Wolfenschiessen

Wolfenschiessen is a village and municipality in the canton of Nidwalden in Switzerland. Besides the village of Wolfenschiessen itself, the municipality includes the settlements of Altzellen, Büren ob dem Bach, Dörfli, and Oberrickenbach, together with a large area of high alpine land, mountains, lakes, and glaciers.[3]

Wolfenschiessen
Coat of arms
Location of Wolfenschiessen
Wolfenschiessen
Wolfenschiessen
Coordinates: 46°54′N 8°23′E
CountrySwitzerland
CantonNidwalden
Districtn.a.
Area
 • Total92.76 km2 (35.81 sq mi)
Elevation
(Wolfenschiessen village)
510 m (1,670 ft)
Highest elevation
(Titlis Glacier)
2,880 m (9,450 ft)
Lowest elevation
(Niederrickenbach Station)
488 m (1,601 ft)
Population
 (2018-12-31)[2]
 • Total2,097
 • Density23/km2 (59/sq mi)
Postal code
6386
SFOS number1511
Surrounded byBeckenried, Dallenwil, Engelberg (OW), Innertkirchen (BE), Isenthal (UR), Kerns (OW), Oberdorf
Websitewww.wolfenschiessen.ch
SFSO statistics

History

Wolfenschiessen was first mentioned around 1200 as Wolvinscizin[4] though a 14th century copy of a land record from around 1160 mentions two fields at Wolfenschiessen.[5] During the 12th century the farm and fields of Wolfenschiessen were owned by the Benedictine Muri Abbey. In the 13th and 14th centuries the lands were gradually transferred to Murbach-Lucerne and Engelberg Abbeys. Between the 12th and 13th centuries, the von Wolfenschiessen family were, probably, raised from farming to minor nobility and appointed to administer the monastery’s estates at Wolfenschiessen. They built a tower in the center of the village from which they administered and ruled over the village and farms. The family eventually grew to local prominence, before losing most of their wealth and status in the 15th century and dying out at the beginning of the 17th century.[6]

A village church was built by 1277 but was initially a filial church of the parish church in Stans. The village received its own priest in 1438 and in 1469 became an independent parish. During the 14th through 16th centuries several other hamlets developed around Wolfenschiessen.[4]

Coat of arms

The municipality's coat of arms is Azure, a Wolf rampant Argent pierced by an Arrow in bend sinister Or. This is an example of canting where the name of the municipality is translated or represented on the coat of arms. In this case, Wolfenschiessen means "to shoot the wolf."[7]

Geography
Looking down from the summit of Titlis over the Trüebsee into the valley of the Engelberger Aa. Wolfenschiessen village is in the deepest part of the valley, in the top right corner of the image.
Aerial view by Walter Mittelholzer (1933)
The Bannalpsee

Wolfenschiessen encompasses both sides of the deep valley of the river Engelberger Aa downstream of Engelberg, with high alpine areas encircling Engelberg to the north, west and south. The settlements of Wolfenschiessen, Büren ob dem Bach and Dörfli lie in the valley, whilst Altzellen and Oberrickenbach are on higher ground to the east.[3]

The lake Bannalpsee lies above Oberrickenbach to the north of Engelberg, while the Trüebsee is on high ground to the south of Engelberg. The southernmost part of the municipality reaches high up the flank of the Titlis, including part of the Titlis Glacier (Titlisgletscher).[3]

Wolfenschiessen has an area, (as of the 2004/09 survey) of 92.7 km2 (35.79 sq mi).[8] Of this area, about 39.6% is used for agricultural purposes, while 33.6% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 1.4% is settled (buildings or roads) and 25.4% is unproductive land. In the 2004/09 survey a total of 61 ha (150 acres) or about 0.7% of the total area was covered with buildings, an increase of 16 ha (40 acres) over the 1980/81 amount. Of the agricultural land, 9 ha (22 acres) is used for orchards and vineyards, 959 ha (2,370 acres) is fields and grasslands and 3,006 ha (7,430 acres) consists of alpine grazing areas. Since 1980/81 the amount of agricultural land has decreased by 130 ha (320 acres). Over the same time period the amount of forested land has increased by 50 ha (120 acres). Rivers and lakes cover 128 ha (320 acres) in the municipality.[9][10]

Demographics

Wolfenschiessen has a population (as of December 2018) of 2,097.[11] As of 2015, 10.8% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 5 years (2010-2015) the population has changed at a rate of 7.13%. The birth rate in the municipality, in 2015, was 14.1, while the death rate was 4.7 per thousand residents.[10]

As of 2015, children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 24.4% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) are 60.6% of the population and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 15.0%.[10] In 2015 there were 1,019 single residents, 952 people who were married or in a civil partnership, 91 widows or widowers and 86 divorced residents.[12]

In 2015 there were 819 private households in Wolfenschiessen with an average household size of 2.59 persons. In 2015 about 41.4% of all buildings in the municipality were single family homes, which is greater than the percentage in the canton (35.5%) but is much less than the percentage nationally (57.4%).[13] Of the 416 inhabited buildings in the municipality, in 2000, about 39.9% were single family homes and 26.2% were multiple family buildings. Additionally, about 31.5% of the buildings were built before 1919, while 15.1% were built between 1991 and 2000.[14] In 2014 the rate of construction of new housing units per 1000 residents was 2.37. The vacancy rate for the municipality, in 2016, was 1.71%.[10]

Most of the population (as of 2000) speaks German (93.6%), with Albanian being second most common (2.7%) and Serbo-Croatian being third (1.4%).[15] As of 2008 the gender distribution of the population was 51.7% male and 48.3% female.

The historical population is given in the following chart:[16]

Politics

In the 2015 federal election the only major party which ran in Nidwalden was the SVP which received 88.7% of the vote in Wolfenschiessen. In the federal election, a total of 901 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 58.1%.[17]

In the 2011 federal election the SVP received 57.2%, while the FDP got 29.7% and the GPS received the remaining 13.1%.[18]

In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the FDP which received 89.3% of the vote. The next two most popular parties were the local, small right-wing parties (10.7%) and the SPS (0.1%).[15]

Education

In Wolfenschiessen about 58.6% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule).[15]

Economy

Wolfenschiessen is a mixed agro-industrial community, a municipality where agriculture and manufacturing play a significant role in the economy.[19]

As of  2014, there were a total of 870 people employed in the municipality. Of these, a total of 229 people worked in 86 businesses in the primary economic sector. The secondary sector employed 267 workers in 31 separate businesses, of which 6 were small businesses that employed a total of 162 employees. Finally, the tertiary sector provided 374 jobs in 91 businesses.[20]

In 2015 a total of 2.4% of the population received social assistance.[10] In 2011 the unemployment rate in the municipality was 0.8%.[21]

In 2015 local hotels had a total of 22,642 overnight stays, of which 33.5% were international visitors.[22]

In 2015 the average cantonal, municipal and church tax rate in the municipality for a couple with two children making CHF 80,000 was 3.8% while the rate for a single person making CHF 150,000 was 13.5%, both of which are much higher than average for the canton. The canton has a slightly lower than average tax rate for those making CHF 80,000 and one of the lowest for those making CHF 150,000. In 2013 the average income in the municipality per tax payer was CHF 63,647 and the per person average was CHF 22,569, which is less than the cantonal average of CHF 98,342 and CHF 46,206 respectively. It is also less than the national per tax payer average of CHF 82,682 and the per person average of CHF 35,825.[23]

Transport

The municipality of Wolfenschiessen is served by two railway stations on the Luzern–Stans–Engelberg line. Besides Wolfenschiessen itself, there is Niederrickenbach station, a request stop, to the north. The former Dörfli station to the south was closed in 2013. The hourly InterRegio service between Luzern and Engelberg stops at both stations, while the half hourly S4 service from Luzern terminates at Wolfenschiessen.[24]

A Swiss PostBus service within the municipality links the villages of Wolfenschiessen and Oberrickenbach, with eight services per day. From Oberrickenbach, a cable car provides access to the Bannalpsee.[3][25] Many other cable cars provide access to higher dwellings, farms and tourist destinations on both sides of the valley.

On the Alpine pasture of Ober Trüebsee one finds the lake called Trüebsee (lit.: "dull lake"). At its uttermost east end is also the place of an intermediate stop (Trübsee, Germanized without 'e') on the cable car system that links Engelberg and the summit of Klein Titlis.[26]

Sights

The main sights of Wolfenschiessen are the St. Maria parish church, the St. Joder chapel in Altzellen, and the Hechhuis and Grossitz mansions.

Heritage sites of national significance

The farm houses Grossitz at Hauptstrasse 31 and Unteres Brunnifeld at Hauptstrasse 41, the Hechhuis or Lussyhaus mansion and the house Hofstatt im Dörfli are all listed as Swiss heritage site of national significance.[27]

  • Grossitz farm house
  • Unteres Brunnifeld farm house
  • The Hechhuis mansion
  • Hofstatt im Dörfli
  • Trüebsee in summer
  • Cable car from Oberrickenbach up to the Bannalpsee
  • The Pfarrkirche Maria Geburt church
  • St. Joder chapel
gollark: That is true.
gollark: Pickling?
gollark: Per run, that is?
gollark: I would expect it to be consistent across runs, but apparently not?
gollark: That seems weirdly apiohazardous.

References
  1. "Arealstatistik Standard - Gemeinden nach 4 Hauptbereichen". Federal Statistical Office. Retrieved 13 January 2019.
  2. "Ständige Wohnbevölkerung nach Staatsangehörigkeitskategorie Geschlecht und Gemeinde; Provisorische Jahresergebnisse; 2018". Federal Statistical Office. 9 April 2019. Retrieved 11 April 2019.
  3. map.geo.admin.ch (Map). Swiss Confederation. Retrieved 2013-01-08.
  4. Wolfenschiessen in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
  5. ortsnamen.ch retrieved 7 January 2016
  6. Wolfenschiessen, von in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
  7. Flags of the World-Wolfenschiessen accessed 4 September 2009
  8. Arealstatistik Standard - Gemeindedaten nach 4 Hauptbereichen
  9. "Arealstatistik Land Use - Gemeinden nach 10 Klassen". www.landuse-stat.admin.ch. Swiss Federal Statistical Office. 24 November 2016. Retrieved 27 December 2016.
  10. Regionalporträts 2017: Swiss Federal Statistical Office (in German) accessed 18 May 2017
  11. Swiss Federal Statistical Office - STAT-TAB, online database – Ständige und nichtständige Wohnbevölkerung nach institutionellen Gliederungen, Geburtsort und Staatsangehörigkeit (in German) accessed 23 September 2019
  12. Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Ständige und nichtständige Wohnbevölkerung nach institutionellen Gliederungen, Geschlecht, Zivilstand und Geburtsort (in German) accessed 8 September 2016
  13. Statistical Atlas of Switzerland - Anteil Einfamilienhäuser am gesamten Gebäudebestand, 2015 accessed 18 May 2017
  14. Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB - Thema 09 - Bau- und Wohnungswesen (in German) accessed 5 May 2016
  15. Swiss Federal Statistical Office accessed 04-Sep-2009
  16. Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Bevölkerungsentwicklung nach institutionellen Gliederungen, 1850-2000 (in German) accessed 27 April 2016
  17. "Nationalratswahlen 2015: Stärke der Parteien und Wahlbeteiligung nach Gemeinden" (in German). Swiss Federal Statistical Office. Retrieved 18 July 2016.
  18. Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Nationalratswahlen 2011: Parteistärken, Wahlbeteiligung, fiktive Wählende (in German) accessed 2 May 2016
  19. "Die Raumgliederungen der Schweiz 2016" (in German, French, Italian, and English). Neuchâtel, Switzerland: Swiss Federal Statistical Office. 17 February 2016. Retrieved 14 December 2016.
  20. Federal Statistical Office -Arbeitsstätten und Beschäftigte nach Gemeinde, Wirtschaftssektor und Grössenklasse accessed 31 October 2016
  21. "Arbeitslosenquote 2011". Statistical Atlas of Switzerland. Swiss Federal Statistical Office. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
  22. Federal Statistical Office - Hotellerie: Ankünfte und Logiernächte der geöffneten Betriebe accessed 31 October 2016
  23. "18 - Öffentliche Finanzen > Steuern". Swiss Atlas. Swiss Federal Statistical Office. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  24. "Luzern–Stans–Engelberg" (PDF). Bundesamt für Verkehr. Retrieved 2013-01-14.
  25. "Wolfenschiessen–Oberrickenbach (Linie 331)" (PDF). Bundesamt für Verkehr. Retrieved 2013-01-22.
  26. "1191 - Engelberg" (Map). Trüebsee/Trübsee (2016 ed.). 1:25 000. National Map 1:25'000. Wabern, Switzerland: Federal Office of Topography – swisstopo. 2013. ISBN 978-3-302-01191-2. Retrieved 2019-07-04 – via map.geo.admin.ch.
  27. "Swiss inventory of cultural property of national and regional significance". A-Objects. Federal Office for Cultural Protection (BABS). 1 January 2017. Retrieved 6 September 2017.
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