María Cristina Trigo
María Cristina Trigo Viaña (1935 – 30 December 2014) was a Bolivian writer and human rights activist. She was married to the politician Marcelo Quiroga Santa Cruz, who was assassinated in 1980.
María Cristina Trigo | |
|---|---|
| Born | María Cristina Trigo Viaña 1935 La Paz, Bolivia |
| Died | (aged 79) La Paz, Bolivia |
| Occupation | Writer |
| Spouse(s) | |
Early life
María Cristina Trigo was born in La Paz in 1935. She began her education in 1941, completing her baccalaureate in her hometown in 1952.
In 1954, at age 19, María Cristina married Marcelo Quiroga Santa Cruz, who years later would become one of Bolivia's most prominent political personalities.[1] She gave birth to their daughter María Soledad in Santiago in 1957, and to their son Pablo Rodrigo in Salta in 1959.[2]
Activism and writing
On 17 July 1980, Trigo's husband Marcelo, then a deputy in the Bolivian National Congress, was detained, tortured, killed, and disappeared by the government of General Luis García Meza and his minister of the interior, Luis Arce Gómez.[1]
Six years later, on 7 April 1986, during the fourth government of President Víctor Paz Estenssoro, a trial of responsibilities was opened against García Meza and his closest collaborators during the period of military dictatorship in Bolivia. Trigo filed suit and was admitted as a civil party to the proceedings.[3] The final verdict was rendered on 21 April 1993, during the government of Jaime Paz Zamora, with García Meza being sentenced to 30 years in prison without the right to pardon.[4] Arce Gómez was also sentenced to 30 years, Waldo Bernal Pereira to five years, and Armando Reyes Villa (father of politician Manfred Reyes Villa) to two years.[3] At the time of the decision, García Meza was a fugitive from justice.[4]
In March 1994, García Meza was arrested in São Paulo by the federal police of Brazil. His extradition to Bolivia would last an entire year. In March 1995, he was flown to El Alto to begin serving his 30-year sentence in the maximum security prison at Chonchocoro. He died in a military hospital in April 2018. In a posthumous letter, he denied responsibility for Marcelo Quiroga's death, and blamed many of his regime's crimes on Arce Gómez.[4]
In 2006, Trigo released a novel entitled Las Muertes de Gabriel (ISBN 9789995410285), which continued a narrative her husband had begun in his poems.[5] In 2010, during the second government of President Evo Morales, Trigo filed a lawsuit before the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) against the Bolivian government due to its lack of willingness to find her husband's remains.[6]
Years later, Trigo also opposed the enactment of an anti-corruption law bearing her husband's name.[6]
Death
María Cristina Trigo died in La Paz on 30 December 2014 at age 79.[1][6] Marcelo Quiroga's remains were never recovered.[4]
See also
- 1980 Bolivian coup d'état
- Operation Condor
References
- Bustillos, Iván (4 January 2015). "Cristina Trigo de Quiroga Santa Cruz". La Razón (in Spanish). Retrieved 9 October 2019.
- Sánchez, Víctor L. (13 January 2015). "Recordando a María Cristina Trigo Viaña" [Remembering María Cristina Trigo Viaña]. Correo del Sur (in Spanish). Retrieved 9 October 2019.
- Sentencia pronunciada en los juicios de responsabilidad seguidos por el Ministerio Publico y coadyuvantes contra Luis Garcia Meza y sus colaboradores [Judgment Pronounced in the Consecutive Trials of Responsibility by the Public Ministry and Subordinate Parties Against Luis Garcia Meza and His Collaborators] (in Spanish). Sucre: Supreme Court of Bolivia. 21 April 1993. Retrieved 9 October 2019 – via Fundación Para el Debido Proceso.
- "Dictador García Meza elude responsabilidad de crímenes en carta póstuma" [Dictator García Meza Evades Responsibility for Crimes in Posthumous Letter]. dw.com (in Spanish). 30 April 2018. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
- Rodas Morales, Hugo (2010). Marcelo Quiroga Santa Cruz: 1931–1968 (in Spanish). Plural editores. p. 175. ISBN 9789995412791. Retrieved 9 October 2019 – via Google Books.
- Alanoca, Jesús (30 December 2014). "Muere viuda de Marcelo Quiroga Santa Cruz" [Widow of Marcelo Quiroga Santa Cruz Dies]. El Deber (in Spanish). Retrieved 9 October 2019.