List of state leaders in 1554
Africa
- Ethiopian Empire – Gelawdewos (1540–1559)
- Kingdom of Kongo – Diogo I, Manikongo (1545–1561)
- Sennar Sultanate – Abd al-Qadir I (1550/1 - 1557/8)
- Songhai Empire – Askia Daoud, Askia of the Songhai Empire (1549–1582)
Asia
- Aceh Sultanate, Alauddin al-Kahar (1539–1571)
- Arakkal kingdom – Ali Raja Ali, Raja of Arakkal (1545–1591)
- Ayutthaya Kingdom (Siam) – Maha Chakkraphat (1548–1564)
- Banten Sultanate, Hasanudin (1552–1570)
- Burma - Bayinnaung (1550-1581)
- China (Ming dynasty) - Jiajing Emperor (1521–1567)
- Jaffna Kingdom – Cankili I (1519–1561)
- Japan (Sengoku period)
- Monarch – Emperor Go-Nara (1526–1557)
- Ashikaga shogunate - Ashikaga Yoshiteru (1546–1565)
- Joseon (Korea) – Myeongjong (1545–1567)
- Mughal Empire – Ibrahim Sur (1545–1555)
- Ryukyu Kingdom – Shō Sei (1527–1555)
- Sultanate of Sulu – Sultan Nasir ud-Din I (1548–1568)
- Vijayanagara Empire – Rama Raya (1542–1565)
Europe
- Crimean Khanate – Devlet I Giray (1551–1577)
- Kingdom of Denmark and Norway – Christian III (1534–1559)
- Duchy of Schleswig – Adolphus (1544–1586), Christian III (1523–1559), and John II (1544–1580) in condominial rule
- Kingdom of England – Mary I (1553–1558)
- Holy Roman Empire – Charles V (1519–1556)
- Duchy of Holstein – Adolphus (1544–1586), Christian III (1523–1559), and John II (1544–1580) in condominial rule
- Hungary -
- Royal Hungary – Ferdinand I (1526–1564)
- Eastern Hungarian Kingdom – John II Sigismund Zápolya (1540–1571)
- Polish–Lithuanian union – Sigismund II, Grand Duke of Lithuania (1544–1572) and King of Poland (1548–1572)
- Moldavia – Alexandru Lăpușneanu, Voivode of Moldavia (1552–1561)
- Kingdom of Navarre – Henry II d'Albret (1516–1555)
- Ottoman (Turkish) Empire – Suleiman the Magnificent (1520–1566)
- Papal States – Pope Julius III (1550–1555)
- Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves – John III (1521–1557)
- Tsardom of Russia – Ivan IV, the Terrible, Tsar of Russia (1547–1584)
- Kingdom of Scotland – Mary, Queen of Scots (1542–1567)
- Kingdom of Sweden – Gustav I Vasa (1521/1523–1560)
- Republic of Venice –
- Marcantonio Trivisan, Doge of Venice (1553–1554)
- Francesco Venier, Doge of Venice (1554–1556)
Middle East and North Africa
- Morocco – Mohammed ash-Sheikh, Sultan of the Saadi dynasty (1544–1557)
- Safavid Empire – Tahmasp I Shah of Iran (1524–1576)
gollark: Through layer upon layer of horrible, horrible hacks, yes, it kind of works.
gollark: They're both OFDMA-based, admittedly use somewhat different frequency ranges, just carry IP packets nowadays, are increasingly going for ridiculous data rates, are often implemented in the same devices, that sort of thing.
gollark: Anyway, as far as I know, modern WiFi and 4G/5G aren't actually that different, so them somehow being munged together is inevitable and inescapable.
gollark: Indeed.
gollark: The USB 3.2 Gen2x2 stuff is stupid, but it's basically fine.
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