National Democratic Front (Mexico)
The National Democratic Front (Spanish: Frente Democrático Nacional, originally named Democratic Revolution Party)[1] was a coalition of left-wing Mexican political parties created in 1988 presidential elections, and that is the immediate antecedent of the Party of the Democratic Revolution. It was result of an agglutination of small political left and center-left forces with dissident members of Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). Their candidate for the presidential election was Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas.
National Democratic Front Frente Democrático Nacional | |
|---|---|
| Leader | Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas |
| Founded | 1988 |
| Dissolved | 1988 |
| Merger of | Socialist Mexican Party Authentic Party of the Mexican Revolution Party of the Cardenist Front of National Reconstruction Popular Socialist Party Coalición Obrera, Campesina y Estudiantil del Istmo Unión Popular Revolucionaria Emiliano Zapata Central Campesina Cardenista Central Independiente de Obreros Agrícolas y Campesinos Asamblea de Barrios de la Ciudad de México Unión de Colonias Populares |
| Succeeded by | Party of the Democratic Revolution (not legal successor) |
| Ideology | Social democracy Socialism |
| Political position | Center-left to left-wing |
History
Background
The National Democratic Front had its origins in the PRI, where the Democratic Current, headed by Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas, Porfirio Muñoz Ledo, César Buenrostro, Ifigenia Martínez, among others, in 1987, tried, among other things, to democratize the internal election in the PRI. Finally after Carlos Salinas de Gortari was nominated the official candidate of the PRI by outgoing president Miguel de la Madrid, the members of the Democratic Current broke from the PRI, looking for a party to support Cárdenas' presidential candidacy.
On October 14, 1987, Cárdenas received the nomination by the Authentic Party of the Mexican Revolution (PARM). Shortly after, the Party of the Cardenist Front of National Reconstruction (PFCRN), the Social Democratic Party, the Popular Socialist Party (PPS), the Liberal Party and the Green Party (the predecessor the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico), all of them small political forces, endorsed him as well. These parties would only nominate Cárdenas as their candidate, but they would not contribute to the formation of the Party of the Democratic Revolution later.
Formation
Cárdenas and Muñoz Ledo created a pact in 1988 with the Mexican left in which the Mexican Socialist Party (whose candidate was Heberto Castillo) decided to support Cárdenas' candidacy as well. Also, the alliance with social organizations was obtained, like the Coalition of Workers, Peasants, and Students of the Isthmus (COCEI) (that had gained the local elections in Juchitán de Zaragoza), the Independent Central of Agricultural Workers and Peasants (CIOAC), the Assembly of Districts of the City of Mexico (created after 1985 earthquakes), the Union of Popular Colonies and the Revolutionary Union of Emiliano Zapata, among others. This agglomerate of civil parties and organizations they would be, along with the Democratic Current of the PRI, the base of future PRD.
Aftermath
The winning candidate of the race on July 6, 1988 was Carlos Salinas de Gortari, but he suffered a crisis of legitimacy, because Cárdenas proclaimed himself the winner accusing the PRI of having stolen the election.
After the elections, great part of the parties and social organizations who had formed the National Democratic Front decided to join forces into a new party, the Party of the Democratic Revolution, that would formally found in the May 5, 1989, with Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas as their president.
References
- Yoo, Aileen S. (1998). "The Rise and Fall of Mexican Politics". Washington Post.