Milwaukee shoulder syndrome

Milwaukee shoulder syndrome (apatite-associated destructive arthritis) is a rheumatological condition similar to calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease (CPPD). It is associated with periarticular or intra-articular deposition of hydroxyapatite crystals. Crystal deposition in the joint causes the release of collagenases, serine proteases, elastases, and interleukin-1. This precipitates acute and rapid decline in joint function and degradation of joint anatomy. Subsequently disruption of the rotator cuff ensues.[1][2] Along with symptomatology, the disease typically presents with positive radiologic findings, often showing marked erosion of the humeral head, cartilage, capsule, and bursae. Though rare, it is most often seen in females beginning in their 50s or 60s. Diagnosis is made with arthrocentesis and Alizarin Red staining along with clinical symptoms.[3]

Milwaukee shoulder syndrome
SpecialtyRheumotology

Signs and symptoms

Signs and symptoms may include the following:

Diagnosis

Xrays, arthrography, USG, CTScan and MRI are helpful in diagnosing this condition

Treatment

Treatment may include the prescription of one or more of the following:

gollark: - it makes assumptions about any universes which might be embedding ours which we have ~zero evidence on- you can probably get "good enough" behavior by approximating heavily, although people will eventually notice
gollark: > checkmate simulation theory 😎If this is meant unironically, then no.
gollark: (Almost) nobody analyses a computer program by simulating every atom in the CPU or something.
gollark: There are, still, apparently reasonably good and useful-for-predictions models of what people do in stuff like behavioral economics and psychology, even if exactly how stuff works isn't known.
gollark: We cannot, yet, just spin up a bunch of test societies with and without [CONTENTIOUS THING REDACTED] to see if this is actually true.

References
  1. Milwaukee Shoulder Syndrome, Medcyclopedia (with image), via archive.org. Accessed 2013-1-27.
  2. Genta, Marcia S., Gambay, Cem. Milwaukee Shoulder. New England Journal of Medicine. 354;2. January 12, 2006
  3. Epis O, Viola E, Bruschi E, Benazzo F, Montecucco C.Reumatismo. 2005 Apr-Jun;57(2):69-77
  4. "Milwaukee Shoulder Syndrome". Archived from the original on 21 January 2016. Retrieved 9 Jan 2016.
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