Point Charles Light

Point Charles Light, known officially as the Charles Point Lighthouse,[1] is an active lighthouse located on a headland at the northern end of the Cox Peninsula,[1] 21 kilometres (13 mi) northwest of Port Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.[2] Established in 1893, it is the oldest lighthouse in the Northern Territory.[3] [4][5]

Point Charles Light
Point Charles Light, view from sea
Northern Territory
LocationCox Peninsula[1]
Northern Territory
Australia
Coordinates12°23′21.44″S 130°37′50.45″E
Year first constructed1893
Automated1933
Deactivated1971-1974
Constructioncast wrought iron skeletal tower
Tower shapehexagonal tower with central cylinder, balcony and lantern
Markings / patternred tower with a horizontal white band and white lantern
Tower height105 feet (32 m)
Focal height128 feet (39 m)
Original lens1st order Chance Brothers dioptric
Light sourcesolar power]
Intensity37,000 cd.
Range17 nmi (31 km; 20 mi)
CharacteristicFl W 5s
Admiralty numberK3322
NGA number111-9524
ARLHS numberAUS-056
Managing agentAustralian Maritime Safety Authority

History
Plans from 1889 showing proposed sites for lighthouses at Point Charles and Point Emery.

Many ships were wrecked in the approach to Port Darwin in the 1880s, and the Marine Board recommended in 1888 that lights should be erected at Capes Fourcroy and Don and Points Emery and Charles. Funds for the Point Charles and Point Emery lights were raised by a loan, and the contract for the Point Charles light went to Chance Bros of Birmingham, England who packed the lighthouse in crates and shipped it to Adelaide in 1891. The contents were shipped aboard the SS Inaminka to Port Darwin, and after a short period by the SS Airie to Point Charles, where construction began in 1892. Though the construction was to be finished before 8 September 1892, the rusty condition of the lighthouse when it was unpacked caused a delay, and the lighthouse was officially opened on 1 February 1893 by Charles James Dashwood, the Government Resident of the Northern Territory of the day.[6]

Historic view of Point Charles Light, circa 1910. Lighthouse keepers' cottages are also visible.

The 92 feet (28 m)[6] tower was constructed of wrought iron, and consisted of a central tube almost 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) in diameter, with struts and braces. A spiral staircase inside the tube leads to the lantern room on top of the gallery.[2] The lantern housed a revolving 1st order dioptric lens, and the original light source was a vapourised kerosene burner, producing a light intensity of 100,000 cd. The burners were replaced by "Trinity" burners in 1894 due to an insect problem. The light characteristic was one white flash every 30 seconds, with red and green sectors (Fl.W.R.G. 30s).[6] The focal height was 36 metres (118 ft), and the light was visible for 17 nautical miles (31 km; 20 mi), including from Darwin.[2]

Several galvanised iron lighthouse keepers' cottages were also constructed, with wooden floors and verandahs.[2]

In 1932, a decision was made to change the light source to acetylene gas (carbide lamp) and automate the lighthouse. The lighthouse was automated and demanned in 1933, and continued to work automatically until 1971. In 1965, Radio Australia installed tall transmission masts at the area with powerful lamps atop them. These were visible for 22 nautical miles (41 km; 25 mi) and made the lighthouse obsolete. In 1971 the light was extinguished and the tower became a day marker. However, this was not to stay for long. On Christmas Eve 1974, Cyclone Tracy devastated the area, causing extensive damage to the Radio Australia masts. The Lighthouse survived almost intact, and within a month, a small low-powered lamp had been installed, operating on batteries.[6]

In 1986, it was listed on the now-defunct Register of the National Estate.[7]

In May 1982 standby diesel powered alternators were installed. In July 1982 the tower was finally fully electrified, and a powerful 1,000,000 cd lamp was installed.[6] This was later replaced by a much lower power, but also lower cost, solar powered light.[2]

The current light source is a solar powered 12 volt Halogen Lamp, with an intensity of 37,000 cd.[2] The light characteristic shown is a white flash every five seconds (Fl.W. 5s). The light is visible for 17 nautical miles (31 km; 20 mi)[8]

Access and operation

The Radio Australia facility was closed in July 1997.[9] Since then, the facility is leased by the Department of Finance and Administration to the Christian Voice Broadcasting Service (CVC), which fenced the area in 2003 and prevented public access to the site.[3][10] However, CVC's lease expired in June 2010,[11] and as of November 2010, road access to the lighthouse is available via existing agreements with the indigenous land holders.

The light is operated by the Australian Maritime Safety Authority,[12] which accesses the site by helicopter.[10]

gollark: There are tons of ethical theories. Utilitarianism. Various deontological (I do not know if I'm spelling that right) ones. Virtue ethics-y ones.
gollark: I think they aren't *objectively true*, but worth doing things about despite to some degree reducing to arbitrary preferences.
gollark: There *is* ethical philosophy other than utilitarianism you know?
gollark: Which is only "wrong"/"bad" according to whatever ethical standard.
gollark: Arbitrary preference™.

See also

Notes
  1. ""Charles Point Lighthouse"". NT Place Names Register. Northern Territory Government. Retrieved 29 June 2020.
  2. Lighthouses of Australia Inc.
  3. Rowlett.
  4. "Point Charles Lighthouse". The Northern Territory Times and Gazette. National Library of Australia. 6 August 1914. p. 14. Retrieved 27 June 2012.
  5. "CONCERNING PEOPLE". The Register. Adelaide: National Library of Australia. 5 June 1907. p. 6. Retrieved 8 October 2013.
  6. Foley 1987.
  7. "Charles Point Lighthouse Group, Charles Point Rd, Mandorah (sic), NT, Australia - listing on the now-defunct Register of the National Estate (Place ID 25)". Australian Heritage Database. Department of the Environment. 25 March 1986. Retrieved 29 April 2019.
  8. List of Lights
  9. Radio Australia.
  10. Gray 2003.
  11. Gupta 2010.
  12. Though Rowlett presumes it is operated by the Darwin Port Corporation, Gray 2003 authoritatively states AMSA operates it.

References
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