Portimão

Portimão (Portuguese pronunciation: [puɾtiˈmɐ̃w] (listen)) is a town (cidade) and a municipality in the district of Faro, in the Algarve region of southern Portugal.[1] The population in 2011 was 55,614,[2] in an area of 182.06 km².[3] It was formerly known as Vila Nova de Portimão (IPA: [ˈvilɐ ˈnɔvɐ ðɨ puɾtiˈmɐ̃w]). In 1924, it was incorporated as a cidade and became known merely as Portimão. Historically a fishing and shipbuilding centre, it has nonetheless developed into a strong tourist centre oriented along its beaches and southern coast. The two most populous towns in the Algarve are Portimão and Faro.

For the civil parish or wine, see Portimão (parish) and Portimão DOC.

Portimão
Municipality
Flag
Coat of arms
Coordinates: 37°8′13″N 8°32′18″W
Country Portugal
RegionAlgarve
Intermunic. comm.Algarve
DistrictFaro
Parishes3
Government
 • PresidentManuel António da Luz (PS)
Area
 • Total182.06 km2 (70.29 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total55,614
 • Density310/km2 (790/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC±00:00 (WET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+01:00 (WEST)
Postal code
8500
PatronImaculada Conceição
Websitehttp://www.cm-portimao.pt

History
A replica of a Caravel sailing by the Arade River in old Portimão
The Fort of Santa Catarina (Portimão) overlooking the coastal roads of Portimão

Prehistory

The area was settled during the prehistoric epoch: the Cynetes, influenced by the Celts and Tartessos lived during the Algarve for many centuries. In the area of Alcalar there are several remnants of Neolithic funerary sites of which only one, Alcalar monument number seven, comprising a circular chamber composed of schist stone and long corridor, remains. Comparable to western European and Irish monuments, the funeral crypt, with two lateral ritual niches, was protected by a tumulus: a similar site exists in Monte Canelas.

Antiquity

The mouth of the Arade River proved an important natural shelter that soon became a small commercial port for the Phoenicians, Greeks and Carthaginians. The Carthaginians founded two settlements nearby in the mid-6th century BC, known by their Roman names Portus Magonis and Portus Hannibalis ("Hannibal's Port"). The former was the nucleus of present-day Portimão.

Obvious vestiges of the Roman occupation are situated near Figueira, at Quinta da Abicada, in the confluence of two rivers, where the remains of various rooms were unearthed. Also, in the area of Coca Maravilhas was discovered a well-preserved period cistern, while along the Arade River there have been identified gold coins.

Middle Ages

In the 5th century, the Algarve was inhabited by the Visigoths until the invasion of the Moors. It was during the Moorish occupation that the settlement changed to Burj Munt. The river and its ocean access to the ancient city of Shilb (Silves), then capital of the Arabian Algarve.

Kingdom

Along with Silves and Alvor, the small fishing centre in Portimão was reconquered in 1249 from the Arabs by Knights of the Order of Santiago and forcibly integrated into the fledgling kingdom, during the reign of Afonso III of Portugal.

Nossa Senhora da Conceição church. Built in the 15th century and partially rebuilt after the 1755 earthquake

Its geographic location created strong economic conditions to allow the region to prosper, eventually allowing Portimão to obtain the status of town in 1435. The inhabitants understood the necessity of constructing walls, in order to protect themselves from constant invasions. The construction of two forts, the Castle of São João (in Ferragudo) and the Fort of Santa Catarina (Portimão), protected the centre from attacks from pirates and privateers during this period.

In Portimão, a major part of the commerce was accomplished across the sea. The transport across the Arade River was done across a boat that docked at the Largo de Barca. Until bridge and road was constructed, 400 years later, it was the only form of crossing the river.

In 1463, King Afonso V of Portugal, under petition from several inhabitants in Portimão, authorized the founding of new settlement, which became the urbanized centre of Portimão (then named São Lourenço Barrosa). In 1476, Vila Nova de Portimão is donated by Afonso V of Portugal to his financial inspector, D. Gonçalo Vaz de Castelo Branco, remaining in the family until the 17th century.

The shipbuilding industry took on an important place in the city's development. These activities were registered in the royal documents that included authorization of Sebastian of Portugal (in 1536). The king visited in 1573, passing the night and assisting a solemn mass in the Convent of São Francisco.

In the port of Portimão local products, such as figs, olives, oil, wine and fish were regularly exported, while other products from the African and Brazilian colonies, such as slaves and sugar, were introduced into the Portuguese territory. But, by the 17th and 18th century, the rhythm of growth slowed considerably. As commerce decreased the inhabitants emigrated, a fact that accelerated after the 1755 earthquake, causing the destruction within the city. The main church was destroyed, while many of the small chapels were damaged. The city walls were severely damaged, not just by the earthquake but also the resulting tsunami. The Fort of Santa Catarina also suffered damage, but was reconstructed in 1792 and 1794, by the Count of Val de Reys. Twenty years after the earthquake, the Marquess of Pombal, wanted to make Portimão a bishopric, and in this evolution, he elevated the town to the status of city. Unfortunately, Queen Maria I of Portugal vetoed these intentions. The civil statute was only issued in 1924, by the Marquess' illustrious son Manuel Teixeira Gomes, as Republican president.

Portimão, Algarve, Portugal

Republic

In the 19th century, a fishing conserving industry reinvigorated the old city. Now renamed Portimão, the city turned into one of the more important fishing and packing centres in the Algarve, until the 20th century, when the 1980s recession finally caused these businesses to fold. At the end of the 20th century, visitors to the region began travelling to the beaches of Praia da Rocha or Praia da Santa Catarina. On 1 August 1910, the Praia da Rocha Casino was opened, symptom of the growing influx of tourists to the region, many aristocrats from the southern part of the country and Andalusia.

The place became populated by houses and chalets built for, or rented to, the numerous tourists. The first hotel constructed, the Hotel Viola, dated to the first part of the 20th century, and was expanded after 1932, when the space became too small to support the influx of travellers. In 1936, the Hotel Bela Vista was constructed as total tourists began to exceed a thousand people annually. It turned into a popular destination for sport fishing, and among popular nautical sports, jet skiing, sailing, windsurfing, diving and dolphin watching.

Geography
The white sand beach and cliffs of the beach of Praia da Rocha

The municipality is located on the western coast of the Algarve, bordering the municipalities of Lagos, Lagoa, Monchique Municipality and Silves.

Portimão is the most important urbanized city in the Barlavento Algarvio (the western Algarve), supporting a sizeable population with harbour and a small airfield (Portimão Airport) of its own with schedules flights to some domestic destinations by Aero VIP (the larger Faro International Airport is in the nearby district capital of Faro). Administratively, the municipality is divided into 3 civil parishes (freguesias):[4]

The municipality is primarily serviced by the A22 motorway (the Via do Infante), and the E.N.125 roadway that links it directly to the communities of Alvor (4 kilometres), Mexilhoeira Grande (9 kilometres) and Praia da Rocha (3 kilometres).

Population of the
municipality of Portimão
(1981–2011)
YearPop.±%
1981 34,464—    
1991 38,883+12.8%
2001 44,818+15.3%
2004 47,189+5.3%
2011 55,614+17.9%

Climate
Climate data for Portimão
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 15.9
(60.6)		 16.6
(61.9)		 17.8
(64.0)		 19.7
(67.5)		 22.2
(72.0)		 25.3
(77.5)		 28.4
(83.1)		 28.8
(83.8)		 26.3
(79.3)		 22.9
(73.2)		 19.0
(66.2)		 16.6
(61.9)		 21.6
(70.9)
Daily mean °C (°F) 12.0
(53.6)		 12.6
(54.7)		 13.8
(56.8)		 15.4
(59.7)		 17.6
(63.7)		 20.4
(68.7)		 22.9
(73.2)		 23.4
(74.1)		 21.6
(70.9)		 18.8
(65.8)		 15.1
(59.2)		 12.7
(54.9)		 17.2
(62.9)
Average low °C (°F) 8.2
(46.8)		 8.6
(47.5)		 9.9
(49.8)		 11.1
(52.0)		 13.0
(55.4)		 15.6
(60.1)		 17.5
(63.5)		 18.0
(64.4)		 16.9
(62.4)		 14.7
(58.5)		 11.3
(52.3)		 8.8
(47.8)		 12.8
(55.0)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 79
(3.1)		 64
(2.5)		 45
(1.8)		 36
(1.4)		 21
(0.8)		 12
(0.5)		 1
(0.0)		 2
(0.1)		 14
(0.6)		 53
(2.1)		 77
(3.0)		 77
(3.0)		 481
(18.9)
Mean monthly sunshine hours 175 191 219 276 322 352 387 363 281 235 181 180 3,162
Source 1: Climate-data.org[5]
Source 2: weather-and-climate.com[6]

Economy
The Aqua Shopping centre in Portimão
Praia da Rocha attracts numerous tourists

The community, which was founded on the right margin of the Arade River, and oriented towards the sea, is inserted in a region whose geography and physical characteristics justify a seafaring economy. Its maritime economy allowed the development of industries oriented towards salination of fish, the open-water fishing industry, conservation and canning, the construction of ships and transport. Further, the Arade basin permitted rural commerce associated with cultivation of carob, fig, almonds and the saw-milling/forestry industry (including cork), among others.

In the last quarter of the 20th century, tourism became an accentuated economic factor in the regions growth, with the development of activities oriented towards the sea and development of seasonal infrastructures that permitted an influx of new money. By the beginning of the 21st century, 74% of the roughly 2000 annual overnight stays originated from the United Kingdom, Portugal and Ireland. Seasonal concentration (44%) usually occurred around the high-summer months (July, August and September).

The Algarve in general is a major draw for tourists. In 2018, the region's income from tourism was over a billion euros; the number of visitors totaled 4.2 million. The region's tourism contributed €1.08 billion to the economy in that year. [7]

Architecture

Prehistoric

Civic

Sports

Portimão is known for its sporting events, mostly water sports, including surfing and kitesurfing; motorsport; beach soccer; and the professional football team Portimonense S.C..

Team sports

Portimonense S.C. is the local sports club, with team in such sports such as basketball. It is best known for its professional association football section, who play at the Estádio Municipal de Portimão. In the summer, a beach soccer tournament called the Mundialito de Futebol de Praia ('Little World Cup') is held.

Sailing

Being located on the South coast of Portugal, Portimão is well known in the sailing world for being an ideal location for sailing on the Atlantic Ocean, boasting much calmer seas and weather conditions than the Western coastline.

Portimão is the host venue for many prestigious sailing events including the annual Portimão, Portugal Match Cup event which is a part of the World Match Racing Tour. The event draws the world's best sailing teams to Portimão. The identical supplied (SM-40) boats are raced two at a time. Points accrued count towards the World Match Race Tour and a place in the final event of the season, with the overall winner taking the title ISAF World Match Racing Tour Champion. Match racing is an ideal sport for spectators in Portimão.

Powerboating

The Portimão coastline has also been host to the sport of powerboating. The Portuguese Grand Prix of the Sea run by Powerboat P1 as part of its international championship is also held in Portimão.

Motorsport

In the hills near Portimão stands the Autódromo Internacional do Algarve. Finished in October 2008, it is a race and test circuit officially recognised for the highest categories both for cars and motorcycles. Superbike races, Le Mans Series races and F1 tests are scheduled. The Lisbon to Dakar Rally passed through here.

Rhythmic gymnastics

There is also an annual grand prix of rhythmic gymnastics, with an individual all-round competition, a team all-round competition, and finals by apparatus and by group at senior and junior levels.

Scuba Diving

The Ocean Revival Project saw 4 Portuguese Navy Warships deliberately sunk to form the largest single artificial reef structure in the world.

Town Twinning
Main article: List of twin towns and sister cities in Portugal

The following places are sister cities to Portimão:

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See also

References
  1. Detail Regional Map, Algarve- Southern Portugal, ISBN 3-8297-6235-6
  2. Instituto Nacional de Estatística
  3. "Áreas das freguesias, concelhos, distritos e país". Archived from the original on 5 November 2018. Retrieved 5 November 2018.
  4. Diário da República. "Law nr. 11-A/2013, page 552 99" (pdf) (in Portuguese). Retrieved 29 July 2014.
  5. "Portimão Climate". climate-data.org. 2020. Retrieved on April 12, 2020.
  6. "Average Monthly Hours Of Sunshine In Praia Da Rocha (Algarve), Portugal". weather-and-climate. 2020. Retrieved on April 11, 2020.
  7. "Algarve tourism figures now in for 2018". Algarve Daily News. 14 February 2019. Retrieved 25 November 2019.
Municipality of Faro District (Algarve)

Albufeira
Alcoutim
Aljezur
Castro Marim
Faro
Lagoa
Lagos
Loulé
Monchique
Olhão
Portimão
São Brás de Alportel
Silves (Portugal)
Tavira
Vila do Bispo
Vila Real de Santo António
Albufeira Alcoutim Aljezur Castro Marim Faro Lagoa Lagos Loulé Monchique Olhão Portimão São Brás de Alportel Silves Tavira Vila do Bispo Vila Real de Santo António
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