Osgoode Hall

Osgoode Hall is a landmark building in downtown Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The original ​2 1⁄2-storey building was started in 1829 and finished in 1832 from a design by John Ewart and William Warren Baldwin. The structure is named for William Osgoode,[1] the first Chief Justice of Upper Canada (now the province of Ontario).[2]

For the law school, see Osgoode Hall Law School.
Osgoode Hall
General information
StatusComplete
TypeOffice building and courthouse
Architectural stylePalladian, Neoclassical
Address130 Queen Street West
Town or cityToronto, Ontario
CountryCanada
Coordinates43°39′08″N 79°23′08″W
Current tenants
Named forWilliam Osgoode
Construction started1829
Completed1832
Owner
Technical details
Floor count3
Grounds6 acres (2.4 ha)
Design and construction
ArchitectJohn Ewart and William Warren Baldwin
Designated1979
Designated1990

It originally served to house the regulatory body for lawyers in Ontario along with its law school (formally established as Osgoode Hall Law School in 1889), which was the only recognized professional law school for the province at the time.[3] The original building was constructed between 1829 and 1832 in the late Georgian Palladian and Neoclassical styles. It currently houses the Ontario Court of Appeal, the Divisional Court of the Superior Court of Justice, the offices of the Law Society of Ontario and the Great Library of the Law Society.

History
Osgoode Hall in 1856; the building was expanded from 1855 to 1857.

The 6-acre (2.4 ha) site at the corner of Lot Street (Queen Street West today) and College Avenue (University Avenue today) was acquired by the Law Society in 1828.[4] At the time, the location was on the northwest edge of the city, which has since grown around the building. It was originally bounded on its north side by Osgoode Street, and on its east side by a street that would eventually be known as Chestnut Street. The former no longer exists, and the latter now stops at Armoury Street, as Nathan Phillips Square now lies to the east. The portico of Osgoode Hall's east wing was built at the head of Toronto's York Street to serve as a terminating vista, though it is now obscured by trees planted on the building's lawn. Osgoode Hall, together from which the Osgoode Hall Law School (affiliated as a professional school at York University), received its name in honour of William Osgoode, which was lent in turn to the adjacent Osgoode subway station.

Between the rebellions taking place in 1837-8 until 1843, the hall was used as troop barracks.[4] When the Law Society regained possession in 1844, an expansion was designed by Henry Bowyer Lane; the West Wing and Library were built, with two domes (later removed) over the library to connect the two wings.[4] In 1846 the Law Society entered into an agreement with the government to house the province's Superior Court at the hall. Today, the building is jointly owned by the Law Society and the Government of Ontario.

From 1855 to 1857, the building was refurbished and enlarged again, according to a design by the firm Cumberland and Storm, to accommodate courts with the original 1829 building becoming the east wing. From 1880 to 1891, the building was again expanded twice in order to accommodate its law school.

The building was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1979,[5][6] and by the City of Toronto under the Ontario Heritage Act in 1990.[7]

Design
Osgoode Hall was designed in a late-Palladian style.

Despite the expansions, the hall presents a unified design in the late Palladian style. The iron fence surrounding the lawns of Osgoode Hall has become a landmark in itself. Its distinctive iron gates are narrow and restrictive; it is a long-standing myth that they were designed to keep livestock out of the grounds of the hall. Despite this, an incident in the 1950s occurred in which students unsuccessfully attempted to pass a cow through one of the gates.[8] The gates were likely due to Victorian architectural fashion, rather than wandering cattle.[9][10]

Two libraries are housed within Osgoode Hall: the Great Library of the Law Society of Ontario and a smaller library for judges. The Great Library was designed by Cumberland and Storm (1857–1860) and features an ornate plaster ceiling, cork floors, an iron spiral staircase and etched glass windows. A War Memorial by Frances Norma Loring (1887–1968), sculpted in 1928, was added to the Great Library in honour of Ontario lawyers and law students who were killed during the First World War. Behind the Great Library (and accessible through it) is the American Room, designed by Burke and Horwood in 1895, a more intimate room with a spiral staircase. The Toronto Courthouse at 361 University Avenue, directly to the north, is accessible through a connecting tunnel.

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See also

Notes
  1. "Courageous settlers first located in Carleton back in 1818". Ottawa Citizen. Apr 28, 1953. pp. A20. Retrieved 2 December 2015.
  2. http://www.heritagefdn.on.ca/userfiles/HTML/nts_1_6190_1.html Ontario Heritage Trust Osgoode Hall
  3. http://www.osgoode.yorku.ca/about/history/
  4. William Renwick Ridell, "Osgoode Hall", Report of the Annual Meeting, Canadian Historical Association, Vol. 1, No. 1, 1922.
  5. Osgoode Hall. Directory of Federal Heritage Designations. Parks Canada. Retrieved 22 August 2012.
  6. Osgoode Hall. Canadian Register of Historic Places. Retrieved 22 August 2012.
  7. 130 Queen Street West, Toronto Inventory of Heritage Properties
  8. The Execution. Osgoode Hall Turns 175 - Documenting a Landmark. Archives of Ontario. Retrieved 2019-01-29.
  9. Osgoode Hall. Lost Rivers. Retrieved 2008-03-06.
  10. Law, Susan. "Osgoode Hall Fence". Osgoode Hall (website). (Accessed 21 June 2007).
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