Murayama Cabinet
The Murayama Cabinet (村山内閣, Murayama naikaku) governed Japan under the leadership of Prime Minister Tomiichi Murayama from 1994 until a 1995 Cabinet Reshuffle. Murayama was elected prime minister by the National Diet on 29 June 1994 after the threat of a no-confidence vote had brought down the previous minority Hata Cabinet. Murayama's and his cabinet's formal investiture by the Emperor took place one day later.
| Murayama Cabinet | |
|---|---|
 81st Cabinet of Japan | |
 | |
| Date formed | June 30, 1994 |
| Date dissolved | January 11, 1996 |
| People and organisations | |
| Head of state | Emperor Akihito |
| Head of government | Tomiichi Murayama |
| Deputy head of government | Yōhei Kōno (1994-95) Ryutaro Hashimoto (1995-96) |
| Member party | LDP–Socialist–New Party Sakigake Coalition |
| Status in legislature | Coalition majority |
| Opposition party | Japan Renewal Party (1994) New Frontier Party (1994-96) |
| Opposition leader | Tsutomu Hata (1994) Toshiki Kaifu (1994-95) Ichirō Ozawa (1995-96) |
| History | |
| Election(s) | 1995 councillors election |
| Predecessor | Hata Cabinet |
| Successor | First Hashimoto Cabinet |
The coalition cabinet consisted of 13 Liberal Democrats, six Socialists (including the Prime Minister) and two members of New Party Sakigake. All ministers were members of the Diet, the only woman in the cabinet was science and technology minister Makiko Tanaka.
The government lasted until January 5, 1996, when Murayama announced his resignation. The 3-party coalition continued under LDP leadership with Deputy Prime Minister Ryutaro Hashimoto becoming the new Prime Minister on January 11.[1]
Election of the Prime Minister
The decision by the LDP to support the leader of their traditional rival, the Socialists, for Prime Minister caused a split in party ranks. Former LDP Prime Minister Toshiki Kaifu announced that he was leaving the party and was put forward by the anti-LDP coalition parties led by Tsutomu Hata and Ichirō Ozawa as their candidate for Prime Minister when the vote was held on June 29.[2]
| House of Representatives | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Choice | First Vote | ||
| Votes | |||
| Tomiichi Murayama | 241 / 511 | ||
| Toshiki Kaifu | 220 / 511 | ||
| Tetsuzo Fuwa | 15 / 511 | ||
| Yohei Kono | 5 / 511 | ||
| Blank Ballot | 23 / 511 | ||
| Abstentions (Including Speaker and Deputy) | 7 / 511 | ||
| Source Political Data: Japanese Politics 1994 | |||
Since no candidate gained an absolute majority in the first round, a runoff vote between Murayama and Kaifu was held later the same day, with Murayama being elected with the support of the Japan Socialist Party, New Party Sakigake and the majority of the LDP.
| House of Representatives | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Choice | Runoff Vote | ||
| Votes | |||
 |
261 / 511 | ||
| Toshiki Kaifu | 214 / 511 | ||
| Blank Ballot | 29 / 511 | ||
| Abstentions (Including Speaker and Deputy) | 7 / 511 | ||
| Source Political Data: Japanese Politics 1994 | |||
Ministers of State
Socialist
Liberal Democratic
New Party Sakigake
Independent
R = Member of the House of Representatives
C = Member of the House of Councillors
First Cabinet
| Portfolio | Minister | Term of Office | Diet membership | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prime Minister | Tomiichi Murayama | June 30, 1994 - January 11, 1996 | R | Ōita 1 | |
| Deputy Prime Minister | Yōhei Kōno | June 30, 1994 - October 2, 1995 | R | Kanagawa 3 | |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | June 30, 1994 - January 11, 1996 | ||||
| Minister of Justice | Isao Maeda | June 30, 1994 - August 8, 1995 | C | Wakayama | |
| Minister of Finance | Masayoshi Takemura | June 30, 1994 - January 11, 1996 | R | Shiga At-large | |
| Minister of Education | Kaoru Yosano | June 30, 1994 - August 8, 1995 | R | Tokyo 1 | |
| Minister of Welfare | Shōichi Ide | June 30, 1994 - August 8, 1995 | R | Nagano 2 | |
| Minister of Agriculture | Taichirō Ōgawara | June 30, 1994 - August 8, 1995 | C | national proportional | |
| Minister of Trade and Industry | Ryūtarō Hashimoto | June 30, 1994 - January 11, 1996 | R | Okayama 2 | |
| Minister of Transportation | Shizuka Kamei | June 30, 1994 - August 8, 1995 | R | Hiroshima 3 | |
| Minister of Posts and Telecommunications | Shun Ōide | June 30, 1994 - August 8, 1995 | R | Kanagawa 4 | |
| Minister of Labour | Mansō Hamamoto | June 30, 1994 - August 8, 1995 | C | Hiroshima | |
| Minister of Construction | Kōken Nosaka | June 30, 1994 - August 8, 1995 | R | Tottori At-large | |
| Minister of Home Affairs Chairman of the National Public Safety Commission |
Hiromu Nonaka | June 30, 1994 - August 8, 1995 | R | Kyoto 2 | |
| Chief Cabinet Secretary | Kōzō Igarashi | June 30, 1994 - August 8, 1995 | R | Hokkaidō 2 | |
| Director of the Management and Coordination Agency | Tsuruo Yamaguchi | June 30, 1994 - August 8, 1995 | R | Gunma 3 | |
| Director of the Hokkaidō Development Agency Director of the Okinawa Development Agency |
Sadayoshi Ozato | June 30, 1994 - January 20, 1995 | R | Kagoshima 2 | |
| Kiyoshi Ozawa | January 20, 1995 - August 8, 1995 | R | Tokyo 7 | ||
| Director of the Defense Agency | Masahiko Kōmura | June 30, 1994 - August 8, 1995 | R | Yamaguchi 2 | |
| Director of the Economic Planning Agency | Tokuichirō Tamazawa | June 30, 1994 - August 8, 1995 | R | Iwate 1 | |
| Director of the Science and Technology Agency | Makiko Tanaka | June 30, 1994 - August 8, 1995 | R | Niigata 3 | |
| Director of the Environment Agency | Shin Sakurai | June 30, 1994 - August 14, 1994 | R | Niigata 3 | |
| Sōhei Miyashita | August 14, 1994 - August 8, 1995 | R | Nagano 3 | ||
| Director of the National Land Agency | Kiyoshi Ozawa | June 30, 1994 - August 8, 1995 | R | Tokyo 7 | |
| Minister of State (Disaster management) | Sadayoshi Ozato | January 20, 1995 - August 8, 1995 | R | Kagoshima 2 | |
Changes
- August 14, 1994 - Environment Minister Shin Sakurai resigned after making controversial statements related to Japan's role in the Second World War and was replaced with Sohei Miyashita[3]
- January 20, 1995 - Sadayoshi Ozato was moved to become the Director of the Disaster Management Agency in response to the Great Hanshin earthquake, and was replaced as minister for Okinawa and Hokkaido development by Kiyoshi Ozawa.
Other positions
| Deputy Chief Cabinet Secretaries | Hiroyuki Sonoda | NPH | HR, Kumamoto 2 |
| Nobuo Ishihara (until 24 February 1995) | – | – | |
| Teiichirō Furukawa (from 24 February 1995) | – | – | |
| Legislation Bureau | Takao Ōde | – | – |
Reshuffled Cabinet
| Portfolio | Minister | Term of Office | Diet membership | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prime Minister | Tomiichi Murayama | June 30, 1994 - January 11, 1996 | R | Ōita 1 | |
| Deputy Prime Minister | Yōhei Kōno | June 30, 1994 - October 2, 1995 | R | Kanagawa 3 | |
| Ryūtarō Hashimoto | October 2, 1995 - January 11, 1996 | R | Okayama 2 | ||
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | Yōhei Kōno | June 30, 1994 - January 11, 1996 | R | Kanagawa 3 | |
| Minister of Justice | Tomoharu Tazawa | August 8, 1995 - October 9, 1995 | C | National Proportional | |
| Hiroshi Miyazawa | October 9, 1995 - January 11, 1996 | C | Hiroshima | ||
| Minister of Finance | Masayoshi Takemura | June 30, 1994 - January 11, 1996 | R | Shiga At-large | |
| Minister of Education | Yoshinobu Shimamura | August 8, 1995 - January 11, 1996 | R | Tokyo 10th | |
| Minister of Welfare | Tadayoshi Morii | August 8, 1995 - January 11, 1996 | R | Hiroshima 2nd | |
| Minister of Agriculture | Hosei Norota | August 8, 1995 - January 11, 1996 | R | Akita 1st | |
| Minister of Trade and Industry | Ryūtarō Hashimoto | June 30, 1994 - January 11, 1996 | R | Okayama 2nd | |
| Minister of Transportation | Takeo Hiranuma | August 8, 1995 - January 11, 1996 | R | Okayama 1st | |
| Minister of Posts and Telecommunications | Issei Inoue | August 8, 1995 - January 11, 1996 | R | Osaka 3rd | |
| Minister of Labour | Shinji Aoki | August 8, 1995 - January 11, 1996 | C | Shizuoka | |
| Minister of Construction | Yoshirō Mori | August 8, 1995 - January 11, 1996 | R | Ishikawa 1st | |
| Minister of Home Affairs Chairman of the National Public Safety Commission |
Takashi Fukaya | August 8, 1995 - January 11, 1996 | R | Tokyo 8th | |
| Chief Cabinet Secretary Minister for Disaster Relief and Reconstruction |
Koken Nosaka | August 8, 1995 - January 11, 1996 | R | Tottori At-large | |
| Director of the Management and Coordination Agency | Takami Eto | August 8, 1995 - November 13, 1995 | R | Miyazaki 1st | |
| Masateru Nakayama | November 13 - January 11, 1996 | R | Osaka 2nd | ||
| Director of the Hokkaidō Development Agency Director of the Okinawa Development Agency |
Masaaki Takagi | August 8, 1995 - January 11, 1996 | C | Hokkaidō | |
| Director of the Defense Agency | Seishiro Etō | August 8, 1995 - January 11, 1996 | R | Oita 1st | |
| Director of the Economic Planning Agency | Isamu Miyazaki | August 8, 1995 - January 11, 1996 | - | Not in the Diet | |
| Director of the Science and Technology Agency | Yasuoki Urano | August 8, 1995 - January 11, 1996 | R | Aichi 4th | |
| Director of the Environment Agency | Tadamori Oshima | August 8, 1995 - January 11, 1996 | R | Aomori 1st | |
| Director of the National Land Agency | Seiichi Ikehata | August 8, 1995 - January 11, 1996 | R | Hokkaido 4th | |
Changes
- October 2 - Following the 1995 LDP Leadership election Ryutaro Hashimoto became LDP President and replaced Yōhei Kōno as Deputy Prime Minister. Both retained their ministerial portfolios.
- October 9 - Justice minister Tomoharu Tazawa resigned following a campaign finance scandal, and was replaced by Hiroshi Miyazawa.[4]
- November 13 - Takami Eto resigned as Director of the Management and Co-ordination agency following controversial remarks about the treatment of conquered peoples during the Second World War, and was replaced by Masateru Nakayama.[5]
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gollark: Ratios and perhaps just broken fudge factors.
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References
- "Murayama Resigns, Rules Out New Elections". Moscow Times. 6 January 1996. Archived from the original on 9 December 2016. Retrieved 9 December 2016.CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
- Blustein, Paul (June 30, 1994). "SOCIALIST ELECTED JAPANESE PREMIER". Washington post. Retrieved 7 December 2016.
- Rei Shiratori (1996). "Description of Japanese Politics in 1995". European Journal of Political Research. 30. Retrieved 7 December 2016.
- KRISTOF, NICHOLAS D. (October 10, 1995). "Tokyo Justice Chief Quits in Scandal Over Buddhist Funds". New York Times. Retrieved 7 December 2016.
- "Japanese ex-minister found dead in Vietnam hotel room" - AFP - Nov 22, 2007 - Accessed Dec 1, 2014
External links
- Kantei/Cabinet of Japan: Murayama Cabinet (in Japanese)
- The New York Times, 1 July 1994: Japan's First Socialist Premier Appoints a Familiar Cabinet
- The Chicago Tribune, 26 June 1994: Japan's Short Era of Political Reform may be over
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