Orthohepadnavirus

Orthohepadnavirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Hepadnaviridae. Humans and other mammals serve as natural hosts. There are currently 12 species in this genus including the type species Hepatitis B virus. Diseases associated with this genus include: hepatitis, hepatocellular carcinoma (chronic infections), and cirrhosis.[1][2]

Orthohepadnavirus
TEM micrograph showing Hepatitis B virus virions
Virus classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Pararnavirae
Phylum: Artverviricota
Class: Revtraviricetes
Order: Blubervirales
Family: Hepadnaviridae
Genus: Orthohepadnavirus
Type species
Hepatitis B virus
Species

Structure

Viruses in Orthohepadnavirus are enveloped, with spherical geometries, and T=4 symmetry. The diameter is around 42 nm. Genomes are circular, around 3.2kb in length. The genome codes for 7 proteins.[1]

GenusStructureSymmetryCapsidGenomic arrangementGenomic segmentation
OrthohepadnavirusIcosahedralT=4Non-envelopedCircularMonopartite

Life cycle

Viral replication is nucleo-cytoplasmic. Replication follows the dsDNA(RT) replication model. DNA-templated transcription, specifically dsDNA(RT) transcription, with some alternative splicing mechanism is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by leaky scanning. The virus exits the host cell by budding, and nuclear pore export. Human and mammals serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are sexual, blood, and contact.[1]

GenusHost detailsTissue tropismEntry detailsRelease detailsReplication siteAssembly siteTransmission
OrthohepadnavirusHumans; mammalsHepatocytesCell receptor endocytosisBuddingNucleusCytoplasmVertical: parental; sex; blood


gollark: The old versions, I mean.
gollark: The FS functions *themselves* would work okay, but stuff which used them seemed to keep them in scope or something.
gollark: I couldn't get FS virtualization to work properly without erasing and reconstructing the environment.
gollark: Also, there are no comments?
gollark: It has a process manager, keyboard shortcuts, a copy of the CC BIOS somewhere, plus the traditional viral infection capability.

References
  1. "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
  2. ICTV. "Virus Taxonomy: 2014 Release". Retrieved 15 June 2015.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.