Mu of Balhae
Dae Mu-ye, also known as King Mu (Korean: 무왕; Hanja: 武王) (r. 719–737), was the second king of the Balhae. He is noted for the military expansion of his domain.[1]
| Mu of Balhae | |||||||||
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| Chinese | 武王 | ||||||||
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| Chinese | 大武艺 | ||||||||
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| Monarchs of Korea Balhae |
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Background
Dae Mu-ye was the eldest son of Dae Jo-yeong, the founder of the ancient kingdom of Balhae, He ascended to the throne after the death in 719 of his father. He was given the title of "King of the Gyeru Province" by Tang Emperor Xuanzong. He gave the posthumous title King Go to his father, Dae Jo-yeong. Since then, He declared the era name In-an, an act of independence from China's Tang dynasty. On the other hand, he frequently sent embassies to the Tang, including his sons and brothers.
Reign
Balhae's aggressive expansion triggered frictions with Tang China, Silla of southern Korea, the Khitans, the Xi, the Göktürks, and several Mohe tribes. When the Heishui Mohe in the north of Balhae came under the direct control of the Tang in 727, he attacked the Heisui Mohe fearing a pincer attack.
Dae Mun-ye (大門藝), His pro-Tang brother, opposed the military campaign and defected to the Tang. In 732, King Mu ordered a punitive expedition against Tang in present-day Shandong, sending the Balhae navy at the command of Jang Mun-hyu. In the same year, he led troops to Madushan (馬都山) in the vicinity of Shanhaiguan and occupied nearby towns.[2] In 733, Chinese Emperor Xuanzong ordered Dae Mun-ye to attack Balhae, along with forces from Silla, but the attack was unsuccessful and they were repelled.
In 727, Balhae began to dispatch embassies to Japan to avoid international isolation. The king sent an official document to Japan indicating that Balhae recovered the terrain of Goguryeo and succeeded to the culture of Buyeo. Japan, whose relationship with Silla was strained, welcomed them as a revival of Goguryeo.
In 732, He made an assault on Tang empire's Dengzhou. During the assault, the local governor of Dengzhou Wei Jun was killed. The assault was mostly an act of piracy and did not elevate to an international conflict until Wei's death. Later, Tang, allied with Silla, invaded Balhae but the advance of the allied troops was deterred by heavy snow.[3]
Dae Muye was succeeded by his son Dae Heummu in 737.
Family
- Father
- Dae Joyeong (대조영, 大祚榮)
- Mother
- Chulin
- Brothers
- Dae Munye (대문예, 大門藝)
- Dae Changbalga (대창발가, 大昌勃價)
- Dae Hoa (대호아, 大胡雅)
- Dae Nang-a (대낭아, 大郎雅)
- Dae Rim (대림, 大琳)
- Dae Bo-bang (대보방, 大寶方)
- Sons
- Dae Dorihaeng (대도리행, 大都利行)
- Dae Ui-sin (대의신)
- Dae Heummu (대흠무, 大欽茂)
- Dae Won-ui (대원의, 大元義)
See also
- List of Jurchen chieftains
- List of Korean monarchs
- History of Korea
References
- "「渤海と古代の日本」" (PDF). 2010 年度第 6 回日本海学講座. 酒寄 雅志.
- New History of Tang Dynasty Wuchengci zhuan, p.4597; Comprehensive Mirror to Add in Government, Vol.210, Xuanzhong Kaiyuan 21st Year, January, “Kaoyi”,p.6800
- Chen, Tiemin, ed. (2017). 王维集校注. Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company. p. 98. ISBN 9787101012002.
External links
- Encyclopædia Britannica
- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia
- Stearns, Peter N (ed.). Encyclopedia of World History (6 ed.). The Houghton Mifflin Company/Bartleby.com.
Citation
- Columbia Encyclopedia
- U.S. Library of Congress: Country Studies
- Provinces of Balhae Kingdom
- (in Korean) The extension of Balhae Kingdom under King Mu
Mu of Balhae Died: 737 | ||
| Regnal titles | ||
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| Preceded by Go |
King of Balhae 719–737 |
Succeeded by Mun |