensed architect can also make a personal application for the prize before November 1 every year. (In 1988 Gordon Bunshaft nominated himself for the award and eventually won it.)[8] The jury, consisting of five to nine "experts ... recognized professionals in their own fields of architecture, business, education, publishing, and culture", deliberates and early in the following year announce the winner.[6] The prize Chair is Stephen Breyer; earlier chairs were J. Carter Brown (1979–2002), the Lord Rothschild (2003–2004), the Lord Palumbo (2005–2015) and Glenn Murcutt (2016–2018).[9]
Laureates
Inaugural winner Philip Johnson was cited "for 50 years of imagination and vitality embodied in a myriad of museums, theaters, libraries, houses, gardens and corporate structures".[10] The 2004 laureate Zaha Hadid was the first female prize winner.[11] Ryue Nishizawa became the youngest winner in 2010 at age 44.[12] Partners in architecture (in 2001, Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron, in 2010, Kazuyo Sejima and Nishizawa, and in 2020, Yvonne Farrell and Shelley McNamara) have shared the award.[13] In 1988, Gordon Bunshaft and Oscar Niemeyer were both separately honored with the award.[14] The 2017 winners, architects Rafael Aranda, Carme Pigem, and Ramón Vilalta were the first group of three to share the prize.[15][16]
Controversy
In 2013, the student organization "Women in Design" at the Harvard Graduate School of Design started a petition on behalf of Denise Scott Brown to receive joint recognition with her partner, past prize winner Robert Venturi, furthering a debate about sexism in architecture. The petition, according to The New York Times, "reignited long-simmering tensions in the architectural world over whether women have been consistently denied the standing they deserve in a field whose most prestigious award was not given to a woman until 2004, when Zaha Hadid won".[56] Although the petition received international support of several past recipients, the jury said that it cannot revisit the work of past juries, in order to acknowledge the work of Brown and Lu Wenyu, both women and equal partners to their spouses Venturi and Wang Shu, who won in 1991 and 2012 respectively.[57] Scott Brown told CNN that "as a woman, she had felt excluded by the elite of architecture throughout her career," and that "the Pritzker Prize was based on the fallacy that great architecture was the work of a 'single lone male genius' at the expense of collaborative work."[58] In 2020, the Pritzker jury said in its citation awarding the prize to Yvonne Farrell and Shelley McNamara – making them the fourth and fifth women to ever be awarded the prize – that they were, "pioneers in a field that has traditionally been and still is a male-dominated profession [and] beacons to others as they forge their exemplary professional path."[59]
References
General
- "Past laureates". Pritzker Architecture Prize official site. The Hyatt Foundation. Retrieved March 17, 2013.
Specific
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- Goldberger, Paul (May 28, 1988). "Architecture View; What Pritzker Winners Tell Us About the Prize". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 31, 2013. Retrieved June 26, 2009.
- McLean, Pauline (June 9, 2011). "Riverside Museum architect visits 'sophisticated shed'". BBC News. Archived from the original on December 4, 2011. Retrieved May 19, 2012.
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- Pollard, Lawrence (April 13, 2009). "Swiss architect wins top honour". BBC News. Archived from the original on July 12, 2011. Retrieved May 19, 2012.
- "Nomination Process". Pritzker Architecture Prize official site. The Hyatt Foundation. Archived from the original on February 4, 2018. Retrieved February 3, 2018.
- "2009 Jury Members". Pritzker Architecture Prize official site. The Hyatt Foundation. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved July 3, 2009.
- "Cityscapes: How to win the Pritzker Architecture Prize: Practice, practice, practice (and don't be shy about nominating yourself)". chicagotribune.com. Archived from the original on April 3, 2010.
- "Jury". The Hyatt Foundation. Archived from the original on August 10, 2017. Retrieved March 10, 2015.
- "Philip Johnson – 1979 Laureate – Jury Citation". Pritzker Architecture Prize official site. The Hyatt Foundation. Archived from the original on April 16, 2009. Retrieved June 30, 2009.
- "Hadid designs landmark building". BBC News. January 15, 2005. Archived from the original on September 2, 2017. Retrieved June 29, 2009.
- "Pritzker Architecture Prize 1984 Announcement". The Hyatt Foundation. Archived from the original on June 1, 2012. Retrieved March 30, 2010.
- "Ivonne Farrell and Shelley McNamara The Pritzker Architecture Prize". www.pritzkerprize.com. Retrieved March 3, 2020.
- Kamin, Blair (March 1, 2017). "Pritzker Architecture Prize goes to 3 people — a Spanish team that blends old and new". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on March 1, 2017. Retrieved March 2, 2017.
- "Announcement: Rafael Aranda, Carme Pigem and Ramon Vilalta". Pritzker Architecture Prize. The Hyatt Foundation. Archived from the original on March 2, 2017. Retrieved March 2, 2017.
- Wainwright, Oliver (March 1, 2017). "Pritzker architecture prize won by little known Catalan trio". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on March 1, 2017. Retrieved March 1, 2017.
- Goldberger, Paul (May 23, 1979). "Philip Johnson Awarded $100,000 Pritzker Prize". The New York Times. Retrieved March 6, 2019.
- Reynolds, Nigel (March 23, 2004). "Top prize for architect who is ignored by fellow British". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on March 17, 2009. Retrieved June 26, 2009.
- Pilkington, Ed (April 14, 2009). "Swiss architect untouched by fad or fashion wins prized Pritzker award". The Guardian. Archived from the original on September 6, 2013. Retrieved June 26, 2009.
- Muschamp, Herbert (April 26, 1993). "Pritzker Prize for Japanese Architect". The New York Times. Archived from the original on July 7, 2014. Retrieved June 26, 2009.
- "The Pritzker Architecture Prize Celebrates its Tenth Anniversary Honoring Two Laureates for 1988". pritzkerprize.com. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015.
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- Ribeiro, Ana Maria (February 24, 2009). "Siza Vieira fala para casa cheia". Correio da Manhã (in Portuguese). Retrieved June 26, 2009.
- Muschamp, Herbert (May 2, 1994). "Priztker prize goes to French architect for the first time". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 7, 2014. Retrieved June 26, 2009.
- Viladas, Pilar (August 19, 2001). "Fashion's New Religion". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 22, 2010. Retrieved June 27, 2009.
- Samaniego, Fernando (June 1, 1997). "El noruego Sverre Fehn recibe el Pritzker de Arquitectura en el museo Guggenheim Bilbao". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved June 26, 2009.
- Muschamp, Herbert (April 20, 1998). "Renzo Piano Wins Architecture's Top Prize". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 5, 2012. Retrieved June 26, 2009.
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- "Prize for Opera House designer". BBC News. April 7, 2003. Archived from the original on March 27, 2012. Retrieved June 26, 2009.
- "Paris skyscraper to rival tower". BBC News. November 28, 2006. Archived from the original on September 30, 2009. Retrieved June 26, 2009.
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- Basulto, David (February 2012). "2012 Pritzker Prize: Wang Shu". Arch Daily. Archived from the original on February 29, 2012. Retrieved February 27, 2012.
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- Hawthorne, Christopher (March 24, 2014). "Architect Shigeru Ban, known for disaster relief, wins Pritzker Prize". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on March 25, 2014. Retrieved March 24, 2014.
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- Pritzker Prize for Frei Otto, German Architect, Announced After His Death Archived February 3, 2018, at the Wayback Machine, Robin Pogrebin, The New York Times, March 10, 2015
- "Announcement". pritzkerprize.com. Archived from the original on January 14, 2016. Retrieved January 13, 2016.
- "Ceremony". pritzkerprize.com. Archived from the original on January 16, 2016. Retrieved January 13, 2016.
- "Announcement: Rafael Aranda, Carme Pigem and Ramon Vilalta | The Pritzker Architecture Prize". www.pritzkerprize.com. Archived from the original on March 2, 2017. Retrieved March 1, 2017.
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- "The Pritzker Architecture Prize". www.pritzkerprize.com. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
- Kamin, Blair (March 3, 2020). "Chicago's coveted Pritzker Architecture Prize goes to 2 women architects from Ireland". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved May 30, 2020.
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- Catriona Davies (May 29, 2013). "Denise Scott Brown: Architecture favors 'lone male genius' over women". CNN. Archived from the original on June 19, 2013.
- Noveck, Jocelyn (March 3, 2020). "Irish architects Farrell, McNamara win Pritzker Prize". Associated Press. Retrieved March 4, 2020.