Mikhail Mil

Mikhail Mil
Mikhail Mil
	Mil on a 1990 Russian commemorative postage stamp
Born	Mikhail Leontyevich Mil; 22 November 1909; Irkutsk, Irkutsk Governorate, Russian Empire
Died	31 January 1970 (aged 60); Moscow, Soviet Union
Nationality	Soviet Union (Russian)
Occupation	Engineer
Spouse(s)	P.G. Rudenko (m. 1932)
Children	daughters (4); son (1)
	Engineering career
Discipline	Aeronautical Engineering
Employer(s)	Mil Moscow Helicopter Plant
Signature

Mikhail Leontyevich Mil (Russian: Михаи́л Лео́нтьевич Миль; 22 November 1909 – 31 January 1970) was a Russian aerospace engineer and scientist. He was the founder and general designer of the Mil Moscow Helicopter Plant.[1]

Biography

Born to a Jewish family in Irkutsk. His father was an employee of the Trans-Siberian Railway, and his mother was a dentist. His grandfather was a cantonist who had been drafted from Libava (today Liepāja), Latvia, and who settled in Siberia after 25 years in the Imperial Russian Navy.

At age 12 Mil won the first prize in a model glider competition. In 1926 he entered the Siberian Technological Institute in Tomsk; however, since there was no curriculum for aeronautical engineering, he decided to transfer in 1928 to the Don Polytechnical Institute in Novocherkassk, where he was able to specialise in aviation. He married a fellow student, P.G. Rudenko, in 1932 and 4 daughters and a son followed.

After graduating from the Institute in 1931, Mil began his career at TsAGI, too late to work under its original founder, Nikolay Yegorovich Zhukovsky. He specialised in the design of autogyros, and was an assistant to his future rival, Nikolay Kamov. With the start of World War II, Mil was drafted into the Red Army and fought on the Eastern Front in 1941 near Yelnya. In 1943 he was called back to continue research and development in improving the stability and control of combat aircraft. He completed his dissertations ("Candidate", 1943, Ph.D., 1945) and in 1947 headed the Helicopter Lab at TsAGI, which was later turned into the Moscow Helicopter Plant.

Mil's creations won many domestic and international awards and set 69 world records. Most notably, the Mil Mi-4 won a Gold Medal in the Brussels International Exhibition in 1958. In 1971, after his death, his Mil Mi-12 won the Sikorsky Prize as the most powerful helicopter in the world. Unlike his Soviet counterpart, Nikolai Kamov, Mil enjoyed great prestige due to his single-rotor helicopters, as Kamov used the co-axial rotor layout, which was more controversial.

He died in 1970 in Moscow and was buried in Yudinskoe Cemetery in the outskirts of Moscow.

Awards and honors

Order of Lenin (three times) (incl. 28 July 1966)
Order of the Red Banner of Labour
Order of the Red Star
Hero of Socialist Labour - for outstanding contributions to the development of Soviet aviation, Mikhail Leontyevich Mil was awarded the title Hero of Socialist Labour and the Order of Lenin and the Hammer and Sickle Gold Medal
Lenin Prize (1958)
USSR State Prize (1968)
Order of the Patriotic War, 2nd class
Order of Polonia Restituta, 5th class (Poland)

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References

Pederson, Jay. International Directory of Company Histories, Vol. 24, St James Press (1998) ISBN 1-55862-365-5
Bull, Stephan. Encyclopedia of Military Technology and Innovation, Greenwood (2004) ISBN 1-57356-557-1
Gordon, Yefim. Soviet Air Power in World War II. Midland Publishing (2008) ISBN 1-85780-304-3

Central Museum of the Military Air Forces of the Russian Federation

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[1] Central Museum of the Military Air Forces of the Russian Federation