J. C. Penney

J. C. Penney Company, Inc. (doing business as JCPenney and abbreviated JCP) is an American department store chain with 840 locations in 49 U.S. states and Puerto Rico.[8] In addition to selling conventional merchandise, JCPenney offers large Fine Jewelry departments, The Salon by InStyle, and Sephora inside JCPenney. JCPenney stores often house several leased departments such as, Seattle's Best Coffee, optical centers, and portrait studios.

This article is about the department store chain. For its founder, see James Cash Penney. For the Irish retail chain branded Penneys, see Primark.

J. C. Penney Company, Inc.
JCPenney
Public
Traded asOTC Pink: JCPNQ
ISINUS7081601061 
IndustryRetail
FateChapter 11 bankruptcy protection
FoundedApril 14, 1902 (1902-04-14)
Kemmerer, Wyoming, U.S.
FoundersJames Cash Penney
William Henry McManus
Headquarters6501 Legacy Drive,
Plano, Texas
,
U.S.
Number of locations
840 (April 2020)[1]
598 (by 2022)
Area served
United States
Key people
Ronald Tysoe (Chairman)
Jill Soltau (CEO)
Bill Wafford (CFO)
Shawn Gensch (CCO)
Products
  • Clothing
  • cosmetics
  • electronics
  • footwear
  • furniture
  • housewares
  • jewelry
  • toys
  • appliances
Revenue US$11.167 billion (FY2020)[2]
US$−8 million (FY2020)[1]
US$−268 million (FY2020)[2]
Total assets US$7.989 billion (FY2020)[2]
Total equity US$829 million (FY2020)[2]
Number of employees
90,000 (Jan. 2020)[3][4]
Websitejcpenney.com
Footnotes / references
[5][6][7]

Most JCPenney stores are located in suburban shopping malls. Before 1966, most of its stores were located in downtown areas. As shopping malls became more popular during the later half of the 20th century, JCPenney began relocating and developing stores to anchor the malls. In more recent years, the chain has continued to follow consumer traffic, echoing the retailing trend of opening some freestanding stores, including some next door to competitors. Certain stores are located in power centers. The company has been an Internet retailer since 1998. It has streamlined its catalog and distribution while undergoing renovation improvements at store level.

On May 15, 2020, JCPenney announced it had filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection.[9]

Early history
First J. C. Penney store in Kemmerer, Wyoming. Originally called The Golden Rule Store

James Cash Penney was born in Hamilton, Missouri. After graduating from high school, Penney worked for a local retailer. He relocated to Colorado at the advice of a doctor, hoping that a better climate would improve his health.[10] In 1898, Penney went to work for Thomas Callahan and Guy Johnson, who owned dry goods stores called Golden Rule stores in Colorado and Wyoming.[11] In 1899, Callahan sent Penney to Evanston, Wyoming, to work with Johnson in another Golden Rule store.[11] Callahan and Johnson asked Penney to join them in opening a new Golden Rule store. Using money from savings and a loan, Penney joined the partnership and moved with his wife and infant son to Kemmerer, Wyoming, to start his own store.[11] Penney opened the store on April 14, 1902.[11] He participated in the creation of two more stores and purchased full interest in all three locations when Callahan and Johnson dissolved their partnership in 1907. In 1909, Penney moved his company headquarters to Salt Lake City, Utah to be closer to banks and railroads. By 1912, Penney had 34 stores in the Rocky Mountain States. In 1913, all stores were consolidated under the J. C. Penney banner. The so-called "mother store", in Kemmerer, opened as the chain's second location in 1904. It still operates, as of 2018, albeit with shorter hours than many other locations, and is closed on Sundays.

In 1913, the company was incorporated under the new name, J. C. Penney Company, with William Henry McManus as a co-founder. In 1914, the headquarters was moved to New York City to simplify buying, financing, and transportation of goods.[12] By 1917, the company operated 175 stores in 22 states in the United States. J. C. Penney acquired The Crescent Corset Company in 1920, the company's first wholly owned subsidiary. In 1922, the company's oldest active private brand, Big Mac work clothes, was launched. The company opened its 500th store in 1924 in Hamilton, Missouri, James Cash Penney's hometown. By the opening of the 1,000th store in 1928, gross business had reached $190 million (equivalent to $2.83 billion in 2020).

In 1940, Sam Walton began working at a J. C. Penney in Des Moines, Iowa. Walton later went on to found future retailer Walmart in 1962.[13] By 1941, J. C. Penney operated 1,600 stores in all 48 states. In 1956, J. C. Penney started national advertising with a series of advertisements in Life magazine. J. C. Penney credit cards were first issued in 1959.

Penney Building in Anchorage in 1964, following the earthquake.
Former Downtown Seattle store in 1982, with signage from the period when the chain was branded as Penneys and used a more stylized font in its logo. Pike Place Market is in the background.

In 1962, J. C. Penney entered discount merchandising with the acquisition of General Merchandise Company which gave them The Treasury stores. These discount operations proved unsuccessful and were shuttered in 1981. In 1963, J. C. Penney issued its first catalog. The company operated in-store catalog desks in eight states. The catalogs were distributed by the Milwaukee Catalog distribution center.

The company dedicated its first full-line, shopping center department store in 1961. This store was located at Black Horse Pike Center, in Audubon, New Jersey. The second full-line shopping center store was dedicated, at King of Prussia Plaza, in King of Prussia, Pennsylvania in late 1962. Those stores expanded the lines of merchandise and services that an average J. C. Penney carried to include appliances, sporting goods, garden merchandise, restaurants, beauty salons, portrait studios, auto parts, and auto centers.

J. C. Penney expanded to include Alaska and Hawaii in the 1960s. The company opened stores in Anchorage and Fairbanks, Alaska in 1962. The Penney Building in Anchorage partially collapsed and was damaged beyond repair in the 1964 Alaska earthquake.[14][15] The company rebuilt the store as a shorter building on a larger footprint and followed up by building Anchorage's first public parking garage, which opened in 1968.[16] In 1966, J. C. Penney "finished" its national expansion with the opening of its Honolulu, Hawaii store, at Ala Moana Center (all Hawaii stores were closed in 2003). The Penney store at Plaza Las Américas mall in San Juan, Puerto Rico, which opened in 1968, featured three levels and 261,500 square feet (24,290 m2). It was the largest J. C. Penney until a 300,000-square-foot (28,000 m2) store was dedicated at Greater Chicago's Woodfield Mall in 1971. The Woodfield Mall store served as the largest in the chain until a replacement store opened at Plaza Las Américas in 1998, which is 350,000 square feet (33,000 m2) in size. In 1969, the company acquired Thrift Drug, a chain of drugstores headquartered in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It also acquired Supermarkets Interstate, an Omaha-based food retailer which operated leased departments in J. C. Penney stores, The Treasury stores, and Thrift Drug stores.

Operations as J. C. Penney

1971–1999

On February 12, 1971, James Cash Penney died at the age of 95; the company's stores were closed the morning of his funeral on February 16.[17] That year, the company's revenues reached $5 billion (equivalent to $31.6 billion in 2020) for the first time and catalog business made a profit for the first time.[18] J. C. Penney reached its peak number of stores in 1973, with 2,053 stores, 300 of which were full-line establishments.[18] However, the company was hard hit by the 1974 recession with its stock price declining by two-thirds.[18] In 1977, J. C. Penney sold its stores in Italy to La Rinascente and also removed its Supermarkets Interstate leased departments. In 1980, the company closed the unprofitable Treasury discount stores in order to focus resources on its core retail stores.[18] In 1978, the J. C. Penney Historic District in Kemmerer, Wyoming, was designated a U.S. National Historic Landmark. In 1979, the Visa card began to be accepted in J. C. Penney stores. MasterCard was accepted the following year.[18]

Mall entrance of the now-closed J. C. Penney outlet store at the Jamestown Mall in Florissant, Missouri (1998)

In 1983, J. C. Penney discontinued its appliance, hardware, outdoor equipment, and auto center departments, and also sold its automotive centers to Firestone. Also in 1983, J. C. Penney began selling online through the Viewtron videotex service. That same year, fashion designer Roy Halston, signed a six-year, $1 billion deal with J. C. Penney to sell a line of affordable clothing, accessories, cosmetics, and perfumes ranging in price from $24 to $200. The move was considered controversial then as no other high-end designer up to that point in time had licensed their designs to a mid-price retailer. The line, named Halston III, would not last long, as it would be poorly received and discontinued after about a year. However, the business move paved the way for other such high-end designers to sell their products at stores of varying price ranges in the future.[19] In 1984, J. C. Penney acquired the First National Bank of Harrington, Delaware and renamed it J. C. Penney National Bank. With the acquisition of the bank, the company became able to issue its own MasterCard and Visa Inc. cards. The company also began accepting American Express cards. Also that year, Thrift Drug began co-locating stores with Weis Markets, and acquired many former Pantry Pride properties. In April 1987, the company announced that it was moving its headquarters to Plano, Texas.[20] After several years of development, the JCPenney Television Shopping Channel appeared on cable systems beginning in 1989. By the mid-1980s, all J. C. Penney stores had discontinued sales of firearms. Before this point, J. C. Penney carried rifles and shotguns branded as J. C. Penney but produced by numerous established firearms manufacturers.

The company headquarters in Plano, Texas broke ground in 1990 and was completed in 1992. When Sears closed its catalog business in 1993, J. C. Penney became the largest catalog retailer in the United States. In 1996, the company expanded its drug store business with the acquisition of Fay's Drug and Kerr Drug. These acquisitions momentum climaxed with the acquisition of the Eckerd chain in November. Fay's, Kerr, and Eckerd merged into J. C. Penney's drug store subsidiary Thrift Drug. Fay's, most Kerr, and Thrift drug stores were re-branded Eckerd in 1997. (Kerr Drug stores in The Carolinas remained branded as such because they were part of a group of stores that were divested because of trade competition issues raised during the merger.)[21] On December 9, 1998, the Times reported J. C. Penney will acquire controlling interest of Lojas Renner for a little over $ 33 million, which increases the company's maneuvering ability with their already existing units in Chile, Mexico and Puerto Rico.[22] In 1998, J. C. Penney launched its Internet store.

2000–2009
Exterior of the J. C. Penney store at the Richland Mall in Ontario, Ohio (2008)

In early 2001, J. C. Penney closed 44 under-performing stores. In 2001, J. C. Penney sold its direct-marketing insurance unit to Dutch insurer Aegon for $1.3 billion (equivalent to $1.88 billion in 2020) in cash in order to help refocus the company on retail.[23] In 2003, the company opened three stores in strip centers in Texas, Minnesota, and Indiana. The new one-level, 94,000 sq ft (8,700 m2) format stores focus on convenience with wider aisles and centralized checkouts.[24] In 2004, the company added 14 more stores and exited the drug store division after 35 years, with the sale of its Eckerd division. The company also sold its six Mexico stores to Grupo Carso, which rebranded five of the stores as Dorian's and the other one as Sears Mexico. In 2005, J. C. Penney's e-commerce storefront exceeded the one billion dollar revenue mark for the first time.At the same time in June, the company would sell-off its shares of Lojas Renner, the Brazilian-based retailer. Generating $260 million from the sale as it discontinues its operations with Renner, and its Latin American footholds as well[25]

In 2007, J. C. Penney launched the Ambrielle lingerie label, which became its largest private brand launched in the company's history.[26] J. C. Penney also re-introduced cosmetics with the opening of Sephora "stores-within-a-store" inside some J. C. Penney locations. Beginning in 2007, J. C. Penney's store slogan changed from "It's All Inside" to "Every Day Matters." The new slogan and associated ad campaign was launched in television commercials during the 79th Academy Awards in late February 2007. After J. C. Penney sold off Eckerd in 2004, the locations that continued to operate as Eckerd (some locations in the Southern U.S. were sold to CVS Corporation) still had J. C. Penney Catalog Centers inside the stores (which was a carryover from locations that were once Thrift Drug) and also continued to accept J. C. Penney credit cards. After Rite Aid finalized its acquisition of Eckerd in 2007, the Catalog Centers inside the soon-to-be-converted stores permanently closed. Although as a result of the acquisition, Rite Aid now accepts J. C. Penney credit cards, even at Rite Aid locations that existed before the acquisition of Eckerd. In November 2007, the company launched a new public website, JCPenneyBrands.com, which covers the company's private and exclusive brands and its branding strategy, as well as a preview of an upcoming product line.

Exterior of the big-box format J. C. Penney store in Houston, Texas (2009)

In February 2008, the company launched the "American Living" brand, as developed by Ralph Lauren, across several product lines. The launch, which was accompanied by an ad campaign during the 80th Academy Awards, was the company's largest private brand launch.[27] That summer, J. C. Penney also added a new brand to its home collection, "Linden Street." The Linden Street brand features a contemporary lifestyle collection of furniture, domestics, and home decor. Linden Street is sold exclusively in J. C. Penney stores and through its website. Other new exclusive brands for juniors and young men's were launched that summer. They included a relaunch of Le Tigre, along with Decree, and Fabulosity, a junior line of clothing by Kimora Lee Simmons.

In July 2009, new additions were made to the J. C. Penney young men's department, including an expansion of its private brand Decree (previously exclusively a juniors clothing line) and the introduction of more skate/surf-oriented clothing, including Rusty, RS by Ryan Sheckler and 3rd Rail. In August, Albert Gonzalez's defense lawyer announced J. C. Penney was a victim of the computer hacker, although J. C. Penney stated that no customers' credit card information had been stolen.[28] That year, J. C. Penney reached an agreement with Seattle's Best Coffee to feature full-service cafes within leased departments inside J. C. Penney stores across the country. Currently, Seattle's Best Coffee is still expanding cafe locations within J. C. Penney locations across the country.

2010–2014
Exterior of the J. C. Penney store at the Stonebriar Centre in Frisco, Texas (2013)

In September 2010, J. C. Penney had joined Facebook to help promote its "Care, Share, Win" campaign. Since 1999, J. C. Penney has donated $100 million to after school care. That fall, Vornado Realty Trust took a 9.9 percent stake in Penney; it sold off its 9.9 Million share interest in the company for $13.00 per share in 2013. [29]

On January 24, 2011, J. C. Penney announced it would exit the catalog business and close all 19 of its catalog outlet stores.[30] An additional seven stores, two call center facilities, and one customer decorating facility would also be closed.[30] One of the J. C. Penney Outlet Stores that closed, at Franklin Mills Mall, in Philadelphia, was replaced on March 2, 2012 by a regular J. C. Penney store, which later closed in 2017. On February 12, 2011, The New York Times exposed the company's use of link schemes—"spamdexing"—to increase the J. C. Penney website's ranking in Google search results, especially during the holiday season. Doug Pierce, an expert in online search from Blue Fountain Media, described the optimization as "the most ambitious attempt to game Google's search results that he has ever seen." Ultimately, Google took retaliatory action and drastically reduced the visibility of J. C. Penney in the search results. Although the retailer denied any involvement, it fired its search engine consulting firm, SearchDex.[31]

In June 2011, J. C. Penney announced that Ron Johnson, who had led Apple retail stores in a period of high growth, became the company's new CEO.[32] In October 2011, J. C. Penney sold the 15 remaining catalog outlet stores to SB Capital Group. The stores would remain open as they transitioned to JC's 5 Star Outlets.[33] On December 7, J. C. Penney announced the acquisition of 16.6 percent of Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia stock. J. C. Penney planned to put "mini-Martha Stewart shops" in many of its stores in 2013, as well as create a website together.[34]

In January 2012, the company's chief operating officer at the time, Michael Kramer, revealed to The Wall Street Journal that more than 30 percent of the bandwidth of J. C. Penney's headquarters was used for the viewing of YouTube videos during that month alone. Kramer consequently laid off 1,600 employees to change the company's workplace culture.[35] On February 1, J. C. Penney began a new pricing method, with "Every Day" prices on most days reflecting what used to be sale prices, "Monthly Value" for certain items every month in place of sales, and "Best Price" the first and third Fridays of each month, tied to paydays.[36][37] Prices would also not end in 9 or 7 and would instead use whole figures to price items.[38] The changes in the stores include a focus on the mini-stores such as those for Martha Stewart products.

In April 2012, the company announced plans to trim its workforce, laying off nearly 13% of its home office staff in Dallas, and closing a call center in Pittsburgh. Many managers, supervisors, and long-time employees were let go on April 30, 2012.[39] In June, the company announced that Michael Francis, the company's president, was leaving the company, after only eight months on the job, effective immediately.[40] In July 2012, the company announced that it was laying off 350 more workers at its headquarters.[41] In August, J. C. Penney began rolling out a store-within-a-store strategy, with plans to eventually roll out 100 shops in 683 stores.[42] That month, the company posted a second-quarter comparable-store loss of 22%, with internet sales dropping 33%. At an analyst meeting in New York the same day, Johnson said, "I'm completely convinced that our transformation is on track." J. C. Penney's stock rose 5.9% on Johnson's comments at the analyst meeting, the largest single-day stock increase since late January 2012.[43] In 2012, fourth quarter sales for J. C. Penney were poor. Sales were down 28.4% from a year earlier and same store sales were down 32%. Strategic choices made by Johnson a year earlier, including the change in pricing strategy, were being called into question.[44] It was announced in April 2012 that Nickelson Wooster would become the creative director for J. C. Penney menswear.[45] Wooster stated in an interview with Esquire that his influence on the brand would begin with spring menswear available as of February 2013.[46]

On April 8, 2013, Johnson was fired from J. C. Penney after 17 months with the company. Mike Ullman, the retailer's former CEO, was announced as his replacement shortly afterwards.[47] In August, William A. Ackman, of Pershing Square Capital Management, continued his efforts to remove Thomas Engibous, the company's Chairman of the Board of Directors.[48] However, Ackman resigned from the board on August 12, and two new directors were subsequently appointed to the board, one of whom is former Macy's vice chairman Ronald Tysoe.[49][50] On September 26, 2013, J. C. Penney, with Goldman Sachs as the sole underwriter, announced plans to issue 84 million shares of its stock. The move stood in contrast with CEO Mike Ullman's remarks from earlier that day, whereby he did not foresee "conditions for the rest of the year that would warrant raising liquidity." [51][52]

During a November 2013 conference call to Wall Street analysts, Ullman announced that J. C. Penney is "restoring initial markups necessary to support the return [to a] promotional department store strategy" with "gross margins, currently 29.5 percent of sales versus 32.5 percent a year ago, were lower due to the impact of clearance sales to eliminate inventory overhang and to transition back to the promotional pricing strategy the company is known for."[53] Ullman is removing the radio frequency identification technology and returning to security tags because shrinkage has "added 100 basis points on margins in the third quarter."[53] Various analysts have mixed reviews of J. C. Penney's future.[53] On December 1, 2013, J. C. Penney was replaced by Allegion in the S&P 500 Index.[54] S&P cited J. C. Penney's 37% fall in market value to $2.7 billion (equivalent to $2.96 billion in 2020) was "more representative of the mid-cap market." J. C. Penney replaced Aéropostale from the S&P MidCap 400 Index. In 2013, Soros Fund Management sold over 19 million J. C. Penney shares after only owning them for a few months.[55]

On January 15, 2014, J. C. Penney announced it was closing 33 under-performing stores and laying off 2,000 employees.[56] J. C. Penney's stock continued its decline until their first quarter results in 2014 showed signs of improvement, and sent the share value back into the double digits. In October, it was announced that the company would be tapping former Home Depot executive Marvin Ellison to take on the role of CEO starting in November.[57]

2015–2019

In January 2015, it was announced that J. C. Penney would close 39 under-performing stores nationwide and layoff 2,250 employees.[58] That same year, the company announced that it was liquidating its The Foundry Big & Tall Supply Co. chain of standalone clothing stores. In January 2016, J. C. Penney announced plans to relaunch its business of selling major appliances to target a wave of millennials who are buying first-time homes.[59] In February, J. C. Penney opened a support center in Bangalore, India.[60][60][61]

In January 2017, J. C. Penney sold its headquarters campus and surrounding land in Plano, Texas to Dreien Opportunity Partners as a leaseback sale to maintain operations at the location.[62] The land has since been broken up and sold/developed. Part of this land was sold to where the current Toyota North America HQ is now located.[63] In February, J. C. Penney announced that it would shutter two distribution centers and up to 140 under-performing stores as it wrestled with disappointing sales. The company also planned to offer buyouts to roughly 6,000 employees.[64] On March 17, J. C. Penney released a list of 138 locations that would close by the end of June.[65] By closing stores and distribution facilities, J. C. Penney would redirect resources to help expand its store-in-store Sephora boutiques, and add Nike and Adidas boutiques, similar to what Macy's has done with Finish Line, Lids and LensCrafters.[66]

In an effort to capitalize on self-deprecating humor and improve its reputation, J. C. Penney collaborated with Nicole Richie and other designers to open a "Jacques Penne" pop-up shop in Manhattan during the 2017 holiday season.[67][68]

Mall entrance of the J. C. Penney store at the Deptford Mall in Deptford, New Jersey (2018)

In 2018, J. C. Penney closed permanently at Plaza Palma Real in Humacao, Puerto Rico, after Hurricane Maria devastated the store in September 2017.[69] In May, J. C. Penney reported an adjusted loss of $69 million in the first quarter, even worse than Wall Street predicted, and lowered its projections for the year.[70] Sales fell 4%, also missing estimates. Earlier in 2018, the company announced it would cut 360 jobs at its stores and corporate headquarters. The company lowered its earnings forecast for the year to 13 cents per share at best, and said it could lose as much as 7 cents. J. C. Penney finished the quarter with just $181 million in cash, down from $363 million a year ago. Much of the big decrease was because of a $190 billion debt replace. On May 22, J. C. Penney announced the resignation of their CEO, Marvin Ellison.[70] On October 2, J. C. Penney announced former Jo-Ann Stores CEO Jill Soltau as their CEO, effective October 15. With the announcement, JCPenney's shares rose 9%.[71] The company ranked 235 on the Fortune 500 list of the largest United States corporations by revenue.[72][73] She has also brought new talent and has cleaned out inventory.[74] On December 26, the stock price of J. C. Penney (NYSE: JCP) fell below $1 per share. This was the first time shares fell below $1 ever in the 110-year history of the company, which started trading on the New York Stock Exchange in 1929. The stock fell 68% over the course of 2018, including a 30% drop in December 2018 alone.[75]

On February 6, 2019, J. C. Penney said it would stop selling major appliances on February 28, and that furniture would be limited to online and stores in Puerto Rico.[76] On February 28, J. C. Penney announced its intent to close 27 stores in 2019, including 18 full-line department stores and nine home-and-furniture stores. The closure announcement was paired with news that the retailer had suffered a 4% decline in same-store sales during the 2018 holiday quarter.[77] On March 26, J. C. Penney announced the hiring of Bill Wofford as Chief Financial Officer. Wofford came to the company from The Vitamin Shoppe, where he had served as CFO since June 2018.[78] On May 21, J. C. Penney announced that Shawn Gensch will be the Chief Customer Officer to take effect on June 3. Gensch comes from Sprouts Farmers Market where he was their CCO.[79] Also on May 21, J. C. Penney announced a net sales decline of 5.6% and a net loss of $154 million for its fiscal first quarter of 2019, which ended on May 5.[80]

2020

On January 19, 2020, J. C. Penney announced plans to close six stores.[81] On May 15, 2020, J. C. Penney filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection and announced that there would be an additional 242 store closings, blaming the coronavirus pandemic for its action. On March 18, J. C. Penney announced all retail stores would temporarily close in response to the global COVID-19 pandemic until April 2. On March 31, J. C. Penney announced an extension of the planned April 2 reopening, with a new date not possible to be determined at the time. On May 1, J. C. Penney announced a limited number of stores would reopen.[82] By June 17, J. C. Penney reopened approximately 827 stores; most of the 154 scheduled for permanent closure in 2020 were among those reopened, with final closing sales in progress. On June 22, J. C. Penney identified an additional 13 stores that would be permanently closed including two additional stores outside of New York City at Westfield South Shore in Bay Shore, NY and Poughkeepsie Galleria in Poughkeepsie, NY.[83] On July 7, 2020, J. C. Penney announced that they would close two stores in New York City; one at the Manhattan Mall, which was closed immediately and the Kings Plaza store in Brooklyn, which is expected to close on Sunday, September 27, 2020.[84]

Bankruptcy

On May 15, 2020, J. C. Penney filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection and announced that there would be additional 242 store closings, blaming the coronavirus pandemic for its action. On March 15, as businesses such as stores were ordered closed in many states, the chain closed all of its stores and furloughed its employees. J. C. Penney became the fourth major national retailer to file for bankruptcy in May 2020.[9][85] Days earlier, it was reported that in a regulatory filing that J. C. Penney would give bonuses totaling nearly $10 million to the company's senior managers, which included $4.5 million to CEO Jill Soltau.[86] After 91 years, it was delisted from the New York Stock Exchange on May 18, 2020, and became listed in OTC Pink.[87] On June 4, 2020, J. C. Penney released a list of 148 stores slated to close starting in late June 2020, with 11 additional store closures announced on June 22, and two additional stores on July 7, with the previously announced store closing locations remaining on hold pending further review, for a planned closing a total of 242 stores. [88][89][90][91][92] The next major event will be on July 15, when the bankruptcy exit plan will be filed with the court. Since the initial filing, rumors of potential buyers include Amazon, Sycamore Partners, and a group consisting of Authentic Brands (Forever 21, Aeropostale, Barneys), and mall owners Simon Property Group and Brookfield Properties.[93][94][95] On July 8, J. C. Penney submitted their bankruptcy exit plan to existing lenders, and also requested more time for negotiations; "We're going to need more time. Our conversations have been incredibly productive," said J. C. Penney attorney Joshua Sussberg of Kirkland & Ellis at a Wednesday hearing. "We believe we will come to an agreement and solution and avoid the outcome no one wants."[96] On July 31, 2020, it was announced that 21 stores, including the "Mother Store" in Kemmerer, Wyoming, would be auctioned off as part of the chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings.[97]

Ratings and reviews

At the close of 2017, J. C. Penney's Better Business Bureau (BBB) was rated is 1.08 out of 5 stars based on 47 Customer Reviews and a BBB Rating of F.[98] The company was rated 1 out of 5 stars on ConsumerAffairs.com based on 259 reviews submitted in the past year.[99] Most of the low ratings are attributed to poor customer service.

Finances
Year Revenue
in mil. USD$		 Net income
in mil. USD$		 Total Assets
in mil. USD$		 Employees Stores
2005 18,096 512 14,127 151,000 1,079
2006 18,781 1,088 12,461 151,000 1,019
2007 19,903 1,153 12,673 155,000 1,033
2008 19,860 1,111 14,309 155,000 1,067
2009 18,486 572 12,011 147,000 1,093
2010 17,556 251 12,581 154,000 1,108
2011 17,759 389 13,068 156,000 1,106
2012 17,260 −152 11,424 159,000 1,102
2013 12,985 −985 9,781 116,000 1,104
2014 11,859 −1,278 11,801 117,000 1,094
2015 12,257 −717 10,309 114,000 1,062
2016 12,625 −513 9,442 105,000 1,021
2017 12,547 1 9,118 106,000 1,013
2018 12,506 −116 8,413 98,000 872

[100]

Corporate identity

In June 2008, an ad called "Speed Dressing" emerged ending with the J. C. Penney logo and slogan "Every Day Matters". The ad won a prize at the Cannes Lions International Advertising Festival. The ad was criticized for seeming to promote teen sex. J. C. Penney denied that the ad was theirs and their advertising agency Saatchi & Saatchi reported that it had been created by a third party vendor. It was entered in the competition by Epoch Films, who declined to comment.[101][102] Marketing expert John Tantillo advised that the company distance itself from the commercial and also shed the publicity it engendered.[103]

  • Penney's logo used from 1963 to 1971.
  • J. C. Penney logo,[104] originally used from 1971 to 2011 and reintroduced in 2013, used until 2019.
  • J. C. Penney box logo 2000–2005
  • Alternate J. C. Penney logo used on a few stores, used from 2011 until 2012.
  • J. C. Penney logo used from 2012 until 2014 [105]
  • J. C. Penney logo used since late 2019.

Private brands

J. C. Penney introduced its own private brands when some suppliers denied access to the expected inventories.[106] [107]

  • St. John's Bay, casual men's and women's clothing and shoes
  • The Original Arizona Jean Company, casual clothing and sandals for men, women, and children
  • Xersion, active and athletic clothing for men, women and children
  • Stafford, men's tailored clothing and shoes
  • J. Ferrar, (JF), men's full line of clothing
  • Worthington, women's formal and casual clothing and shoes
  • a.n.a, young women's urban clothing and shoes
  • Ambrielle, women's sleepwear, intimates, and swim
  • JCPenney Home, home goods
  • Linden Street, bedding
  • Cooks, cookware
  • North Pole Trading Co, Christmas decor & bedding
  • Liz Claiborne, women's apparel
  • Claiborne, men's apparel
gollark: Salve! Caecillius est in horto.
gollark: Like Perl, and JavaScript.
gollark: I mean, languages people actually use.
gollark: Because different languages evolved differently, and languages are not actually designed.
gollark: Quite a lot of words in English are ~~blatantly stolen~~ derived from other languages, so it has many things.

See also

References
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