Medora (horse)

Medora (1811–1835) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare who won the classic Oaks Stakes at Epsom Downs Racecourse in 1814. In a racing a career which lasted from April 1814 until May 1816 she ran thirteen times and won four races as well as twice "receiving forfeit" when her opponent did not appear for a scheduled match race. Unraced as a two-year-old Medora produced her best form in the first half of 1814, she finished third in the inaugural 1000 Guineas, won the Oaks and then claimed two races at Royal Ascot. She remained in training for two more seasons but was less successful, winning only one competitive race. She was retired to stud where she became a highly successful and influential broodmare, whose direct descendants won many major races throughout the 19th and 20th centuries.

Medora
Medora at stud c. 1828 by John Nott Sartorius
SireSelim
GrandsireBuzzard
DamSir Harry mare
DamsireSir Harry
SexMare
Foaled1811
CountryUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
ColourChestnut
BreederColonel Adeane
OwnerJohn Manners, 5th Duke of Rutland
Thomas Cussans
TrainerR D Boyce
Record13: 4-4-2
Major wins
Oaks Stakes (1814)
Swinley Forest Stakes (1814)
Billingbear Stakes (1814)

Background

Medora was a chestnut mare bred by Colonel Adeane[1] and sold as a yearling to John Manners, 5th Duke of Rutland. Her sire Selim won the Craven Stakes and the Oatlands Stakes at Newmarket and went on to have a successful stud career, siring the classic winners Azor (Epsom Derby), the unnamed Filly by Selim (1000 Guineas), Nicolo (2000 Guineas), Turcoman (2000 Guineas) and Turquoise (Oaks) as well as the British Champion sire Sultan.[2] Selim was British champion sire in 1814.[3] Medora's dam was an unnamed mare sired by the Derby winner Sir Harry.[4]

Racing career
The 5th Duke of Rutland, owned Medora in 1814 and 1815

1814: three-year-old season

Medora began her racing career on 26 April in the sixth running of the 2000 Guineas Stakes over the Rowley Mile course at Newmarket Racecourse. Despite being the only filly in the field and her lack of previous experience, she was made third favourite at odds of 7/1 against thirteen colts, but finished unplaced behind Mr Wyndham's Olive. Two days later Medora was one of five fillies, from an original entry of ten, to contest the inaugural running of the 1,000 Guineas over the Ditch Mile. She started 5/2 third favourite and finished third to Charlotte and the Duke of Grafton's Vestal.[5]

On 27 May Medora was moved up in distance to contest the Oaks Stakes over one and a half miles at Epsom. The Duke of Grafton's Wire and Lord Grosvenor's Zadora were made joint favourites, with Medora relatively unfancied at odds of 10/1 in a field of nine fillies. Ridden by Sam Barnard, she won the classic from Vestal, with Wire in third place.[6] At the Ascot meeting the following month, the Oaks winner ran twice. On the 9 June she defeated two opponents in the Windsor Forest Stakes over the Old Mile course, despite carrying a five pound weight penalty for her Epsom success. On the following afternoon she won the Billingbear Stakes over one and a half miles, conceding three pounds to General Gower's colt Mulatto.[7]

After a break of almost four months, Medora returned for the autumn meetings at Newmarket where she had three engagements. On 6 October, the Duke of Rutland was able to claim a 200 guinea prize without having to race his filly when Mr Wyndham withdrew his colt from a match against Medora over the Abington Mile course.[8] Eleven days later, on the opening day of the Second October meeting started 5/2 favourite for a sweepstakes over the Ditch Mile in which she was pitted against the Derby winner Blucher. She defeated her fellow classic winner, but both were beaten by the third runner, a four-year-old named Alcohol.[9] Three days later Medora ended her season by finishing third to Partisan in a sweepstakes over five furlongs.

1815: four-year-old season

Medora began the 1815 season, in which she ran exclusively at Newmarket, in the Port Stakes for four-year-old over two miles on 26 April. She finished last of the four runners behind Wire, Blucher and Wanderer.[10] On 12 May the filly contested a five furlong sweepstakes. She started the even money favourite and won from Mr Wilson's colt Capricorn and three other runners.[11]

Medora's only other run, after a break of more than five months, came on 18 October, when she ran in a division of the Oatlands Stakes, a handicap race over the Bunbury Mile. Carrying a weight of 115 pounds, she finished second to Castrella, with the 2000 Guineas winner Tigris in fourth.[12]

1816: five-year-old season

Before the start of the 1816 racing season Medora was sold to Thomas Cussans, but continued to race exclusively at Newmarket. Her first run for her new owner was scheduled to be a four furlong match against Skipjack on 1 May, but she was able to win the prize of 200 guineas without racing when her opponent was withdrawn. On the following afternoon, Medora contested a five furlong handicap in which she carried 124 pounds. She finished second to Lord Darlington's colt Sir Thomas, with the 1812 2000 Guineas winner Cwrw among the unplaced runners.[13] On 13 May at the next meeting, Medora was beaten Lord Darlington's Paulus on a five furlong match and ended her career two days later by finishing fourth to Equator, Partisan and Cwrw in a ten furlong handicap.[14]

Stud record

Medora was retired to become a broodmare for Cussans, although she subsequently changed ownership several times. In all she produced fourteen live foals between 1818 and 1834. In the following year Medora was sold for export to Germany but died on the passage to her new home in autumn 1835.[1]

The most immediately successful of Medora's offspring was the filly Gulnare (foaled in 1824, by Smolensko), who won the Oaks and went on to produce the 2000 Guineas winner The Corsair. Medora's lasting influence on the breed however, came through her third foal Pucelle (1821, by Muley). She was the ancestor of many important winners including The Ugly Buck (2000 Guineas), The Flea (1000 Guineas), Thebais (1000 Guineas and Oaks), Virago, War Cloud, Ribot, Sagaro and most importantly St Marguerite.[15]

St Marguerite won the 1000 Guineas in 1882 and became the foundation mare of Thoroughbred family 4n. Members of this family, all of them direct female-line descendants of St Marguerite and Medora, include Seabreeze (1000 Guineas and St Leger), Rock Sand, Gallant Fox, Canonero II, Triptych, Generous and Imagine.[16]

Pedigree
Pedigree of Medora (GB), chestnut mare, 1811[17]
Sire
Selim (GB)
1802		 Buzzard
1787		 Woodpecker Herod
Miss Ramsden
Misfortune Dux
Curiosity
Alexander mare
1790		 Alexander Eclipse
Grecian Princess
Highflyer mare Highflyer
Alfred mare
Dam
Sir Harry mare (GB)
1803		 Sir Harry
1795		 Sir Peter Teazle Highflyer
Papillon
Matron Alfred
Marske mare
Volunteer mare
1793		 Volunteer Eclipse
Tartar mare
sister to Petworth Herod
Golden Grove (Family 4-l)
gollark: I'm not even sure if it's on binary whatever or data structure whatever so oh bees please help.
gollark: I do not.
gollark: I think there's a bit missing on the end, actually.
gollark: It is, in fact, `Never gonna give you up\r\nNever gonna let you down\r\nNever gonna run around and desert you\r\nNever gonna make you cry\r\nNever gonna say goodbye\r\nNever gonna tell a lie and hurt yo:`.
gollark: It's a oneliner in python, `"".join(map(lambda a: chr(int(a, 2)), x.split(" ")))` where x is the string of bytes.

References
  1. Charles and James Weatherby (1840). "The General stud book". C Reynell. p. 277. Retrieved 2012-12-04.
  2. "Selim". Bloodlines.net. Retrieved 2012-01-28.
  3. Morris, Tony; Randall, John (1990). Horse Racing: Records, Facts, Champions (Third Edition). Guinness Publishing. ISBN 0-85112-902-1.
  4. Patricia Erigero Thoroughbred Heritage. "Sir Harry". Tbheritage.com. Retrieved 2012-12-05.
  5. Edward and James Weatherby (1815). Racing calendar. 1814. C H Reynell. p. 18. Retrieved 2012-12-04.
  6. Edward and James Weatherby (1815). Racing calendar. 1814. C H Reynell. p. 42. Retrieved 2012-12-04.
  7. Edward and James Weatherby (1815). Racing calendar. 1814. C H Reynell. p. 52. Retrieved 2012-12-04.
  8. Edward and James Weatherby (1815). Racing calendar. 1814. C H Reynell. p. 147. Retrieved 2012-12-04.
  9. Edward and James Weatherby (1815). Racing calendar. 1814. C H Reynell. p. 158. Retrieved 2012-12-04.
  10. Edward and James Weatherby (1816). Racing calendar. 1815. C H Reynell. p. 19. Retrieved 2012-12-05.
  11. Edward and James Weatherby (1816). Racing calendar. 1815. C H Reynell. p. 31. Retrieved 2012-12-05.
  12. Edward and James Weatherby (1816). Racing calendar. 1815. C H Reynell. p. 157. Retrieved 2012-12-05.
  13. Edward and James Weatherby (1817). Racing calendar. 1816. C H Reynell. p. 15. Retrieved 2012-12-05.
  14. Edward and James Weatherby (1817). Racing calendar. 1816. C H Reynell. p. 28. Retrieved 2012-12-05.
  15. "Thoroughbred Bloodlines - Golden Grove - Family 4-l". Bloodlines.net. Retrieved 2012-12-03.
  16. "Thoroughbred Bloodlines - St. Marguerite - Family 4-n". Bloodlines.net. Retrieved 2012-12-03.
  17. "Medora pedigree". equineline. 2012-05-08. Retrieved 2012-12-04.
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