Neoptolemus I of Epirus

Neoptolemus I of Epirus (Greek: Νεοπτόλεμος Α' Ηπείρου) (370–357 BC) was a Greek king of Epirus and son of Alcetas I, and father of Troas, Alexander I of Epirus and Queen Olympias. He was a maternal grandfather of Alexander the Great.[1] He claimed he was a descendant of hero Achilles and King Lycomedes, while Emperor Caracalla claimed that he was a descendant of Neoptolemus I. Olympias was originally known as Polyxena and it is possible that Neoptolemus gave her that name.

For a hero, see Neoptolemus. For a grandson of this king, see Neoptolemus II of Epirus.
Neoptolemus I
King of Epirus
Reign370-357 BC
PredecessorAlcetas I of Epirus
SuccessorArybbas of Epirus
IssueAlexander I of Epirus
Olympias (married Philip II of Macedon)
Troas (married Arybbas of Epirus)
HouseAeacidae
FatherAlcetas I
ReligionAncient Greek religion

Etymology
Medallion depicting Poseidon and Olympias, daughter of Neoptolemus.

His name means "new war".[2] This was also a name of the son of the warrior Achilles and the Princess Deidamia in Greek mythology, and also the mythical progenitor of the ruling dynasty of the Molossians of ancient Epirus.

Reign

On the death of Alcetas, Neoptolemus and his brother Arybbas agreed to divide the kingdom, and continued to rule their respective portions without any interruption of the harmony between them, until the death of Neoptolemus, which, according to German historian Johann Gustav Droysen, may be placed about 360 BC. The first epigraphical evidence of the Molossian League goes back to 370 BC under Neoptolemus.[3]

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See also
  • List of the kings of Ancient Epirus

Notes
  1. Lemprière, John. Classical Dictionary, Containing a Copious Account of All the Proper Names, 1825.
  2. Name of Neoptolemus
  3. Cabanes, L'Épire 534,1

References

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1870). "Neoptolemus". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology.

Preceded by
Alcetas I		 King of Epirus
with Arymbas
370–357 BC		 Succeeded by
Arymbas
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