Nicholas A. Kotov

Nicholas A. Kotov (born August 29, 1965, Moscow, USSR) is the Joseph B. and Florence V. Cejka Professor of Chemical Engineering at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, MI, USA.[8] He is known for his pioneering contributions to biomimetic nanostructures. Topics he has been working on in this large interdisciplinary research field include layered biomimetic nanocomposites, self-assembly of nanoparticles,[9] and chiral nanostructures.[10]

Nicholas A. Kotov
Nicholas A. Kotov
Born (1965-08-29) August 29, 1965
Moscow, USSR
NationalityAmerican
Alma materMoscow State University
Known forself-assembling materials, layer-by-layer assembly, nanotechnology
Awards2017 ACS Colloid Chemistry Award
2016 RSC Stephanie Kwolek Award[1]
2016 UNESCO Medal for Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnologies[2]
2016 August T Larssons Visiting Scholar of the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
2014 Materials Research Society Medal (shared with Prof. Sharon Glotzer)[3]
Fellow of the Materials Research Society
Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry
Langmuir Lecturer Award of the American Chemical Society (2013)
The Charles M.A. Stine Award of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers[4]
Thomson Reuters Top 25 Materials Scientists of 2000-2010[5]
Thomson Reuters Top 100 Chemists of 2000-2010[6]
Wired Magazine’s Top 10 Discoveries of the Year (2007)[7]
NASA Nanotech Briefs Top 50 Award (2008)
Scientific career
FieldsChemistry, Chemical Engineering, Materials Science, Nanotechnology, Biomedical Engineering
InstitutionsUniversity of Michigan
Websitehttp://www.umkotov.com/

Work

Utilizing G. Decher's layer-by-layer assembly (LbL),[11] Kotov described the first examples of layered graphene oxide nanocomposites and their reduction to graphene in 1996.[12] Two years later, Cassagneau et al. utilized these graphene nanocomposites to prepare lithium-ion batteries.[13] Similar biomimetic composites in which graphene and graphene oxide self-assemble into stacks interlaced with polymers are made now by different techniques, for instance by R. Ruoff's filtration-induced assembly.[14] Layered graphene and graphene oxide nanocomposites with a variety of polymers are now used in a variety of charge storage devices: batteries, supercapacitors, fuel cells, solar energy conversion, etc. Other applications with comparable technological impact include ultrastrong materials, barrier coatings, sensors, wearable electronics, and implantable neuroprosthetic devices. 

Kotov’s research instigated the development of a large family of ultrastrong materials replicating nacre,[15] a natural material known for its layered architecture, opalescence, and unusually high toughness. Sequential deposition of one nanoscale layers at a time followed by delamination of the composite stack as a free-standing film allowed him to create a macroscale version of nacre suitable for mechanical testing. By using the sequential layering he was able to immobilize each layer of nanomaterial and polymer and to overcome the long-standing problem of phase separation known from earlier works on clay nanocomposites carried out by Lagaly[16] and scientists at Toyota. Kotov showed that biomimetic composites of natural clay can attain mechanical properties comparable to some grades of steel while retaining their diffraction colours and transparency.[17] This discovery spurred the development of new methods for the mass-production of nacre-like materials from clays and similar inorganic nanomaterials.[18]

In the very first publication as a new Assistant Professor at Oklahoma State University, Kotov discovered strong barrier and gas selective properties of nacre-like layered clay nanocomposites that are also crack-resistant.[19] He worked with packaging manufacturer Avery Dennison and biomedical device manufacturer Ciba Vision on the large scale implementation of composite coatings. As early as in 2000 Avery Dennison converted the dipping method of preparation of composites into a roll-to-roll processing for scalable manufacturing of biomedical and other coatings. J. Grunlan was first to demonstrate that the nacre-like nanocomposites from clay and other materials are efficient fire retardants suitable for many everyday products after the move from Avery Dennison to Texas A&M University.[20]

Kotov extended the concept of biomimetic nanostructures to inorganic nanoparticles. He established that, similarly to many proteins and other biomolecules, nanoparticles can self-organize into chains,[9] sheets,[21] nanowires, twisted ribbons[22] and nanohelices,[23][24] and spherical supraparticles replicating viral capsids.[25] He also found that the complexity of nanoparticle assemblies approaches that of self-assembled structures of biomolecules.[26] The biomimetic self-assembly behavior of NPs originates from interparticle interactions at the nanoscale,[27] in which chirality also plays a prominent role.[28] The functional parallels between nanoparticles and biomacromolecules were established using pyramidal nanoparticles that inhibit the bacterial enzyme β-galactosidase by fitting in a lock-and-key manner into the groove of the enzyme.[29]

Education and research career

Education and early career

Kotov received his MS (1987) and PhD (1990) degrees in chemistry from Moscow State University, where his research concerned liquid-liquid interfaces imitating cell membranes for solar energy conversion. After graduation, he took up a postdoctoral position in the research group of Prof. Janos Fendler in the Department of Chemistry at Syracuse University in New York.

Independent research career

Kotov took up a position as Assistant Professor of Chemistry at the Oklahoma State University in Stillwater, Oklahoma in 1996, gaining promotion to Associate Professor in 2001. In 2003 he moved to the University of Michigan where he is now the Joseph B. and Florence V. Cejka Professor of Engineering.

Professional achievements

Kotov serves as an Associate Editor for the journal ACS Nano,[30] and as an advisory board member of several other nanotechnology journals. He has received awards and recognitions from a number of different countries, international organizations, and multinational corporations. These include the 2017 Colloid Chemistry Award of the American Chemical Society, the 2016 Stephanie Kwolek Award of the Royal Society of Chemistry,[1] the 2016 UNESCO Medal for Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnologies,[2] the 2014 MRS Medal,[3] the 2013 Langmuir Lecturer Award of the American Chemical Society,[31] and the 2012 Stine Award from the American Institute of Chemical Engineers.[4] He was also selected as a 2016 August T Larssons Visiting Scholar by the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet), a 2016 Fulbright Scholar, and as a Fellow of the Materials Research Society in 2014.[32]

Kotov has founded several start-up companies producing nanomaterials for transparent armor, energy storage, and biomedical applications. Nico Technologies Inc. utilized rolling contact LbL manufacturing (also known as Turbo LbL) to manufacture high strength transparent composites from clay, graphene, and carbon nanotubes. He founded a venture-backed company, 3B Biomatrix, that implemented bone-mimicking LbL coatings for drug discovery in three-dimensional cell cultures. Another company he founded, Elegus Technologies, develops and produces ultrastrong LbL composites from cartilage-like aramid nanofiber networks for high capacity lithium batteries. In 2016 Elegus Technologies established a joint venture with XALT Energy and Energy Power Systems for large-scale manufacturing of battery separators.[33]

Personal life

In 1991, Kotov married Elvira Stesikova, a PhD Chemist working on polymeric surfactants. They have two daughters, Sophia and Nicole.

gollark: Okay, there we go.
gollark: ++exec -L python```import math```
gollark: Ah. yes. Hmm.
gollark: ++exec -L python```import math```
gollark: Done. Expect it to break since I maybe had good reasons for designing it this way.

References
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  4. "Charles M.A. Stine Award". AIChE. 2013-02-15. Retrieved 2013-10-08.
  5. "Top 100 Materials Scientists | ScienceWatch | Thomson Reuters". ScienceWatch. Retrieved 2013-10-08.
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  7. Rowe, Aaron. "Top 10 Scientific Breakthroughs of 2007". Wired.com. Retrieved 2013-10-08.
  8. "Nicholas A. Kotov | Michigan Engineering". Engin.umich.edu. Retrieved 2013-10-08.
  9. Zhiyong Tang; Nicholas A. Kotov; Michael Giersig (2002). "Spontaneous Organization of Single CdTe Nanoparticles into Luminescent Nanowires". Science. 297 (5579): 237–40. Bibcode:2002Sci...297..237T. doi:10.1126/science.1072086. PMID 12114622.
  10. Wei Chen; Ai Bian; Ashish Agarwal; Liqiang Liu; Hebai Shen; Libing Wang; Chuanlai Xu; Nicholas A. Kotov (2009). "Nanoparticle Superstructures Made by Polymerase Chain Reaction: Collective Interactions of Nanoparticles and a New Principle for Chiral Materials". Nano Letters. 9 (5): 2153–2159. doi:10.1021/nl900726s. PMID 19320495. S2CID 35163925.
  11. G. Decher; J. D. Hong; J. Schmitt (1992). "Buildup of ultrathin multilayer films by a self-assembly process: III. Consecutively alternating adsorption of anionic and cationic polyelectrolytes on charged surfaces". Thin Solid Films. 210/211: 831. Bibcode:1992TSF...210..831D. doi:10.1016/0040-6090(92)90417-A.
  12. Kotov, Nicholas A. (1996). "Ultrathin graphite oxide-polyelectrolyte composites prepared by self-assembly: Transition between conductive and non-conductive states". Advanced Materials. 8 (8): 637–641. doi:10.1002/adma.19960080806.
  13. Cassagneau, Thierry; Fendler, Janos H. (1998). "High Density Rechargeable Lithium-Ion Batteries Self-Assembled from Graphite Oxide Nanoplatelets and Polyelectrolytes". Advanced Materials. 10 (11): 877–881. doi:10.1002/(sici)1521-4095(199808)10:11<877::aid-adma877>3.0.co;2-1.
  14. Stankovich, Sasha; Dikin, Dmitriy A.; Dommett, Geoffrey H. B.; Kohlhaas, Kevin M.; Zimney, Eric J.; Stach, Eric A.; Piner, Richard D.; Nguyen, SonBinh T.; Ruoff, Rodney S. (2006). "Graphene-based composite materials". Nature. 442 (7100): 282–286. Bibcode:2006Natur.442..282S. doi:10.1038/nature04969. PMID 16855586.
  15. Paul Podsiadlo; Amit K. Kaushik; Ellen M. Arruda; Anthony M. Waas; Bong Sup Shim; Jiadi Xu; Himabindu Nandivadu; Benjamin G. Pumplin; Joerg Lahann; Ayyalusamy Ramamoorthy; Nicholas A. Kotov (2007). "Ultrastrong and Stiff Layered Polymer Nanocomposites". Science. 318 (5847): 80–3. Bibcode:2007Sci...318...80P. doi:10.1126/science.1143176. PMID 17916728.
  16. Lagaly, G (1986). "Interaction of alkylamines with different types of layered compounds". Solid State Ionics. 22 (1): 43–51. doi:10.1016/0167-2738(86)90057-3.
  17. Podsiadlo, Paul; Kaushik, Amit K.; Arruda, Ellen M.; Waas, Anthony M.; Shim, Bong Sup; Xu, Jiadi; Nandivada, Himabindu; Pumplin, Benjamin G.; Lahann, Joerg (2007-10-05). "Ultrastrong and Stiff Layered Polymer Nanocomposites". Science. 318 (5847): 80–83. Bibcode:2007Sci...318...80P. doi:10.1126/science.1143176. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 17916728.
  18. Gao, Huai-Ling; Chen, Si-Ming; Mao, Li-Bo; Song, Zhao-Qiang; Yao, Hong-Bin; Cölfen, Helmut; Luo, Xi-Sheng; Zhang, Fu; Pan, Zhao (2017-08-18). "Mass production of bulk artificial nacre with excellent mechanical properties". Nature Communications. 8 (1): 287. doi:10.1038/s41467-017-00392-z. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 5562756. PMID 28821851.
  19. Kotov, N. A.; Magonov, S.; Tropsha, E. (1998-03-01). "Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembly of Alumosilicate−Polyelectrolyte Composites: Mechanism of Deposition, Crack Resistance, and Perspectives for Novel Membrane Materials". Chemistry of Materials. 10 (3): 886–895. doi:10.1021/cm970649b. ISSN 0897-4756.
  20. Carosio, Federico; Laufer, Galina; Alongi, Jenny; Camino, Giovanni; Grunlan, Jaime C. (2011). "Layer-by-layer assembly of silica-based flame retardant thin film on PET fabric". Polymer Degradation and Stability. 96 (5): 745–750. doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2011.02.019.
  21. Zhiyong Tang; Zhenli Zhang; Ying Wang; Sharon C. Glotzer; Nicholas A. Kotov (2006). "Self-Assembly of CdTe Nanocrystals into Free-Floating Sheets". Science. 314 (5797): 274–8. Bibcode:2006Sci...314..274T. doi:10.1126/science.1128045. PMID 17038616. S2CID 18839769.
  22. Sudhanshu Srivastava; Aaron Santos; Kevin Critchley; Ki-Sub Kim; Paul Podsiadlo; Kai Sun; Jaebeom Lee; Chuanlai Xu; G. Daniel Lilly; Sharon C. Glotzer; Nicholas A. Kotov (2010). "Light-Controlled Self-Assembly of Semiconductor Nanoparticles into Twisted Ribbons". Science. 327 (5971): 1355–9. Bibcode:2010Sci...327.1355S. doi:10.1126/science.1177218. PMID 20150443.
  23. Zhou, Yunlong; Marson, Ryan L.; van Anders, Greg; Zhu, Jian; Ma, Guanxiang; Ercius, Peter; Sun, Kai; Yeom, Bongjun; Glotzer, Sharon C. (2016-03-22). "Biomimetic Hierarchical Assembly of Helical Supraparticles from Chiral Nanoparticles". ACS Nano. 10 (3): 3248–3256. doi:10.1021/acsnano.5b05983. ISSN 1936-0851. PMID 26900920.
  24. Feng, Wenchun; Kim, Ji-Young; Wang, Xinzhi; Calcaterra, Heather A.; Qu, Zhibei; Meshi, Louisa; Kotov, Nicholas A. (2017-03-01). "Assembly of mesoscale helices with near-unity enantiomeric excess and light-matter interactions for chiral semiconductors". Science Advances. 3 (3): e1601159. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1601159. ISSN 2375-2548. PMC 5332156. PMID 28275728.
  25. Xia, Yunsheng; Nguyen, Trung Dac; Yang, Ming; Lee, Byeongdu; Santos, Aaron; Podsiadlo, Paul; Tang, Zhiyong; Glotzer, Sharon C.; Kotov, Nicholas A. (2011-08-21). "Self-assembly of self-limiting monodisperse supraparticles from polydisperse nanoparticles". Nature Nanotechnology. 6 (9): 580–587. doi:10.1038/nnano.2011.121. ISSN 1748-3395. PMID 21857686.
  26. Kotov, Nicholas A. (2010-10-08). "Inorganic Nanoparticles as Protein Mimics". Science. 330 (6001): 188–189. doi:10.1126/science.1190094. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 20929766.
  27. Batista, Carlos A. Silvera; Larson, Ronald G.; Kotov, Nicholas A. (2015-10-09). "Nonadditivity of nanoparticle interactions". Science. 350 (6257): 1242477. doi:10.1126/science.1242477. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 26450215.
  28. Ma, Wei; Xu, Liguang; de Moura, André F.; Wu, Xiaoling; Kuang, Hua; Xu, Chuanlai; Kotov, Nicholas A. (2017-06-28). "Chiral Inorganic Nanostructures". Chemical Reviews. 117 (12): 8041–8093. doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00755. ISSN 0009-2665. PMID 28426196.
  29. Cha, Sang-Ho; Hong, Jin; McGuffie, Matt; Yeom, Bongjun; VanEpps, J. Scott; Kotov, Nicholas A. (2015-09-22). "Shape-Dependent Biomimetic Inhibition of Enzyme by Nanoparticles and Their Antibacterial Activity". ACS Nano. 9 (9): 9097–9105. doi:10.1021/acsnano.5b03247. ISSN 1936-0851. PMID 26325486.
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