Perkinsus

Perkinsus is a genus of alveolates in the phylum Perkinsozoa. The genus was erected in 1978 to better treat its type species, Perkinsus marinus, known formerly as Dermocystidium marinum.[1] These are parasitic protozoans that infect molluscs, at least some of which cause disease and mass mortality. P. marinus is the most notorious, causing the disease perkinsosis, or dermo, in wild and farmed oysters.[2]

Perkinsus
Scientific classification
Domain:
Eukaryota
(unranked):
SAR
(unranked):
Alveolata
Phylum:
Perkinsozoa
Class:
Perkinsea
Order:
Perkinsida
Family:
Perkinsidae
Genus:
Perkinsus

Levine, 1978
Species

7-8, see text

As of 2004, six valid species were in the genus.[1] At least two more have been described since then.[3][4]

Species and common hosts include:

  • Perkinsus andrewsi on Baltic clam (Macoma balthica)[5]
  • Perkinsus beihaiensis on the oysters Magallana hongkongensis and M. ariakensis[3]
  • Perkinsus chesapeaki on soft-shell clam (Mya arenaria)[6]
  • Perkinsus honshuensis on Manila clam (Venerupis philippinarum)[4]
  • Perkinsus marinus on eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica)
  • Perkinsus mediterraneus on European flat oyster (Ostrea edulis)[7]
  • Perkinsus olseni (syn. P. atlanticus) on blacklip abalone (Haliotis rubra) and grooved carpet shell (Ruditapes decussatus)[8]
  • Perkinsus qugwadii on yesso scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis)

P. andrewsi and P. chesapeaki might be the same species; because the latter was described first, the name P. andrewsi will be a synonym.[9]

References
  1. Villalba, A.; et al. (2004). "Perkinsosis in molluscs: a review" (PDF). Aquatic Living Resources. 17 (04): 411–32. doi:10.1051/alr:2004050.
  2. Petty, D. Perkinsus Infections of Bivalve Molluscs. FA178. Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. Florida Cooperative Extension Service. University of Florida IFAS. 2010.
  3. Moss, J. A.; et al. (2008). "Description of Perkinsus beihaiensis n. sp., a new Perkinsus sp. parasite in oysters of southern China" (PDF). Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology. 55 (2): 117–30. doi:10.1111/j.1550-7408.2008.00314.x.
  4. Dungan, C. F.; Reece, K. S. (2006). "In vitro propagation of two Perkinsus spp. parasites from Japanese Manila clams, Venerupis philippinarum, and description of Perkinsus honshuensis n. sp". J Eukaryot Microbiol. 53 (5): 316–26. doi:10.1111/j.1550-7408.2006.00120.x. PMID 16968449.
  5. Coss, C. A.; et al. (2001). "Description of Perkinsus andrewsi n. sp. isolated from the Baltic clam (Macoma balthica) by characterization of the ribosomal RNA locus, and development of a species-specific PCR-based diagnostic assay". J Eukaryot Microbiol. 48 (1): 52–61. doi:10.1111/j.1550-7408.2001.tb00415.x. PMID 11249193.
  6. McLaughlin, S. M.; et al. (2000). "Zoosporulation of a new Perkinsus species isolated from the gills of the softshell clam Mya arenaria". Parasite. 7 (2): 115–22. doi:10.1051/parasite/2000072115. PMID 10887658.
  7. Casas, S. M.; et al. (2004). "Perkinsus mediterraneus n. sp., a protistan parasite of the European flat oyster Ostrea edulis from the Balearic Islands, Mediterranean Sea" (PDF). Dis Aquat Org. 58 (2–3): 231–44. doi:10.3354/dao058231.
  8. Azevedo, C (August 1989). "Fine structure of Perkinsus atlanticus n. sp. (Apicomplexa, Perkinsea) parasite of the clam Ruditapes decussatus from Portugal". The Journal of Parasitology. 75 (4): 627–35. doi:10.2307/3282915. PMID 2760774.
  9. Burreson, E. M.; et al. (2005). "Molecular, morphological, and experimental evidence support the synonymy of Perkinsus chesapeaki and Perkinsus andrewsi". J Eukaryot Microbiol. 52 (3): 258–70. doi:10.1111/j.1550-7408.2005.05-00035.x. PMID 15927003.
  • Guiry, M. D. & G. M. Guiry. 2013. Perkinsus Levine, 1978. AlgaeBase. National University of Ireland, Galway. Accessed 8 September 2013.
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