Moscow Ring Road

The Moscow Automobile Ring Road (Russian: Московская кольцевая автомобильная дорога, Moskovskaya Koltsevaya Avtomobilnaya Doroga), or MKAD (МКАД), is a ring road encircling the parts of Moscow, Russia. The length of the road is 108.9 km (67.7 mi), and the number of exits is 35 (including 10 interchanges).

"MKAD" redirects here. For the road in Minsk, see MKAD (Minsk).
Moscow Ring Road (MKAD)
Московская кольцевая автомобильная дорога
MKAD on Moscow map[1]
Route information
Part of E22 E30 E101 E105 E115 E119
Length108.9 km (67.7 mi)
Existed1961–present
Location
Major citiesMoscow
Highway system
Russian Federal Highways

History

The growth of traffic in and around Moscow in the 1950s made the city planners realise Russia's largest metropolis needed a bypass to redirect incoming traffic from major roads that run through the city. Opened in 1961, the MKAD had four lanes of asphalt running 108.9 kilometres along the city borders. Although not yet a freeway, it featured interchanges at major junctions, very few traffic lights and a speed limit of 100 km/h (62 mph).

For a long time the MKAD served as the administrative boundary of Moscow city, until in the 1980s Moscow started annexing territory outside the beltway. In December 2002 Bulvar Dmitriya Donskogo became the first Moscow Metro station that opened beyond the limits of MKAD.[2]

In 1995–1999, the road was widened from the initial four to ten lanes, while all intersections became grade-separated, bridges were built to accommodate pedestrians, traffic lights were removed, and a solid concrete barrier was installed in the median. In 2001, all slow-moving vehicles were banned from entering the MKAD, and the renovated road received a freeway designation from the mayor's office.

Route
Distance
(approx.)		 Destinations Notes
0 km M7 (Entuziastov shosse) — Nizhny Novgorod
2 km Pobeda ulitsa — Reutov, Ivanovskoe
4 km Ketcherskaya ulitsa, Nosovikhinskoye ulitsa — Balashikha, Elektrougli
7 km Moldagulovoy ulitsa, Novoukhtomskoe shosse
8 km Ryazansky prospekt, Lermontovsky prospekt — Lyubertsy
11 km M5 (Volgogradsky prospekt, Novoryazanskoye shosse) — Bykovo Airport, Ryazan
14 km Verkhniye Polya ulitsa — Kotelniki
16 km Energetikov ulitsa, Kapotnya ulitsa — Dzerzhinsky, Kapotnya
20 km Besedinskoe shosse — Besedy
24 km Kashira Highway
27 km M4 (Lipetskaya ulitsa) — Domodedovo Airport, Vidnoe, Kashira, Rostov-on-Don
30 km Bulatnikovo
33 km M2 (Varshavskoe shosse) — Podolsk, Ostafyevo International Airport
35 km Polyany ulitsa — Butovo
38 km Paustovskogo ulitsa — Yasenevo
41 km A130, Profsoyuznaya ulitsa
45 km M3 (Kievskoe shosse), Leninsky Avenue — Vnukovo Airport, Bryansk, Kiev
48 km Borovskoye shosse, Ozyornaya ulitsa
55 km M1 (Minskoye shosse), Mozhayskoye shosse — Smolensk, Brest
56 km Gorbunova ulitsa — Nemchinovka
60 km A106 (Rublevo-Uspenskoye shosse) — Uspenskoye
61 km Rublevo-Uspenskoye shosse — Rublevo
63 km M9 (Novorizhskoye shosse), Marshala Zhukova prospekt — Riga, Velikiye Luki
65 km Myankininsky prospekt — Myakinino
68 km A109 (Volokolamskoye shosse) — Dedovsk, Petrovo-Dalneye
72 km Novokurkinskoye shosse — Kurkino
74 km Svobody ulitsa, Molodezhnaya ulitsa — Kurkino
75 km M10 (Leningradskoye Highway) — Sheremetyevo International Airport, Khimki, St. Petersburg
78 km M11
82 km A104 (Dmitrovskoye shosse) — Dubna, Dmitrov
85 km Altufyevskoye shosse — Veshki
91 km Ostashskaya ulitsa
95 km M8 (Yaroslavskoye shosse) — Yaroslavl
103 km Khabarovskaya ulitsa — Abramtsevo
105 km A103 (Shchelkovskoye shosse) — Shchyolkovo
  • Interchange of MKAD and Kashirskoye Highway in Moscow
  • MKAD interchange with Moscow–Saint Petersburg motorway
  • Interchange of MKAD and Leningradskoye Highway
  • Interchange of MKAD and Borovskoe shosse
  • Interchange of MKAD and Mozhayskoe shosse
  • MKAD interchange with Novorizhskoe shosse
  • Interchange of MKAD and Volokolamskoe shosse
  • Interchange of MKAD and Yaroslavskoe shosse
  • Interchange of MKAD and Myakininsky proezd
  • MKAD interchange with Molodogvardeyskaya street
  • MKAD interchange with Dmitrovskoe highway
  • MKAD interchange with Verkhniye polya street
  • MKAD interchange with M2
  • MKAD near Strogino District
  • MKAD interchange with Profsoyuznaya street
  • Yaroslavskoe highway interchange
  • Interchange of MKAD and Volgogradsky Prospekt in Moscow
gollark: I assume I could probably work something out via ComputerCraft and cycling drives out every 15 minutes for moving stuff around.
gollark: I imagine it'd cause exciting problems if any autocrafting ran while defragmentation did, but you know.
gollark: One day I'm going to figure out some way to properly defragment these stupid drives... they're used SO inefficiently right now.
gollark: Anyway, I think the SSD was my inspiration for the massively scaled-down version running my systems.
gollark: Madness.

See also

Ring roads in Moscow:

Comparison to other ring roads encircling big cities:

Notes and references
  1. Map not including the new boroughs (2012) of Novomoskovsky and Troitsky
  2. "Bul'var Dmitriya Donskogo". Moscow Metro official site. Archived from the original on 13 March 2012. Retrieved 30 June 2013.
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