Operation Althea

Operation Althea, formally the European Union Force Bosnia and Herzegovina (EUFOR), is a military deployment in Bosnia and Herzegovina to oversee the military implementation of the Dayton Agreement.[1] It is the successor to NATO's SFOR and IFOR. The transition from SFOR to EUFOR was largely a change of name and commanders: 80% of the troops remained in place.[2] It replaced SFOR on 2 December 2004.

European Union Force Bosnia and Herzegovina
Participant in the Dayton Agreement
New emblem adopted in March 2017
Active2 December 2004 (2004-12-02) – present
Motive(s)Successful implementation of the Dayton Agreement
Allegiance European Union
Military leader Major General Reinhard Trischak
Political leader European Union
Size600 members
ColoursBlue, white, and yellow

General aspects

Civilian implementation of the Dayton Agreement is enforced by the Office of High Representative. In 2007, EUFOR had 600 troops from 22 countries,[3] mostly from the member states of the European Union (EU). There are however, additional troops from other non-EU member states such as Chile and Turkey.

The EUFOR's commander is currently Major General Reinhard Trischak of Austria, since June 2019 (all of EUFOR's commanders since 2009 have been Austrians). For this mission, the European Union Military Staff is using NATO's Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE) as the EU's Operational Headquarters (OHQ) and is working through the Deputy to the Supreme Allied Commander Europe, a European officer.

The EUFOR assumed all the missions of the SFOR, except for the hunt for individuals indicted by the war crimes tribunal, notably Radovan Karadžić, former leader of Republika Srpska, and Ratko Mladić, their former military leader, which remained a mission for NATO[2] through NATO Headquarters Sarajevo.[4] The EUFOR does have police duties against organised crime, which is believed to be linked to suspected war criminals.[5] It worked with the European Union Police Mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina (EUPM) and with the Bosnian Police. The European Union Special Representative in Bosnia and Herzegovina provides political guidance on military issues with a local political dimension to the EUFOR.

As of March 2019, the total force of EUFOR are at 600 troops from 20 countries, including EU member states and non-EU "Troop Contributing Countries" (TCC) are present within EUFOR (Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Chile, Czech Republic, France, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Poland, Portugal, North Macedonia, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Turkey, and the United Kingdom).[6]

Commanders
No. State Rank Name Tenure
1  United Kingdom Major general David Leakey 2 December 2004 – 6 December 2005
2  Italy Major general Gian Marco Chiarini 6 December 2005 – 5 December 2006
3  Germany Rear admiral Hans-Jochen Witthauer 5 December 2006 – 4 December 2007
4  Spain Major general Ignacio Martín Villalaín[7] 4 December 2007 – 4 December 2008
5  Italy Major general Stefano Castagnotto 4 December 2008 – 3 December 2009
6  Austria Major general Bernhard Bair 4 December 2009 – 6 December 2011
7  Austria Major general Robert Brieger 6 December 2011 – 3 December 2012
8  Austria Major general Dieter Heidecker 3 December 2012 – 17 December 2014
9  Austria Major general Johann Luif 17 December 2014 – 24 March 2016
10  Austria Major general Friedrich Schrötter 24 March 2016 – 28 March 2017
11  Austria Major general Anton Waldner 28 March 2017 – 28 March 2018
12  Austria Major general Martin Dorfer 28 March 2018 – 26 June 2019
13  Austria Major general Reinhard Trischak 26 June 2019 – present
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See also

References
  1. https://af.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idAFKCN1SK1U6
  2. "EU troops prepare for Bosnia swap". BBC. 23 October 2004.
  3. EUFOR Troop Strength (1 November 2007)
  4. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2007-11-23. Retrieved 2007-12-05.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  5. Evans, Michael (29 November 2004). "EU force to take on pimps, drug barons and smugglers". The Times. Retrieved 13 January 2007.
  6. "EUFOR Fact Sheet - Countries of EUFOR". EUFOR. Archived from the original on 2011-07-18. Retrieved 2008-02-01.
  7. EUFOR change of command ceremony

Further reading
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