Müncheberg

Müncheberg is a small town in Märkisch-Oderland, Germany approximately halfway between Berlin and the border with Poland, within the historic region of Lubusz Land.

For the WWII Luftwaffe ace, see Joachim Müncheberg.

Müncheberg
13th-century St. Mary Church
Coat of arms
Location of Müncheberg within Märkisch-Oderland district
Müncheberg Show map of Germany Müncheberg Show map of Brandenburg
Coordinates: 52°30′13″N 14°08′23″E
Country	Germany
State	Brandenburg
District	Märkisch-Oderland
Government
• Mayor	Dr. Uta Barkusky (Left)
Area
• Total	151.93 km^2 (58.66 sq mi)
Elevation	65 m (213 ft)
Population  (2018-12-31)[1]
• Total	6,870
• Density	45/km^2 (120/sq mi)
Time zone	CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2)
Postal codes	15374
Dialling codes	033432
Vehicle registration	MOL
Website	www.muencheberg.de

Geography

Prior to 2003 the area today covered by Müncheberg was organized as the so-called "Amt Müncheberg". It included eight municipalities that were incorporated on March 31, 2002 to form the town of Müncheberg:

(population in parentheses)

• Müncheberg (5,190)
• Obersdorf (253)
• Hermersdorf (273)
• Trebnitz (509)
• Eggersdorf (345)
• Hoppegarten (268)
• Jahnsfelde (295)
• Münchehofe (102)

History

Historical affiliations

Kingdom of Poland 1225–1249
Margraviate of Brandenburg ca. 1250–1373
Bohemian Kingdom 1373–1415
Margraviate of Brandenburg 1415–1618
Brandenburg-Prussia 1618–1701
 Kingdom of Prussia 1701–1871
 German Empire 1871–1918
 Weimar Republic 1918–1933
 Nazi Germany 1933–1945
 Allied-occupied Germany 1945–1949
 East Germany 1949–1990
 Germany 1990–present

Müncheberg was founded between 1225 and 1232 by Cistercian monks who had been given the land by the Piast Duke of Lower Silesia, Henry I the Bearded. A citation in a document from June 29, 1232, marks the official date of the founding of Müncheberg. This first settlement was called "Lubes" (Polish: Lubiąż) by the monks in honor of the monastery in Leubus (Lubiąż), Silesia, where they originally came from. This name was not kept for long and in February 1233 the settlement was first mentioned as Munichberc (Middle High German for "Monk's Hill") in a charter by Pope Gregory IX. The settlement grew quickly and gained town privileges in 1245. The increasing prosperity led to the construction of a 7-meter (23 ft) high city wall in 1319.

Town walls with the Berlin Gate

On April 17, 1432, the town was conquered by the Hussites who plundered the church and set the town on fire. In 1605 an epidemic of bubonic plague infested Müncheberg, killing 696 inhabitants. By 1624 about 1,300 people were living in the town again. Following the Thirty Year War (1618–1648) and further epidemics, the number of inhabitants dropped to less than 400 in 1655.

Ca. 1700 the first Huguenot refugees settled in Müncheberg and the town became a permanent military base. The population increased and by 1800 the town was flourishing again. The first school was constructed in 1852 as well as a new synagogue (1856) for the Jewish community. The railway between Berlin and the eastern Germany started operating on October 1, 1867 giving Müncheberg a fast connection to the capital. The first volunteer fire brigade was formed in 1888. During World War I, 129 soldiers from Müncheberg were killed in action. In 1928 the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut für Züchtungsforschung ("Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Breeding Research") was opened. In World War II, more than 400 inhabitants of Müncheberg died fighting on various battlefields in Europe. Combat in Müncheberg between the Wehrmacht and the Red Army took place from April 17 to April 19, 1945 and destroyed 85% of the town.

After World War II, Müncheberg was part of the Soviet occupation zone. From 1949 until the German Reunification on October 3, 1990, the town was a municipality in the Bezirk (district) Frankfurt (Oder) of the German Democratic Republic (East Germany).

Müncheberg Train Station

Demography

Castle in Jahnsfelde

Palace in Trebnitz

• 
  Development of Population since 1875 within the Current Boundaries (Blue Line: Population; Dotted Line: Comparison to Population Development of Brandenburg state; Grey Background: Time of Nazi rule; Red Background: Time of Communist rule)
• 
  Recent Population Development and Projections (Population Development before Census 2011 (blue line); Recent Population Development according to the Census in Germany in 2011 (blue bordered line); Official projections for 2005-2030 (yellow line); for 2014-2030 (red line); for 2017-2030 (scarlet line)

Müncheberg: Population development
within the current boundaries (2017)[2]

Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1875 6,792 —     1890 6,967 +0.17% 1910 6,695 −0.20% 1925 7,570 +0.82% 1933 7,832 +0.43% 1939 8,131 +0.63% 1946 7,683 −0.81% 1950 8,565 +2.75% 1964 7,933 −0.55% 1971 7,844 −0.16% 1981 7,408 −0.57% 1985 7,203 −0.70% 1989 7,120 −0.29% 1990 7,006 −1.60% 1991 6,942 −0.91%

Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1992 6,972 +0.43% 1993 7,265 +4.20% 1994 7,545 +3.85% 1995 8,003 +6.07% 1996 8,083 +1.00% 1997 8,143 +0.74% 1998 8,035 −1.33% 1999 8,069 +0.42% 2000 8,018 −0.63% 2001 7,834 −2.29% 2002 7,814 −0.26% 2003 7,499 −4.03% 2004 7,471 −0.37% 2005 7,471 +0.00% 2006 7,418 −0.71%

Year Pop. ±% p.a. 2007 7,314 −1.40% 2008 7,246 −0.93% 2009 7,177 −0.95% 2010 7,150 −0.38% 2011 6,818 −4.64% 2012 6,686 −1.94% 2013 6,722 +0.54% 2014 6,785 +0.94% 2015 6,783 −0.03% 2016 6,820 +0.55% 2017 6,827 +0.10% 2018 6,870 +0.63% 2019 6,945 +1.09%

Mayors

Town hall

• 2003-2008: Klaus Zehm
• since 2008: Uta Barkusky (The Left)[3]

Businesses

Several grocery stores are located in the town beside other stores that fulfill the everyday needs of the citizens:

• 2 pharmacies
• 2 gas stations
• several bakeries
• several butchers
• 2 florists
• 2 department stores
• book store
• electric appliances store

Education and social life

Müncheberg serves as a regional center for the area. Facilities include:

• Grundschule Müncheberg (elementary school; grades 1-6)
• Gesamtschule mit gymnasialer Oberstufe Müncheberg (grades 7-10; with Fachoberschulreife as school-leaving diploma, qualifying for vocational school; - since 2005: grades 11-13; with Abitur as school leaving exam, qualifying for university)
• Berufsschule Müncheberg (vocational school)

The Gymnasium Müncheberg (grades 7-13; with Abitur as school-leaving exam, qualifying for university) which was established on the foundation walls of a former military barracks in 1991 - as a sign of the dawning of a new age - was closed in July 2007 in the aftermath of the 1990s decline in the birth rate. Between August 22, 1991 and July 11, 2007, up to 750 pupils per year were finishing their secondary education at this grammar school.

Müncheberg is home to the ZALF - Leibniz-Zentrum für Agrarlandschaftsforschung (Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research). Currently there are 428 scientists and technicians employed doing research at seven different institutes including the German Entomological Institute.

Several physicians and dentists have settled in Müncheberg providing medical care for the area. There is also an ambulance based in Müncheberg being responsible for all medical emergencies in the southern area of the county. Firefighting and most of all other emergencies are handled by the volunteer fire brigade of Müncheberg. Besides that there are also two police officers assigned to Müncheberg.

Münchehofe

Münchehofe is the second oldest and smallest township (102 residents) of the town of Müncheberg.

People

• Ernst von Pfuel (1779-1866), Prussian general

References

1. "Bevölkerung im Land Brandenburg nach amtsfreien Gemeinden, Ämtern und Gemeinden 31. Dezember 2018". Amt für Statistik Berlin-Brandenburg (in German). July 2019.
2. Detailed data sources are to be found in the Wikimedia Commons.Population Projection Brandenburg at Wikimedia Commons
3. Ergebnis der Bürgermeisterwahl am 25. September 2016

External links

Media related to Müncheberg at Wikimedia Commons

• Municipal website (in German)