Mount Wilhelm

Mount Wilhelm (German: Wilhelmsberg) is the highest mountain in Papua New Guinea at 4,509 metres (14,793 ft). It is part of the Bismarck Range and the peak is the point where three provinces, Simbu, Jiwaka and Madang, meet. The peak is also known as Enduwa Kombuglu, or Kombugl'o Dimbin, in the local Kuman.[2]

Mount Wilhelm
Enduwa Kombuglu' / Kombugl'o Dimbin
The granite peak of Mount Wilhelm
Highest point
Elevation4,509 m (14,793 ft)
Prominence2,969 m (9,741 ft) [1]
Ranked 97th
Isolation539 km (335 mi) 
ListingCountry high point
Ultra
Coordinates05°48′S 145°02′E 
Geography
Mount Wilhelm
Location of Mount Wilhelm in Papua New Guinea
LocationIntersection of Simbu, Jiwaka and Madang provinces in Papua New Guinea
Parent rangeBismarck Range
Climbing
First ascent15 August 1938 by Leigh Vial
Easiest routeRock scramble

The mountain is on the island of New Guinea, which incorporates Papua New Guinea and the Indonesian province of Papua. It is surpassed by Puncak Jaya, 4,884 m (16,024 ft), and several other peaks in Indonesian Papua.

Mount Wilhelm may be considered the highest mountain in Oceania (including Australia and New Zealand).[3] A Seven Summits list may therefore sometimes include Mount Wilhelm.

History

Discovery

Mount Wilhelm received its name in 1888 when a German newspaper correspondent, Hugo Zöller, climbed the Finisterre Range, south-east of Madang, and named the Bismarck Range after the German Chancellor, Otto von Bismarck, and the four highest peaks of the range after him and his children: Ottoberg, Herbert-berg, Marienberg and Wilhelm-berg.[4] Otto-berg seemed to Zöller to be the highest of the range, but it was later discovered to be only 11,600 feet (3,540 m) and the distant Wilhelmberg was much taller.[5]

It was not until August 1938 when Leigh Vial, a government patrol officer, and two Niu Ginians, his "Mangi mastas", "Namba Wan Bare Kuakawa" (Kugl'kane) and "Gend" ("Mondia Nigle"), made the first recorded ascent.[4] It was noted by Vial that even though the mountain was close to the equator, snow existed on top of the mountain at the time of ascent.[6]

WWII bomber crash
A wing from the wreckage of a US Air Force plane that crashed into Mount Wilhelm

During the Second World War in the early hours of May 22, 1944, an American F-7A (a converted B-24 Liberator) named "Under Exposed" crashed into the mountain while flying too low. The aircraft left from Nadzab airbase, close to Lae, and had been assigned for a reconnaissance mission to photograph Padaidori Island in Dutch New Guinea. Around 0400 the plane crashed into Wilhelm at about 13,000 feet (4,000 m) above the twin lakes.[7] All crew were killed and most of the wreckage landed in the topmost lake although some can still be seen today. The only remains at the site are from the plane, as all bodies have been recovered.

Climbing deaths

A number of people have died trying to climb the mountain. An Australian Army Sergeant, Christopher Donnan, died in December 1971 when he fell down a steep slope. There is a plaque at the point where he was last seen. In August 1995 an Israeli backpacker died after he sprained his ankle and stayed behind while his group continued. He subsequently wandered off the track and fell into a ravine in the pre-dawn darkness. His body was found about a week later.[8] On July 30, 2005, 58-year-old Bob Martin, a marketing manager at Air Niugini, suffered a heart attack and died near the summit.[9][10] In 2001, a student from Muaina High School (Muaina High school Mt Wilhelm Expedition) died at Piunde-foot of Mt Wilhelm. He was later found to be an asthmatic patient. Another, local Papua New Guinean, from Tari in the Southern Highlands Province, died in 2007 a few meters south of the Christopher Donnan plaque. Local sources revealed that the deceased was unaware of the warning and was wearing only his sporting suit, T-shirt and Dunlop shoes. He was covered by debris and fallen rock fragments, forming a talus at the base of the southern tip of the Christopher Donnan section.

Ascending
Dawn breaking on top of Mount Wilhelm
NASA Landsat image of Mount Wilhelm

Mount Wilhelm is the most accessible mountain to climb in Papua New Guinea. Climbers have a choice of two different routes to the top. The most common route starts from the village of Keglsugl at the end of the road from Kundiawa in Simbu province. A harder hike and climb starts from the village of Ambullua in Western Highlands province.

The Keglsugl route involves climbing up and through a mountain rain forest and then along an alpine grassland glacial valley to the twin lakes of Piunde and Aunde. At Piunde there are two huts, one being an old Australian National University monitoring station and the other an 'A-Frame' hut. Though not a technical climb, various sections can be treacherous in wet weather. The climb is usually started during the night; the ascent and subsequent descent can take anywhere from nine to 24 hours. Reaching the peak at dawn allows a better chance of clear weather.

The other route from Ambullua is a much more challenging 4-day hike.

gollark: You ACTUALLY BANNED HIM?
gollark: ++delete <@319753218592866315> (pro-penguin heresy)
gollark: It was a club with penguins in it.
gollark: Also, all of FTL's data/images/etc. are in some kind of giant blob.
gollark: C++ maybe.

See also

References
  1. This prominence is from Papua New Guinea ultra-prominent peaks on peaklist.org. The prominence is sometimes given as 2,949 metres (9,675 ft) or 2,922 m (9,587 ft).
  2. Nolan, Riall W. (1983). Bushwalking in Papua New Guinea (1 ed.). Lonely Planet. ISBN 0-908086-41-5.
  3. "Statistical Yearbook of Croatia, 2007" (PDF). dzs.hr. Retrieved 23 October 2017.
  4. Pérusse, Yvon (July 1993). Bushwalking in Papua New Guinea (2 ed.). Lonely Planet. p. 156. ISBN 0-86442-052-8.
  5. Souter, Gavin (1963). New Guinea: The Last Unknown. Angus & Robertson. p. 76. ISBN 0-207-94627-2.
  6. Vial, L.G. (May 1939). "The Kamans". Walkabout.
  7. "F7-A "Under Exposed" Serial Number 42-73052". Pacific Wreck Database. Retrieved 2007-01-16.
  8. Adrian Lipscomb; Rowan McKinnon; Jon Murray. Papua New Guinea (6 ed.). Lonely Planet. p. 231. ISBN 0-86442-402-7.
  9. "PNG Loses Great Tourism Ambassador". Papua New Guinea Business and Tourism Forum. Retrieved 2007-01-15.
  10. TPA Monthly Newsletter Update ISSUE 17 - July - August 2005
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