Ozone Disco fire

The Ozone Disco fire in Quezon City, Philippines broke out shortly before midnight at 11:35 pm Philippine Standard Time, March 18, 1996 (3:35 pm, March 18, 1996, UTC) leaving at least 162 people dead. It is officially acknowledged as the worst fire in Philippine history,[1][2] and among the 10 worst nightclub fires in the world.[3][4]

Ozone Disco fire
DateMarch 18, 1996 (1996-03-18)
TimeAround 11:35 pm Philippine Standard Time
LocationQuezon City, Philippines
Coordinates14°38′06″N 121°02′09″E
TypeFire
CauseUnknown, believed to be electrical fire
Deaths162
Non-fatal injuries95

History

Ozone Disco, located near the 11th World Scout Jamboree Memorial Rotonda along Timog Avenue in Quezon City, was opened in 1991 by Segio Orgaoow.[5][6] Its building had previously housed a jazz club named "Birdland".[5] The disco was operated by Westwood Entertainment Company, Inc.[6][7]

Incident

The fire broke out just before midnight on March 18, 1996. At the time of the fire, it was estimated that there were around 350 patrons and 40 club employees inside Ozone Disco, though it had been approved for occupancy for only 35 persons.[1][7] Most of the club guests were high school and college students attending graduation or end-of-the-school-year celebrations.[8] Survivors reported seeing sparks flying inside the disc jockey's booth shortly before midnight, followed by smoke which they thought was part of the party plan of the DJ.[1] Another survivor added that after about 15 seconds of smoke, the electrical systems of the disco shut down; flames quickly became visible.[9]

Many of the bodies were discovered along the corridor leading to the only exit, piled up waist-high.[1] Quezon City officials were quoted as saying that the club's emergency exit was blocked by a new building next door,[1] and that there was no proper fire exit installed.[8] It was also reported that the exit had been locked from the outside by the club's security guards, who had thought that a riot had taken place.[7]

A 2008 photograph of the Ozone Disco building in Timog Avenue, Quezon City. The structure remained standing until 2015; it was never restored for commercial use and remained undisturbed until its demolition in March 2015, and a new structure built thereafter.

Casualties

The final death count was reported as between 160[10] and 162 people, the latter being the figure cited by the trial court that heard the ensuing criminal case.[7] In addition, at least 95 people were injured.[7] The death toll was one of the worst ever for a nightclub fire,[8] though it was subsequently surpassed by the República Cromañón nightclub fire.

Investigation and aftermath

Six people involved with Westwood Entertainment were tried before the courts for criminal charges of "reckless imprudence resulting in multiple homicide and multiple serious injuries".[7][10] On March 16, 2001, the president of Westwood Entertainment, Hermilo Ocampo, and the corporation's treasurer, Ramon Ng, were found guilty by a Quezon City trial court and sentenced to a four-year prison term, and fined 25 million pesos each.[7][10] They and their co-accused (who were acquitted) were also ordered to indemnify the families of the deceased 150,000 pesos, and 100,000 pesos to the injured. The trial court concluded that Ocampo and Ng failed to provide fire exits and sprinklers inside the establishment, that the fire extinguishers they placed were defective, and that the lone exit was through a small door that swung inward and did not meet the standard set by the building code.[7] A former employee who was among the survivors of the fire has claimed that the inward swinging doors were installed because it was good feng shui.[11]

In November 2001, twelve officials of the Quezon City government were charged before the Sandiganbayan for reckless imprudence resulting in multiple homicides and multiple serious injuries. They were accused of allowing Ozone Disco to secure a certificate of annual inspection in 1995 "despite the inadequacy, insufficiency and impropriety of the documents submitted by the owners".[10] In 2007, one of the twelve – the former city engineer and building official of Quezon City, Alfredo Macapugay – was discharged from criminal and civil liability after the Sandiganbayan concluded that he had no hand in the issuance of the necessary permits to Ozone Disco management.[12]

On November 20, 2014, seven officials of the Quezon City government were found guilty under the Philippines' anti-graft and corrupt practices law by the country's anti-graft court Sandiganbayan. They were held liable for negligence in connection with the approval of the building permit and issuance of certificates of occupancy for the company which owned Ozone. The club's owners were also found to be liable.[13]

Former site and developments

From the date of the incident thru 2015, the structure which housed the Ozone Disco remained standing in Timog Avenue, Quezon City, though the site has not been commercially used since then.[14] For a few years after the incident there was a makeshift memorial on the site featuring photographs of the victims. This has since been dismantled, and no marker or official memorial commemorates the incident or its victims.

In March 2015, a week before the 19th anniversary of the tragedy, the Ozone Disco building was finally demolished. Relatives of the victims still visit the site.[15] As of October 2016, the former location of the Ozone Disco Club now has a new structure and is currently occupied by a branch of known food chain GoodAh!!!, co-owned by television host Boy Abunda.[16]

In media
  • The October 2, 2008 episode of the GMA Network public affairs show Case Unclosed featured the Ozone Disco fire and its aftermath as the pilot episode, directed by Adolfo Alix, Jr.[17][18][19][20] 2 days before the showing of this episode, September 30, 2008, Then Quezon City Mayor Feliciano Belmonte, Jr. released an ordinance that warns the owners of entertainment establishments to use swing-in/swing-out doors.[20]
  • The fire is the subject of the song "OZONE (Itulak ang Pinto)" from Unique Salonga's album Grandma.[21]
gollark: Apparently Intel might have to outsource some of their GPU stuff, since their 7nm node is seemingly very behind schedule and they had contracts for providing some to a supercomputer project.
gollark: Intel was meant to be branching out into GPUs, except their fabrication team somehow managed to repeatedly mess up for years on end.
gollark: If you asked someone back in 2016 or so, I doubt they would have expected that AMD would be pretty much beating Intel on most fronts in CPUs.
gollark: Yes, Intel bad.
gollark: 3.0 x16 is perfectly fine for anything existing now.

See also

References
  1. Associated Press (March 20, 1996). "Disco in Manila, for 35 People, Held 400". New York Times Online. New York Times. Retrieved January 29, 2008.
  2. Esteban, P/Supt. Romulo; Col. Danilo Fabian (June 3–4, 2004). "The Philippine Diaster Management System". Philippine Center on Transnational Crime. Retrieved January 29, 2008.
  3. Press, Associated. "A look at deadly nightclub fires." Washington Times. January 27, 2013
  4. "What went before : Ozone disco is No.6 in deadliest nightclub fires." Philippine Daily Inquirer. January 29, 2013
  5. Ducky Paredes (March 22, 1996). "The Fire in the Ozone" (DOC). Ducky Paredes:Columns from Malaya and Abante. Malaya. Retrieved January 29, 2008.
  6. Philippine Court of Appeals (October 25, 2005). "Chua v. Pua, CA-G.R. CV No. 80583" (PDF). Supreme Court of the Philippines. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 29, 2008. Retrieved January 29, 2008.
  7. Vanzi, Sol Jose (March 12, 2001). "Light Sentences for Ozone Disco Owners". Newsflash. Philippine Headline News Online. Retrieved January 29, 2008.
  8. Associated Press (March 19, 1996). "At Least 150 Are Killed in Disco Fire in Manila". New York Times Online. New York Times. Retrieved January 29, 2008.
  9. Throwback: 1996 TVP report on Ozone fire. November 20, 2014. Retrieved April 14, 2016 – via YouTube.
  10. "What went before". Inquirer.net. Philippine Daily Inquirer. August 23, 2007. Retrieved January 29, 2008.
  11. Jaymee T. Gamil. "Nightclub door that trapped fire victims supposedly 'good feng shui'". inquirer.net. Retrieved May 16, 2015.
  12. Uy, Jocelyn (August 22, 2007). "Ex-city engineer cleared in Ozone case". Inquirer.net. Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved January 29, 2008.
  13. Gamil, Jaymee; Mangunay, Kristine Felisse; Ramos, Marlon (November 21, 2014). "After 18 years, 9 found guilty in Ozone inferno". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
  14. Johanna Sampan (March 18, 2008). "Ozone Disco tragedy remembered". Manila Times. Archived from the original on April 2, 2008. Retrieved May 2, 2008.
  15. Fernando G. Sepe, Jr. (February 17, 2015). "Last Look: Ozone Disco". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved April 14, 2016.
  16. Llanera, Melba (October 13, 2016). "Remember the former Ozone Disco? It's now a food chain owned by Boy Abunda". Philippine Entertainment Portal. Retrieved October 13, 2016.
  17. Case Unclosed: Alaala ng Ozone (Part 1 of 4). youtube.com. Retrieved May 16, 2015.
  18. Kara David "case unclosed". Case Unclosed: Alaala ng Ozone (Part 2 of 4). October 6, 2008. Retrieved May 16, 2015.
  19. Case Unclosed: Alaala ng Ozone (Part 3 of 4). youtube.com. Retrieved May 16, 2015.
  20. Case Unclosed: Alaala ng Ozone (Part 4 of 4). youtube.com. Retrieved May 16, 2015.
  21. Hofileña, Emil. "'Grandma' sees Unique Salonga carving his own musical path". Rappler.
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