Ma Fuxing

Ma Fuxing (Ma Fu-hsing in Wade Giles; 1864–1924) was a Hui born in Yunnan, in Qing dynasty China. He was an ex-convict. During Yang Zengxin's reign in Xinjiang, Ma was appointed as a military commander, and then Titai of Kashgar.[1]

Not to be confused with Ma Fuxiang.

Ma Fuxing 馬福興
Tao-yin of Kashgar
In office 1916–1924
Succeeded by	Ma Shaowu
Personal details
Born	1864 Yunnan
Died	1924 Kashgar, Xinjiang
Nationality	Chinese Muslim
Political party	Xinjiang clique
Spouse(s)	Harem of Wives
Children	Many
Military service
Allegiance	Qing Dynasty Republic of China
Years of service	1916–1924
Rank	Military commander
Unit	Kansu Braves, Kashgar Garrison
Commands	Military commander
Battles/wars	Boxer Rebellion, Xinhai Revolution in Xinjiang

Ma Fuxing
Traditional Chinese	馬福興
Simplified Chinese	马福兴
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Mǎ Fúxīng other Mandarin Xiao'erjing ﻣَﺎ ﻓُﻮْ سٍ‎

This is a Chinese name; the family name is Ma.

Ma Fuxing served as a general for the Qing dynasty. He joined the Kansu Braves during the Boxer Rebellion, under the command of Gen. Ma Fulu and fought against the foreign forces during the Siege of the International Legations (Boxer Rebellion) and Battle of Peking.[2]

After the fall of the Qing dynasty he started working for Yang Zengxin and recruited Dungan troops for him in 1911, and was posted in 1916 to Kashgar. In 1924 Yang intercepted some correspondence between Ma and the Zhili clique and became suspicious.[2]

Ma Fuxing was appointed as the commander of 2,000 Hui soldiers by Yang Zengxin.[3]

Reign

Ma Fuxing after being shot.

His reign was notorious for its repressiveness and his excesses. He kept a harem of Uighur wives, and a hay cutting machine for severing the limbs of his victims.[4] The limbs were put on display, along with notices on why they were severed, on the city walls.[5] He also established government monopolies over industries such as petroleum, and made people purchase paraffin wax. In addition, he demanded that people call him padishah, which meant king.

Downfall

Yang Zengxin decided that Ma's excesses were too great, and sent Ma Shaowu, another Hui military commander, to attack and replace him.[6] Ma Shaowu attacked Ma Fuxing, and then personally executed him by shooting him after receiving a telegram from Yang Zengxin. Ma Fuxing's body was tied to a cross to be put on display.[7] Ma Shaowu then was appointed Daotai of Kashgar.

See also

• Xinjiang clique
• Ma clique
• Yang Zengxin
• Ma Shaowu
• Kashgar

References

1. Mary Patricia Joan Rouse (1992). Search for a New Dominion: Revolt and Rebellion in Xinjiang, China, During the Republican Period, 1911-1949. Ithaca: Cornell University. p. 77. Retrieved June 28, 2010.
2. Garnaut, Anthony. "From Yunnan to Xinjiang:Governor Yang Zengxin and his Dungan Generals" (PDF). Pacific and Asian History, Australian National University). p. 106. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 9, 2012. Retrieved July 14, 2010.
3. James A. Millward (2007). Eurasian crossroads: a history of Xinjiang. Columbia University Press. p. 168. ISBN 0-231-13924-1. Retrieved June 28, 2010.
4. Christian Tyler (2004). Wild West China: The Taming of Xinjiang. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press. p. 112. ISBN 0-8135-3533-6. Retrieved June 28, 2010.
5. Andrew D. W. Forbes (1986). Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: A Political History of Republican Sinkiang 1911-1949. Cambridge, England: CUP Archive. p. 24. ISBN 0-521-25514-7. Retrieved June 28, 2010.
6. Andrew D. W. Forbes (1986). Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: a political history of Republican Sinkiang 1911-1949. Cambridge, England: CUP Archive. p. 24. ISBN 0-521-25514-7. Retrieved June 28, 2010.
7. Christian Tyler (2004). Wild West China: the taming of Xinjiang. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Rutgers University Press. p. 113. ISBN 9780813535333. Retrieved June 28, 2010.

External links