List of twisted buildings

Buildings can appear to be twisted by design, where the twisting (torsion, helix, etc.) is structural rather than merely an ornamental detail. CTBUH defines a twisting building as one that progressively rotates its floor plates or its facade as it gains height.[1] There are 15 spiraled skyscrapers, and 13 more are under construction.[2]

Turning Torso is regarded as the first twisted tower or building.[3] It was designed by Santiago Calatrava and was completed in 2005.[4] When completed, Diamond Tower will be the only building to twist a full 360 degrees along its height. F&F Tower, in Panama City, holds the record for the tightest twist, that is, the highest average rotation per floor, at 5.943 degrees across each of its 53 floors; and as of 2017, it is the completed building with highest total rotation, with 315 degrees.[3]

List of tallest twisted buildings

The following list includes completed or topped-out buildings sorted by height.[3] Buildings under construction are shaded in grey.

Rank Image Name City Height in m (ft) Floor count Completion year Average floor rotation Total rotation
1 Shanghai Tower Shanghai, China 632 m (2,073 ft) 128 2015 0.938° 120°
2 Lakhta Center Saint Petersburg, Russia 462 m (1,516 ft) 86 2019 1.047° 90°
3 Diamond Tower Jeddah, Saudi Arabia 432 m (1,417 ft) 93 2020 3.871° 360°
4 Ocean Heights Dubai, United Arab Emirates 310 m (1,020 ft) 83 2010 0.482° 40°
5 Cayan Tower Dubai, United Arab Emirates 306 m (1,004 ft) 73 2013 1.233° 90°
6 Supernova Spira Noida, India 300 m (980 ft) 80 2020 1.825° 146°
7 Regent Emirates Pearl Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates 255 m (837 ft) 52 2016 0.481° 25°
8 Ningbo Bank of China Headquarters Ningbo, China 246 m (807 ft) 50 2016 1.2° 60°
9 Evolution Tower Moscow, Russia 246 m (807 ft) 55 2015 2.836° 156°
10 F&F Tower Panama City, Panama 243 m (797 ft) 53 2011 5.943° 315°
11 Azrieli Sarona Tower Tel Aviv, Israel 238.5 m (782 ft) 61 2017
12 Al Majdoul Tower Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 232 m (761 ft) 54 TBA 2.5° 135°
13 Al Tijaria Tower Kuwait City, Kuwait 218 m (715 ft) 41 2009 1.951° 80°
14 United Tower Manama, Bahrain 200 m (660 ft) 47 2016 3.83° 180°
15 Al Bidda Tower Doha, Qatar 197 m (646 ft) 44 2009 1.364° 60°
16 SOCAR Tower Baku, Azerbaijan 196 m (643 ft) 40 2015 0.5° 20°
17 Turning Torso Malmö, Sweden 190 m (620 ft) 57 2005 1.579° 90°
18 Trump International Hotel and Tower Vancouver Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada 188 m (617 ft) 63 2016 0.714° 45°
19 Generali Tower (lo Storto) Milan, Italy 177 m (581 ft) 44 2017 1.127° 49.6°
20 Absolute World (Building D) Mississauga, Ontario, Canada 176 m (577 ft) 56 2012 3.732° 209°
21 Mode Gakuen Spiral Towers Nagoya, Japan 170 m (560 ft) 38 2008 3° 114°
22 Absolute World (Building E) Mississauga, Canada 158 m (518 ft) 50 2012 4° 200°
23 Baltimore Tower London, United Kingdom 149 m (489 ft) 44 2017 2.182° 96°
24 Avaz Twist Tower Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina 142 m (466 ft) 39 2008 1.538° 60°
25 The Point Guayaquil, Ecuador 137 m (449 ft) 36 2014 5.833° 210°
26 Sichuan Radio and Television Centre Chengdu, China 136 m (446 ft) 31 2010 2.903° 90°
27 Ayia Napa Marina Towers Ayia Napa, Cyprus 118 m (388 ft) 28 2020 3.2 ° 90°
28 PwC Tower Midrand, South Africa 106 m (348 ft) 26 2018 1.154° 30°
29 Xiamen Suiwa Tower Xiamen, China 100 m (330 ft) 22 0 4.091° 90°
30 Grove at Grand Bay (north tower) Miami, United States 94 m (308 ft) 21 2016 1.843° 38.7°
Grove at Grand Bay (south tower)
31 Tao Zhu Yin Yuan Taipei, Taiwan 93 m (305 ft) 21 2017 4.286° 90°
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See also

References
  1. Frearson, Amy (2016-08-22). "World's tallest twisted towers revealed". Dezeen. Retrieved 2017-02-05.
  2. McCafferty, Georgia (August 25, 2016). "The world's tallest spiraled skyscrapers". CNN. Retrieved 2017-02-05.
  3. "Twisting Tall Buildings". CTBUH. August 2016. Archived from the original on 2017-08-08. Retrieved 2017-02-05.
  4. Varinsky, Dana (September 13, 2016). "11 of the most stunning twisted towers around the world". Business Insider. Retrieved 2017-02-05.
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