Metro La Raza

La Raza (Spanish pronunciation; Spanish for "the People"; literally "the Race")[2] is a transfer station of the Mexico City Metro in Gustavo A. Madero, Mexico City. It is a combined underground and surface station with 2 side platforms each, served by Lines 3 (the Light green line) and 5 (the Yellow line). La Raza station is located between Potrero and Tlatelolco on Line 3, and between Autobuses del Norte and Misterios on Line 5. It serves the colonias Vallejo and Héroes de Nacozari. The station's pictogram depicts the nearby the La Raza Monument, a pyramid-shaped construction erected in honor of la Raza, Mexico's many native peoples and cultures.

La Raza
STC rapid transit
Various scientific images are displayed in La Raza's transfer tunnel (pictured)
Location Insurgentes Norte Avenue
Leoncavallo and Paganini streets
Gustavo A. Madero, Mexico City
Mexico
Coordinates19°28′13″N 99°08′13″W
Operated bySistema Transporte Colectivo Metro
Line(s)Line 3
Line 5
Platforms4 side platforms
Tracks4
Connections La Raza
La Raza
Trolleybus Line 1
Construction
Structure type Underground
Surface
Disabled accessYes
History
Opened 25 August 1978
1 July 1982
Traffic
Passengers (2019) 11,364,171[1]
3,578,110[1]
Rank 38/195[1]
155/195[1]
Services
Preceding station STC Following station
Potrero
toward Indios Verdes
 Line 3 Tlatelolco
toward Universidad
Autobuses del Norte
toward Politécnico
 Line 5 Misterios
toward Pantitlán
Location
La Raza
Location within Mexico City

La Raza station opened on 25 August 1978 with service on Line 3 southward toward Hospital General. Southeasterly service on Line 5 toward Pantitlán started on 1 July 1982. The transfer tunnel has an approximate length of 600 meters (1,968 ft), the second-longest in the system. Inside the tunnel, there is a permanent science exhibition called El Túnel de la Ciencia (English for "The Tunnel of Science"), which was opened on 30 November 1988 and was installed by the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) to provide scientific information to passengers. The exposition features information about science and astronomy pictures. Additionally, there is a mural inside the station, titled Monstruos de fin de milenio, painted by Ariosto Otero Reyes.

Location
View of the La Raza bus terminal seen from outside of Line 3

La Raza is a transfer metro station in Gustavo A. Madero borough, northern Mexico City. The Line 3 station lies on Insurgentes Norte Avenue, while the Line 5 station lies on Leoncavallo and Paganini streets, near Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas. La Raza serves colonias Héroes de Nacozari and Vallejo. Within the system, it lies between Potrero and Tlatelolco on Line 3, and on Line 5, the station lies between Autobuses del Norte and Misterios.[3]

The area is serviced by a Centro de transferecia modal (CETRAM [es]), a type of transport hub,[4] La Raza Metrobús transfer station (Lines 1 and 3),[5] and Line 1 (formerly Line A) of the trolleybus system.[3]

Exits

There are five exits.[3]

  • Northwest: Insurgentes Norte Avenue, colonia Vallejo (Line 3).
  • Southwest: Insurgentes Norte Avenue, colonia Vallejo (Line 3).
  • West: Insurgentes Norte Avenue, colonia Héroes de Nacozari (Line 3).
  • North: Leoncavallo and Paganini streets, colonia Vallejo (Line 5).
  • South: Paganini street, colonia Vallejo (Line 5).

History and construction
La Raza's pictogram is based on the La Raza Monument pyramid (pictured)

Line 3 of Mexico City Metro was built by Ingeniería de Sistemas de Transportes Metropolitano, Electrometro, and Cometro (a subsidiary of Grupo ICA [es]);[6] La Raza Line 3 opened on 25 August 1978, on the first day of the La Raza–Hospital General service.[7] Line 5 of Mexico City Metro was built by Grupo ICA;[8] La Raza Line 5 opened on 1 July 1982, on the first day of the La Raza–Pantitlán service.[7]

The Line 3 station is underground,[9] while the Line 5 station is at the street level.[10] The transfer tunnel that connects Lines 3 and 5 has an approximate length of 600 m (1,968 ft),[11] and it is the second-longest in the system only after Atlalilco station, which connects Lines 8 and 12 (the Dark green and Golden lines, respectively), whose length is 880 m (2,887 ft).[12]

The La Raza's pictogram depicts the La Raza Monument (Spanish: Monumento a la Raza [es]), a pyramid-shaped construction erected in 1940 in honor of la Raza,[3][13] an ethnic movement by indigenous peoples of Mexico.[2] The facilities are accessible for the handicapped, and there is an Internet café, a help desk,[3] and a library.[14]

1995 shooting

On 28 September 1995, Ernesto Cruz Jiménez, a Huixquilucan police officer, entered a parked train and shot seven passengers, killing two of them.[15][16] Cruz, who after being arrested said he felt depressed, was sentenced to 50 years in prison.[17][18] After the incident, the Government of Mexico City installed walk-through metal detectors in the metro system.[16][19]

Ridership

In 2019, La Raza station had an overall ridership of 14,942,281 passengers.[1] For Line 3, the ridership was 11,364,171 passengers (31,134 passengers per day),[1] which was a decrease of 397,769 passengers compared to 2018.[20] For Line 5, the station had a ridership of 3,578,110 (9,803 passengers per day),[1] which was a decrease of 46,541 passengers compared to 2018.[20]

In 2019, the Line 3 station was the 38th busiest in the system, out of a total of 195 stations, and the 6th busiest of the line. The Line 5 station was the 155th busiest in the system and the 5th busiest of the line.[1]

Landmarks

El túnel de la ciencia

The El túnel de la ciencia Museum (English for "The Tunnel of Science")[29][30] is the longest permanent exposition in the world.[31] It displays science and astronomy pictures and information, and it is located inside the transfer tunnel. It was opened on 30 November 1988 and became the first Latin American scientific exhibition installed in a public transport location.[14] The purpose is to provide scientific information to passengers and it is aimed at young people since a large number of them are students at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) and the National Polytechnic Institute (IPN).[32] The tunnel measures 6,177 square meters (66,490 sq ft)[33] and features images of the autumn-sky constellations,[32] planets and satellites, the Milky Way,[34] and, in the middle of the tunnel, there is a drawn-to-scale representation of the celestial sphere displaying the 12 zodiac constellations, drawn with luminous paint.[14][35] The exhibition was installed by Universum, UNAM's science museum.[32] It is estimated that 60,000 people visit it with the guided tour service.[14] In 2018, the Institute of Astronomy of the UNAM (es) remodeled the tunnel.[14]

Other exhibitions

On 25 November 2008, the Metro authorities installed the 1997 mural Monstruos de fin de milenio (lit.transl. Monsters from the End of the Millenium), which was painted and donated to the metro system by Mexican painter Ariosto Otero Reyes (es).[36]

In June 2015, the Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV) of the IPN exhibited multiple human brains, their anatomy, and some injuries they suffered.[37] In April 2016, the Geology Museum of the UNAM (es) displayed rocks, fossils, minerals, and a shark jaw.[38] In June 2016, the system featured an exhibition of 80 preserved human body parts by the Tominaga Nakamoto University, a dusplay of 50 sculptures by Nour Kuri representing human bodies, and 6 photographs by Duilio Rodríguez representing pain.[39][40] In May and June 2018, La Raza station hosted exhibitions by Manuel de la Cera, Norma Patiño, Teresa Olalde, and the Metropolitan Autonomous University (UAM)'s LibroFest.[41]

From 21 August to 15 October 2018, the Secretariat of Agriculture and Rural Development (SAGARPA) and the National Commission for the Knowledge and Use of Biodiversity (CONABIO) displayed an exposition in the tunnel on bees and their ecological importance.[42] In 2020, the station temporarily displayed pictures, landscapes, and sculptures created by Swiss artist H. R. Giger.[43]

In August 2016, the Government of Mexico City built a bicycle parking station outside La Raza station.[44]

In the middle of the tunnel, a representation of the celestial sphere is depicted with luminous paint
Monstruos de Fin de Milenio mural by Ariosto Otero Reyes
The June 2016 exhibition on the human body displaying the nervous system
Síntomas by Duilio Rodríguez
Many of the La Raza landmarks and exhibitions

References
  1. "Afluencia de estación por línea 2019" (in Spanish). Sistema Transporte Colectivo Metro. 2020. Archived from the original on 8 April 2020. Retrieved 3 May 2020.
  2. Associated Press (13 July 2017). "Why The Term 'La Raza' Has Complicated Roots In The US". Colorado Public Radio. Archived from the original on 1 July 2020. Retrieved 28 April 2020.
  3. "La Raza" (in Spanish). Sistema de Transporte Colectivo. Archived from the original on 17 February 2020. Retrieved 20 August 2011.
  4. Delgado, Diana (4 June 2016). "Informales se instalan otra vez en paradero de La Raza". El Universal (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 19 June 2020. Retrieved 18 June 2020.
  5. "Metrobús - Ciudad de México: Ficha técnicas" (in Spanish). Mexico City Metrobús. Archived from the original on 7 August 2011. Retrieved 20 August 2011.
  6. "Línea 3, Ciudad de México" (in Spanish). iNGENET Infraestructura. Archived from the original on 10 September 2014. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  7. Transporte: Seis años de esfuerzo conjunto (in Spanish). I. Government of the Federal District Department. 1987. p. 17.
  8. "Línea 5, Ciudad de México" (in Spanish). iNGENET Infraestructura. Archived from the original on 2 September 2014. Retrieved 15 April 2020.
  9. "La Raza Metro Station (Línea 3) (Mexico City, 1978)". Structurae.net. Archived from the original on 18 June 2020. Retrieved 18 June 2020.
  10. "La Raza Metro Station (Línea 5) (Mexico City, 1982)". Structurae.net. Archived from the original on 18 June 2020. Retrieved 18 June 2020.
  11. "Transbordos en el Metro ¿una opción para ejercitarte?". Milenio (in Spanish). 12 January 2018. Archived from the original on 17 January 2019. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
  12. Díaz, Omar (22 January 2018). "Conoce los 10 transbordos más largos del Metro". Publimetro (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 1 July 2020. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
  13. "Estación La Raza del STC Metro" (in Spanish). Secretariat of Culture. Archived from the original on 1 July 2020. Retrieved 25 June 2020.
  14. "UNAM remodelará Museo Túnel de la Ciencia en el Metro de CDMX". Matutino Express (in Spanish). Televisa. 10 November 2018. Archived from the original on 1 July 2020. Retrieved 18 May 2020.
  15. Notimex (20 September 2019). "Hay tragedias en el Metro que no se olvidan". Excélsior (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 7 December 2019. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  16. "¡Accidentes y balaceras! Estos son los momentos de pánico que se han vivido en el Metro" (in Spanish). Grupo Fórmula. 11 March 2020. Archived from the original on 12 March 2020. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  17. "Le dan 50 años" (in Spanish). vLex.com. 28 April 1998. Archived from the original on 8 May 2020. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
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  20. "Afluencia de estación por línea 2018" (in Spanish). Sistema Transporte Colectivo Metro. 2019. Archived from the original on 6 June 2019. Retrieved 7 April 2020.
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  25. "Afluencia de estación por línea 2013" (in Spanish). Sistema Transporte Colectivo Metro. 2014. Archived from the original on 3 May 2020. Retrieved 6 May 2020.
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  30. Janzen, Rebecca (2015). "Conclusion: Crowds on Mexico City's Subway: The Ultimate Challenge". The National Body in Mexican Literature: Collective Challenges to Biopolitical Control. Meagher. p. 159. ISBN 978-1-137-54301-1.
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  32. Notimex (27 December 2015). "En el Metro de México, el museo más visitado del mundo". El Economista (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 1 July 2020. Retrieved 29 May 2020.
  33. López, Jonás (30 November 2019). "Cumple 31 años el Túnel de la Ciencia". Excélsior (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 1 July 2020. Retrieved 29 May 2020.
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  37. "Fotogalería: Exhiben cerebros en Metro La Raza". Excélsior (in Spanish). Mexico City. 10 June 2015. Archived from the original on 29 December 2015. Retrieved 26 June 2020.
  38. Ahumada, Dulce (11 April 2016). "Fósiles y dinosaurios llegan al Metro La Raza" (in Spanish). máspormás. Archived from the original on 1 July 2020. Retrieved 25 June 2020.
  39. Notimex (10 June 2016). "En el Metro La Raza, una muestra de partes humanas". El Economista (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 1 July 2020. Retrieved 25 June 2020.
  40. Tijerino, René (23 June 2016). "La exposición Transbordo, en la estación La Raza. Iniciativa del Palacio de la Escuela de Medicina". Gaceta UNAM (in Spanish). National Autonomous University of Mexico. Archived from the original on 26 June 2020. Retrieved 25 June 2020.
  41. "El Metro La Raza escenario para cuatro exposiciones del LibroFest Metropolitano 2018" (in Spanish). Radio Expresión México. 19 May 2018. Archived from the original on 1 July 2020. Retrieved 25 June 2020.
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  43. Notimex (25 January 2020). "Exponen obras de H. R. Giger en el Metro La Raza". El Universal (in Spanish). Mexico City. Archived from the original on 24 May 2020. Retrieved 25 June 2020.
  44. Pérez Courtade, Luis (5 August 2016). "Inauguran biciestacionamiento en el Metro La Raza". Excélsior (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 8 July 2017. Retrieved 25 June 2020.
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