Malkoçoğlu family

The Malkoçoğlu family (Turkish: Malkoçoğulları, Malkoçoğlu ailesi) or Yahyali[1] was one of the families that led the akıncı corps in Ottoman Empire between the 14th–16th centuries. They served mainly in the Balkan conquest of the empire. The members of the family usually served as beys, sanjak-beys, beylerbeys, pashas and castle commanders. Later on they joined the ranks of the Ottoman Army in various missions, and one of the descendants became a Grand Vizier.

Malkoçoğulları
Country Ottoman Empire
Founded15th century
Titlesghazi ("warrior")
akıncı ("raider")
Dissolution1604

History

The Battle of Maritsa (1371) was a disaster for the Serbian Empire, which resulted in several Serbian and Bulgarian lords becoming Ottoman vassals.[2] The Malkoçoğlu (Serbian: Malković) was a warrior family of Christian Serb origin, which became Muslim.[2][3] Malkoç, the eponymous founder, is alleged to have been one of the commanders of Sultan Murad I and Bayezid I, fighting at Kosovo (1389) and at Nicopolis (1396).

The further Ottoman expansion to the European frontiers was shared with semi-independent warriors, with the most notable being the four families of Evrenosoğulları, Mihaloğulları, both of which were of Anatolian Christian origin, Turahanoğulları of undetermined Christian origin, and the Malkoçoğulları.[2] These four families made up the ghazi (warrior) nobility.[4] The akıncı were one of the first divisions to face the opposing military and were known for their prowess in battle. Unpaid they lived and operated as raiders on the frontiers of the Ottoman Empire, subsisting totally on plunder.

Members
Genealogy known
  • Hamza
    • Malkoçoğlu Yahya Pasha bin Hamza (died 1507), married to a daughter of Bayezid II.[5]
      • Mehmed (fl. 1511), Rumelian commander, supported Selim I during the throne struggle.[5]
    • Balı (died 1514), commander, had two sons, Ali and Tur Ali, all three died at Chaldiran.[5][6]
      • Ali (died 1514)
      • Tur Ali (died 1514)
Genealogy unknown

Legacy

There is a Bosnian Muslim epic tradition on an Ottoman hero named Malkoč-bey.

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References
  1. Yürekli 2016, p. 131.
  2. Finkel 2012, p. 21
    Four such Muslim families were particularly prominent during the Ottoman conquest of Rumeli (the name they used for the Balkan peninsula): these were the Evrenosoğulları,fn2 the Mihaloğulları, the Turahanoğulları, and the Malkoçoğulları. [...] Malkoç dynasty, properly known as Malković, were of Christian, Serb origin
  3. Gemil, Tahsin (1991). Românii și otomanii în secolele XIV-XVI (in Romanian). p. 59. Malkocogullari, tot comandanţi de acingii, erau descendenţii unui feudal sirb Malkovic).
  4. Mélikoff, I. (1991). "Ewrenos". Encyclopaedia of Islam. II (2nd ed.). Leiden: E. J. Brill. p. 720.
  5. Yürekli 2016.
  6. Yılmaz Öztuna (n.d.). Türkiye tarihi: baslangicindan zamanimiza kadar. Hayat Kitaplari. p. 152.
    Türk atlı ordusunun sağ kanadına, Balı Bey'in büyük oğlu Ali Bey, ardeı birliklere de küçük oğlu Tur-Ali Bey kumanda ediyordu
  7. Yürekli 2016, p. 118.
  8. Yürekli 2016, pp. 166–167.
  9. Yürekli 2016, p. 119.
  10. Donald Edgar Pitcher (1968). An Historical Geography of the Ottoman Empire: From Earliest Times to the End of the Sixteenth Century. Brill Archive. pp. 92–. GGKEY:4CFA3RCNXRP.

Sources
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