Pithecoctenium

Pithecoctenium, monkey's-comb,[1] is a Bignoniaceae genus of some 20 species of climbing shrubs occurring in the Caribbean and Tropical South America from Brazil to Mexico. Leaves are opposite with 3 entire and stalked leaflets, the terminal leaflet sometimes being modified into a tendril. The genus has distinctive prickly capsules.[2] The white or violet flowers are in simple racemes, sometimes branched. The genus is closely related to Bignonia and Anemopaegma.

Pithecoctenium
fruit of Pithecoctenium sp.
Scientific classification
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Genus:
Pithecoctenium
Species

About 20, see text

Pithecoctenium crucigerum (L.) A.H. Gentry has become an invasive weed in Australia.[3] Chemical investigation of methanol extracted from this species yielded the iridoid glycoside theviridoside along with five phenylethanoid glycosides (verbascoside, isoverbascoside, forsythoside B, jionoside D and leucosceptoside B), these last all active against DPPH.[4]

Pithecoctenium translates to 'monkey comb'.

Species

  • Pithecoctenium carolinae
  • Pithecoctenium crucigerum
  • Pithecoctenium cynanchoides
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References

  1. "Pithecoctenium". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. Retrieved 6 October 2015.
  2. Dictionary of Gardening - Royal Horticultural Society (1956)
  3. http://www.backyardnature.net/mexnat/monkcomb.htm
  4. "Iridoid glycosides from the stems of Pithecoctenium crucigerum (Bignoniaceae)". Phytochemistry. 68 (9): 1307–11. May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.02.002. PMID 17382978.
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