Louis Constantin de Rohan (1697–1779)

Louis César Constantin de Rohan (24 March 1697, Paris – 11 March 1779, Paris) was a French prelate of the House of Rohan.

His Eminence

Louis-César-Constantin de Rohan

COHS
Cardinal, Prince-Bishop of Strasbourg
DioceseDiocese of Strasbourg
SeeStrasbourg Cathedral
Installed23 September 1756
Term ended11 March 1779
PredecessorArmand de Rohan-Soubise
SuccessorLouis René Édouard de Rohan-Guéméné
Orders
ConsecrationMarch 16, 1757
by Frédéric de La Rochefoucauld
Created cardinal23 November 1761
by Pope Clement XIII
RankCardinal of the Catholic Church
Personal details
Born(1697-03-24)24 March 1697
Paris, Kingdom of France
Died11 March 1779(1779-03-11) (aged 81)
Paris, Kingdom of France
ParentsCharles III de Rohan
Charlotte-Elisabeth de Cochefilet
Coat of arms

Biography

Origin and youth
Louis-Constantin de Rohan
Louis-Constantin de Rohan

Louis Caesar Constantine de Rohan-Guemene belonged to the House of Rohan, an ancient and powerful family of the nobility of Brittany which dates back to the xi th century. Son of Charles III de Rohan, cousin of Armand-Gaston-Maximilien de Rohan and his second wife, Charlotte-Elisabeth de Cochefilet (1657-1719), he is the fourteenth and last child of the couple. His brother Armand-Jules de Rohan-Guémené, future archbishop of Reims, had chosen the ecclesiastical state. Louis-César-Constantin de Rohan embraced at first the career of arms. He was first a Knight of Malta before entering as a naval officer in the Royal Navy. He was promoted to capitaine de vaisseau in 1720.

Serving the Church

In 1732, at the age of 35, he was named canon and grand-provost of Strasbourg, and entered the ecclesiastical career. In 1734 he was appointed abbot of Lyre near Evreux, then first chaplain to the King in 1748, Abbot of Saint-Epvre the following year, and prelate-commander of the Holy Spirit in 1753. He was appointed Prince-Bishop of Strasbourg and Graf of Alsace in 1756 on the death of his uncle Armand de Rohan-Soubise. He was created cardinal by Pope Clement XIII at the Consistory of 23 November 1761, but will not be great chaplain unlike the other Rohan, bishops of Strasbourg. He did not take part in the conclave of 1769, summoned at the death of Pope Clement XIII, nor to the conclave of 1774-1775, summoned at the death of Pope Clement XIV. His cousin and successor, Louis-René de Rohan-Guéméné, cardinal-bishop of Strasbourg, would be compromised in the affair of the queen's necklace.

Coat of arms
Main article: Armorial of the Rohan family

Blazon :

Quarterly: in 1 and 4: from gules to a strip of silver loaded with a cotice of Vert; In 2 and 3: Gules to the silver band rubbed with two blossoms of the same (which is Basse-Alsace); On the whole, quartered: in 1 and 4: Gules with golden chains placed in orle, cross and saltire, loaded in the heart of an emerald in the natural (which is Navarre ); In 2 and 3: Azure with fleur-de-lys of gold; On the whole: part: in 1: Gules with nine twins , laid 3, 3, 3 (which is Rohan ); And in 2 of ermine (which is from Brittany ).

Comments:

Bibliography
  • Louis Châtellier, "Louis-César-Constantin de Rohan", New dictionary of Alsatian biography , vol. 32, p. 3268
  • Jean-Claude Fauveau, Prince Louis, Cardinal de Rohan-Guéméné, or the Diamonds of the King on Google Books , Éditions L'Harmattan, 2007, p. 31
  • Michel Popoff and preface by Hervé Pinoteau, Paris, Leopard d'or,1996, 204 p. ( ISBN 2-86377-140-X ) ;
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On other Wikimedia projects:

Catholic Church titles
Preceded by
Armand de Rohan-Soubise		 Bishop of Strasbourg
1756-1779		 Succeeded by
Louis René Édouard de Rohan-Guéméné
Preceded by
Armand de Rohan-Soubise		 Prince-Bishop of Strasbourg
1756-1779		 Succeeded by
Louis René Édouard de Rohan-Guéméné
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