Myrica faya

Myrica faya (firetree, faya or haya; syn. Morella faya (Ait.) Wilbur) is a species of Myrica, native to Macaronesia (the Azores, Madeira, and the Canary Islands), and possibly also western coastal mainland Portugal.[1]

Fruit

"Firetree" redirects here. For the tree endemic to Guam and Rota in Micronesia, see Serianthes nelsonii. For the city in Chad, see Faya-Largeau. For the R&B duo, see Faya.

Myrica faya
Myrica faya foliage and male catkins
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Fagales
Family:	Myricaceae
Genus:	Myrica
Species:	M. faya
Binomial name
Myrica faya Ait.

It is an evergreen shrub or small tree 3–8 m tall, rarely up to 15 m tall. The leaves are usually a dark, glossy green, 4–11 cm long and 1–3 cm broad, with an entire margin and a bluntly pointed apex. It easily grows in any type of soil.

It is subdioecious, with the male and female flowers produced largely on separate plants, but often with a few flowers of the other sex present (Binggeli 1997). The male flowers have four stamens and are normally produced in clumps close to the branch. The female flowers, usually occurring in similar groups grow slightly farther from the branch tips. The fruit is an edible drupe 5–6 mm diameter, it is a reddish purple ripening dark purple to black. It is used as an astringent remedy for catarrh (Pérez 1999, Rushforth 1999).

In Macaronesian islands it occurs most abundantly at altitudes of 600–900 m. The population in Continental Portugal may be native or naturalised following early importation from Madeira or the Azores (Rushforth 1999). It is an invasive species in Hawaii (Vitousek et al. 1987), where it displaces native trees such as Metrosideros polymorpha, with profound impacts on nitrogen cycling (Vitousek & Walker 1989).

References

1. "Myrica faya: Review of the Biology, Ecology, Distribution, and Control, Including an Annotated Bibliography". UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI'I AT MANOA. Retrieved August 7, 2020.

• Binggeli, P. (1997). Myrica faya. University of Bangor.
• Pérez, M. Á. C. (1999). Native Flora of the Canary Islands. ISBN 978-84-241-3555-3.
• Rushforth, K. D. (1999). Trees of Britain and Europe. ISBN 978-0-00-220013-4.
• Vitousek, P.M., L.R. Whiteaker, D. Mueller-Dombois & P.A. Matson (1987). "Biological invasion by Myrica faya alters ecosystem development in Hawai'i". Science. 238 (4828): 802–804. doi:10.1126/science.238.4828.802. PMID 17814707.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
• Vitousek, P.M. & L.R. Walker Queit (1989). "Biological invasion by Myrica faya: Plant demography, nitrogen fixation, ecosystem effects". Ecological Monographs. 59 (3): 247–265. doi:10.2307/1942601. JSTOR 1942601.
• Flora Europaea: Myrica faya
• University of Hawaii: Myrica faya native habitats
• University of Hawaii: Myrica faya as an invasive species in Hawaii