Peripheral edema

Peripheral edema is edema (accumulation of fluid causing swelling) in tissues perfused by the peripheral vascular system, usually in the lower limbs. In the most dependent parts of the body (those hanging distally), it may be called dependent edema.

Peripheral edema
Other namesPeripheral oedema[1], dependent edema
Leg edema

Cause

The condition is commonly associated with vascular and cardiac changes associated with aging but can be caused by many other conditions, including congestive heart failure, kidney failure, liver cirrhosis, portal hypertension, trauma, alcoholism, altitude sickness, pregnancy, hypertension, sickle cell anemia, a compromised lymphatic system or merely long periods of time sitting or standing without moving.[2] Some medicines (e.g. amlodipine, pregabalin) may also cause or worsen the condition.[3]

Prognosis

Successful treatment depends on control of the underlying cause. Severe swelling can cause permanent damage to nerves, resulting in peripheral neuropathy. Many cases from temporary or minor causes resolve on their own, with no lasting damage.[3]

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References
  1. 'Oedema' is the standard form defined in the Concise Oxford English Dictionary (2011), with the precision that the spelling in the United States is 'edema'.
  2. Cho S, Atwood J (2002). "Peripheral edema". Am J Med. 113 (7): 580–6. doi:10.1016/S0002-9343(02)01322-0. PMID 12459405.
  3. "Lyrica – Pregabalin Capsule". Parke-Davis Division of Pfizer Incorporated. December 2016. Retrieved 24 April 2017.
Classification


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