Monotube steam generator

A monotube steam generator is a type of steam generator consisting of a single tube, usually in a multi-layer spiral, that forms a once-through steam generator (OTSB). The first of these was the Herreshoff steam generator of 1873.[1]

Herreshoff steam generator in a Peruvian torpedo boat of 1879

Principles

For the sake of efficiency, it is desirable to minimise the steam content of the generator. Heat can then be transferred efficiently into liquid water, rather than into low-density steam. Monotube steam generators may either boil gradually along their length, usually pumped circulation systems,[2] but where this boiling does not disrupt the circulation. Otherwise they can use the Benson supercritical system, where the pressure is sufficient to prevent boiling (within the heated volume) altogether.[3]

Examples
White steam car steam generator

Examples of Monotube steam generators include:

Flash boilers
Main article: Flash boiler

A flash boiler is a particular type of low-water-content monotube boiler. Modern use is confined to model steam boats but, historically, flash boilers were used in Gardner-Serpollet steam cars.

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See also

References
  1. Light Steam Power. XXIV (3): 157–159. July–September 1975. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  2. Newest on Process Equipments (2012-11-25). "Boilers circulation systems: natural circulation and forced circulation". Enggcyclopedia. Retrieved 2012-12-02.
  3. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-09-23. Retrieved 2008-10-08.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  4. "Clayton Thermal Products UK - Steam Generators Principle of Operation". Archived from the original on 2012-02-09. Retrieved 2012-12-09.
  5. http://whitesteamcar.com/White_Steam_Car_Registry/Patents_files/Steam%20Generator%20%28US%20Pat%20659837%29.pdf
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