Pinalia

Pinalia, commonly known as gremlin orchids,[2] is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are large epiphytic or lithophytic plants with prominent pseudobulbs, each with up to three thin, flat leaves and cup-shaped, relatively short-lived flowers with scale-like brown hairs on the outside. There are about 120 species occurring from tropical to subtropical Asia to the south-west Pacific.

Pinalia
Pinalia amica
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
(unranked):
Angiosperms
(unranked):
Monocots
Order:
Asparagales
Family:
Orchidaceae
Subfamily:
Epidendroideae
Tribe:
Podochileae
Subtribe:
Eriinae
Genus:
Pinalia

Synonyms[1]

Description

Orchids in the genus Pinalia are epiphytic or lithophytic, rarely terrestrial herbs with prominent, fleshy pseudobulbs that are covered with papery brown bracts when young. Each pseudobulb has up to three thin, leathery, linear to lance-shaped leaves. The flowers are resupinate, usually cup-shaped and last for a few days. The dorsal sepal is narrower than the lateral sepals which are attached at their base to the column to form a small ledge. The labellum is hinged to the base of the column and has three relatively small lobes.[2][3][4]

Taxonomy and naming

The genus Pinali was first formally described in 1826 by John Lindley who published the description in Orchidearum Sceletos.[1][5] The name Pinalia is based on an unpublished name suggested by Francis Buchanan-Hamilton, derived from a Nepalese word meaning a type of forest yam.[6]

Species list

The following is a list of Pinalia species accepted by the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families as at January 2019:

  • Pinalia acervata (Lindl.) Kuntze
  • Pinalia acutifolia (Lindl.) Kuntze
  • Pinalia acutissima (Rchb.f.) Ormerod
  • Pinalia affinis (Griff.) Ormerod
  • Pinalia amica (Rchb.f.) Kuntze
  • Pinalia angustifolia J.J.Wood
  • Pinalia apertiflora (Summerh.) A.N.Rao
  • Pinalia appendiculata (Blume) Kuntze
  • Pinalia baeuerleniana (Kraenzl.) Ormerod
  • Pinalia barbifrons (Kraenzl.) W.Suarez & Cootes
  • Pinalia bicolor (Lindl.) Kuntze
  • Pinalia bicristata (Blume) Kuntze
  • Pinalia bipunctata (Lindl.) Kuntze
  • Pinalia bractescens (Lindl.) Kuntze
  • Pinalia brownei (Braid) Ormerod
  • Pinalia carnicolor (Ames) W.Suarez & Cootes
  • Pinalia cepifolia (Ridl.) J.J.Wood
  • Pinalia compacta (Ames) W.Suarez & Cootes
  • Pinalia concolor (C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f.) Kuntze
  • Pinalia conferta (S.C.Chen & Z.H.Tsi) S.C.Chen & J.J.Wood.
  • Pinalia connata (J.Joseph, S.N.Hegde & Abbar.) Ormerod & E.W.Wood
  • Pinalia curranii (Leav.) W.Suarez & Cootes
  • Pinalia cycloglossa (Schltr.) Ormerod
  • Pinalia cylindrostachya (Ames) W.Suarez & Cootes
  • Pinalia dagamensis (Ames) W.Suarez & Cootes
  • Pinalia dasypus (Rchb.f.) Kuntze
  • Pinalia daymaniana Ormerod
  • Pinalia densa (Ridl.) W.Suarez & Cootes
  • Pinalia distans P.O'Byrne & Gokusing
  • Pinalia donnaiensis (Gagnep.) S.C.Chen & J.J.Wood
  • Pinalia elata (Hook.f.) Kuntze
  • Pinalia erecta (Blume) Kuntze
  • Pinalia eriopsidobulbon (C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f.) Kuntze
  • Pinalia excavata Lindl.) Kuntze
  • Pinalia fitzalanii (F.Muell.) Kuntze
  • Pinalia flavescens (Blume) Kuntze
  • Pinalia floribunda (Lindl.) Kuntze
  • Pinalia formosana (Rolfe) Ormerod
  • Pinalia glabra (Schltr.) Ormerod
  • Pinalia globulifera (Seidenf.) A.N.Rao
  • Pinalia graciliscapa (Rolfe) J.J.Wood
  • Pinalia graminifolia (Lindl.) Kuntze
  • Pinalia hutchinsoniana (Ames) W.Suarez & Cootes
  • Pinalia japonica (Maxim.) Ormerod
  • Pinalia jarensis (Ames) W.Suarez & Cootes
  • Pinalia lancifolia (Hook.f.) Kuntze
  • Pinalia lancilabris (Schltr.) Ormerod
  • Pinalia lanuginosa (J.J.Wood) J.J.Wood
  • Pinalia latiuscula (Ames & C.Schweinf.) J.J.Wood
  • Pinalia leavittii (Kraenzl.) W.Suarez & Cootes
  • Pinalia leucantha Kuntze
  • Pinalia lineata (Lindl.) Kuntze
  • Pinalia lineoligera (Rchb.f.) Ormerod
  • Pinalia longicruris (Leav.) W.Suarez & Cootes
  • Pinalia longilabris (Lindl.) W.Suarez & Cootes
  • Pinalia longlingensis (S.C.Chen) S.C.Chen & J.J.Wood
  • Pinalia lyonii (Leav.) W.Suarez & Cootes
  • Pinalia maboroensis (Schltr.) Ormerod
  • Pinalia macera (Ames) W.Suarez & Cootes
  • Pinalia mafuluensis Ormerod
  • Pinalia maingayi (Hook.f.) Kuntze
  • Pinalia maquilingensis (Ames) W.Suarez & Cootes
  • Pinalia merguensis (Lindl.) Kuntze
  • Pinalia merrittii (Ames) W.Suarez & Cootes
  • Pinalia microchila (Ames) W.Suarez & Cootes
  • Pinalia microglossa (Schltr.) Ormerod
  • Pinalia multiflora (Blume) Kuntze
  • Pinalia myristiciformis (Hook.) Kuntze
  • Pinalia mysorensis (Lindl.) Kuntze
  • Pinalia nielsenii Cootes, Cabactulan & M.Leon
  • Pinalia obesa (Lindl.) Kuntze
  • Pinalia obvia (W.W.Sm.) S.C.Chen & J.J.Wood
  • Pinalia oligotricha (Schltr.) T.C.Hsu
  • Pinalia ovata (Lindl.) W.Suarez & Cootes
  • Pinalia pachyphylla (Aver.) S.C.Chen & J.J.Wood
  • Pinalia pachystachya (Lindl.) Kuntze
  • Pinalia pandurata (Schltr.) Ormerod
  • Pinalia philippinensis (Ames) W.Suarez & Cootes
  • Pinalia polystachya (A.Rich.) Kuntze
  • Pinalia polyura (Lindl.) Kuntze
  • Pinalia profusa (Lindl.) Kuntze
  • Pinalia puguahaanensis (Ames) W.Suarez & Cootes
  • Pinalia pumila (Lindl.) Kuntze
  • Pinalia punctata (J.J.Sm.) J.J.Wood
  • Pinalia quinquangularis (J.J.Sm.) Ormerod
  • Pinalia quinquelamellosa (Tang & F.T.Wang) S.C.Chen & J.J.Wood
  • Pinalia ramosa (Ames) W.Suarez & Cootes
  • Pinalia recurvata (Hook.f.) Kuntze
  • Pinalia reticosa (Wight) Kuntze
  • Pinalia rhodoptera (Rchb.f.) W.Suarez & Cootes
  • Pinalia rhynchostyloides (O'Brien) Y.P.Ng & P.J.Cribb
  • Pinalia rimannii (Rchb.f.) Kuntze.
  • Pinalia ringens (Rchb.f.) Kuntze
  • Pinalia saccifera (Hook.f.) Kuntze
  • Pinalia semirepens Ormerod
  • Pinalia senilis (Ames) W.Suarez & Cootes
  • Pinalia serrulata Ormerod,
  • Pinalia shanensis (King & Pantl.) Ormerod
  • Pinalia sharmae (H.J.Chowdhery, G.S.Giri & G.D.Pal) A.N.Rao
  • Pinalia shiuyingiana Ormerod & E.W.Wood
  • Pinalia spicata (D.Don) S.C.Chen & J.J.Wood
  • Pinalia stricta (Lindl.) Kuntze
  • Pinalia sublobulata Ormerod
  • Pinalia szetschuanica (Schltr.) S.C.Chen & J.J.Wood
  • Pinalia taylorii (Ames) W.Suarez & Cootes
  • Pinalia tenuiflora (Ridl.) J.J.Wood
  • Pinalia tricolor (Thwaites) Kuntze
  • Pinalia tridens (Ames) W.Suarez & Cootes
  • Pinalia trilophota (Lindl. ex B.D.Jacks.) Ormerod
  • Pinalia truncicola (Schltr.) Ormerod
  • Pinalia vagans (Schltr.) Ormerod
  • Pinalia ventricosa (Leav.) W.Suarez & Cootes
  • Pinalia woodiana (Ames) W.Suarez & Cootes
  • Pinalia xanthocheila (Ridl.) W.Suarez & Cootes
  • Pinalia yunnanensis (S.C.Chen & Z.H.Tsi) S.C.Chen & J.J.Wood

Distribution

Orchids in the genus Pinalia occur in China (about 17 species), Japan, the Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, the Indian subcontinent, the Andaman Islands, Laos, Myanmar, the Nicobar Islands, Thailand, Vietnam, Borneo, Java, the Lesser Sunda Islands, Peninsular Malaysia, the Maluku Islands, the Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Queensland (Australia) and Samoa.[1]

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References
  1. "Pinalia". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  2. Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. p. 473. ISBN 1877069124.
  3. "Pinalia". Trin keys. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  4. Chen, Xinqi; Luo, Yi-Bo; Wood, Jeffrey J. "Pinalia". Flora of China. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  5. "Pinalis". APNI. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  6. Naive, Mark Arcebal; Ormerod, Paul (2018). "Pinalia jimcootesii (Orchidaceae: Eriinae), une nouvelle espèce endémique du sud des Philippines" (PDF). l'Orchidophile. 217: 141. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
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