Pastinaca

Pastinaca (parsnips) is a genus of flowering plant in the family Apiaceae, comprising 14 species. The economically most important member of the genus is Pastinaca sativa, the parsnip.

Pastinaca
A selection of parsnips
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Apiales
Family: Apiaceae
Subfamily: Apioideae
Tribe: Tordylieae
Genus: Pastinaca
L.
Species

14, see text.

Etymology

The etymology of the generic name Pastinaca is not known with certainty. The name may be derived from the Latin word pastino (or pastinare), meaning "to prepare the ground for planting of the vine" (or more simply, "to dig") or the Latin word pastus, meaning "food", liberally translated as "Earth-food".[1][2]

Taxonomy

For comparison, The Plant List, the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS), and the National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) recognize 6, 1, and 16 species in the genus Pastinaca, respectively.

The Plant List[3] ITIS[4] NPGS[5] Other[6]
Pastinaca argyrophylla Delip. Unresolved Accepted
Pastinaca armena Fisch. & C. A. Mey. Unresolved Accepted
Pastinaca fleischmannii Hladnik Synonym of Pastinaca sativa L.
Pastinaca fleischmannii Hladnik ex W. D. J. Koch Accepted
Pastinaca gelendostensis (Yild. & B. Selvi) Hand Accepted
Pastinaca glandulosa Boiss. & Hausskn. Synonym of Dumaniana glandulosa (Boiss. & Hausskn.) Yıld. & B.Selvi Accepted
Pastinaca hirsuta Pančić Accepted Accepted
Pastinaca kochii Duby Unresolved (may be synonym of Pastinaca sativa subsp. divaricata (Desf.) Rouy & E.G.Camus Accepted
Pastinaca latifolia (Duby) DC. Accepted
Pastinaca latifolia DC. Accepted
Pastinaca lucida L. Accepted Accepted
Pastinaca pimpinellifolia M. Bieb. Unresolved (may be synonym of Malabaila pimpinellifolia Hoffm.) Accepted
Pastinaca sativa L. Accepted Accepted Accepted
Pastinaca sativa subsp. divaricata (Desf.) Rouy & E.G.Camus Accepted Not recognized
Pastinaca sativa subsp. sativa Accepted
Pastinaca sativa var. sativa L. Not accepted
Pastinaca sativa subsp. sylvestris (Mill.) Rouy & E. G. Camus Synonym of Pastinaca sativa L. Not accepted Accepted Not recognized
Pastinaca sativa subsp. urens (Req. ex Godr.) Čelak. Accepted Not recognized
Pastinaca sativa subsp. urens Čelak. Synonym of Pastinaca umbrosa Steven
Pastinaca umbrosa Steven Accepted
Pastinaca yildizii Dirmenci Synonym of Dumaniana yildizii (Dirmenci) Yıld. Accepted
Pastinaca zozimoides Fenzl Synonym of Dumaniana zozimoides (Fenzl) Yıld. & B.Selvi Accepted

In summary, 19 species names are accepted by at least one naming authority. Of those, 13 names are uncontested by some other authority.

The following names are accepted by two or more naming authorities: Pastinaca hirsuta Pančić, Pastinaca lucida L., and Pastinaca sativa L. Only one of those names (Pastinaca sativa L.) is accepted by all three naming authorities.

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References
  1. Averill, Kristine M.; Di'Tommaso, Antonio (2007). "Wild parsnip (Pastinaca sativa): A troublesome species of increasing concern" (PDF). Weed Technology. 21: 279–287. doi:10.1614/WT-05-186.1.
  2. Gledhill, David (2008). The Names of Plants (PDF) (4th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 292. ISBN 9780521866453.
  3. "Pastinaca". The Plant List. 2013. Retrieved 12 October 2018.
  4. "Pastinaca L." Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). Retrieved 12 October 2018.
  5. "Taxon: Pastinaca spp". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. Retrieved 12 October 2018.
  6. Kays, Stanley J. (2011). "3 – Latin binomials and synonyms". Cultivated Vegetables of the World: A Multilingual Onomasticon. Wageningen Academic Publishers. pp. 617–708. ISBN 978-90-8686-720-2.
  • Zehui, Pan; Watson, Mark F. "Pastinaca". Flora of China. Retrieved 11 October 2018.


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