Polstead

Polstead is a village and civil parish in the Babergh district of Suffolk, England. The village lies 3 miles (4.8 km) northeast of Nayland, 5 miles (8 km) southwest of Hadleigh and 9 miles (14 km) north of Colchester. It is situated on a small tributary stream of the River Stour.

Polstead

Church of St Mary, Polstead
Polstead
Location within Suffolk
Population851 (2011)[1]
OS grid referenceTL991374
Civil parish
  • Polstead
District
Shire county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townColchester
Postcode districtCO6
Dialling code01206
PoliceSuffolk
FireSuffolk
AmbulanceEast of England
UK Parliament
Memorial to Maria Marten

History

The name Polstead is derived from "Place by a pool"[2] There are still two large ponds in the village.

The village is noted for being the site of the Red Barn Murder in 1827. The victim Maria Marten, once found, was re-buried in the churchyard of St Mary's Church, but her gravestone was eventually chipped away to nothing by souvenir hunters. Only a sign on a shed wall now marks the approximate place where it stood,[3] although her name is given to Marten's Lane which adjoins Water Lane and Mill Street.

The church, situated at the bottom of Polstead Hill, close to Polstead Pond, dates from the 12th century and contains some of what may be the earliest bricks made in England. The tower, which is 14th-century, is the only one in Suffolk which still has its original spire, although Pevsner says the spire is later than the tower.[4] The tower at one time contained six bells. The interior of the church contains two brasses, one of which is of a priest and bears a date of 1460.[4][5]

Polstead Hall

Next to the churchyard is Polstead Hall, rebuilt in the Georgian style in about 1819. In the grounds of the hall are the remains of the "Gospel Oak", which collapsed in 1953, but which is believed to have been the tree under which Saint Cedd preached to the heathen Anglo-Saxons. A small oak tree now grows next to the place it once stood.[3]

Features

The main village is situated around Polstead Green and the Hill, although Polstead also comprises several hamlets including Polstead Heath, Hadleigh Heath, Bower House Tye, Bell's Corner, Mill Street and Whitestreet Green.

The village has one remaining pub, the 17th century Cock Inn, a community shop and post office and a playing field. The playing field, known locally as the pitch, hosts an annual music festival around the summer solstice called "Polstice", with local punk, folk and rock bands playing. In the 19th century a fair, lasting for two days, was held on Polstead Green on the Wednesday following 16 July.[5]

Polstead is famous for its cherries and lends its name to a variety, the Polstead Black.[3] In recent years more Polstead Black cherry trees have been planted in and around the village, as these trees had declined in numbers.[6]

The Cock Inn, scene of the inquest after the 1827 Red Barn Murder

Bower House Tye

Bower House Tye is a hamlet near the A1071 road within the parish.[7] There are five Listed buildings: Bower House,[8] Brewery Farmhouse,[9] Holly Cottage,[10] Holmwood Cottages 1 and 2[11] en The Bower Close.[12]

Hadleigh Heath

A Baptist chapel was erected in Hadleigh Heath in 1801 and was removed to Polstead in 1849.[13]

Polstead Heath

A primitive Methodist chapel was erected in Polstead Heath in 1838.[13]

Notable residents
  • Sir (Frank) Patrick Bishop (1900–1972), advertising copywriter, barrister, businessman and Conservative Party politician
  • Eric Buckley (1868–1948), Archdeacon of Sudbury, the first Archdeacon of Ipswich and Rector of Polstead from 1921 to 1945
  • Air Chief Marshal Sir Gareth Clayton (1914–1992) senior Royal Air Force officer who served as Air Secretary from 1970 to 1972
  • Percy Edwards (1908–1996), animal impersonator, ornithologist and entertainer
  • Simon Gales (born 1964), artist
  • R. P. Keigwin (1883–1972), academic and cricketer
  • Ruth Rendell, Baroness Rendell of Babergh, CBE (1930-2015), author of thrillers and psychological murder mysteries
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See also

References
  1. "Civil Parish population 2011". Retrieved 12 September 2015.
  2. Eilert Ekwall, The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-names, OUP, Fourth Edition (1960)
  3. "Polstead" at beautifulengland.net Archived 2012-06-03 at the Wayback Machine
  4. Nikolaus Pevsner (1961), Buildings_of_England: Suffolk, Penguin, Polstead.
  5. Polstead at genuki
  7. "Ordnance Survey Leisure getamap, ideal for route planning including walking routes, running routes and cycling routes". ordnancesurvey.co.uk.
  8. "Bower House – Polstead – Suffolk – England – British Listed Buildings". britishlistedbuildings.co.uk.
  9. "Brewery Farmhouse – Polstead – Suffolk – England – British Listed Buildings". britishlistedbuildings.co.uk.
  10. "Holly Cottage – Polstead – Suffolk – England – British Listed Buildings". britishlistedbuildings.co.uk.
  11. "Holmwood Cottages – Polstead – Suffolk – England – British Listed Buildings". britishlistedbuildings.co.uk.
  12. "The Bower Close – Polstead – Suffolk – England – British Listed Buildings". britishlistedbuildings.co.uk.
  13. "Suffolk Returns from the Census of Religious Worship of 1851". T. C. B. Timmins, David Percy Dymond. Retrieved 27 October 2018.

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