List of presidents of Peru

This article contains a list of presidents of the Republic of Peru, from the Declaration of Independence during the War of Independence (1821) to the present day.

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Background

The first state recognizable as such under current concepts in the Andes was Wari culture, whose system of government has not yet been completely unraveled. Later, between 13th century and 16th century, the Inca Empire was developed, ruled by Sapa Inca and based on the political management of reciprocity and oblivious to all European conceptions of then and now.

The modern Peru is heir to the Viceroyalty of Peru. In 1532, the Spanish conquistadors arrived in the territory, imposed their rule and managed to establish a Spanish dependency. This dependence began as governors corresponding to the conquistadors, with the title of Governor. The Governorate of New Toledo under Diego de Almagro – which was never consolidated – had the capital in the city of Cusco, the current historical capital of Peru. The Governorate of New Castile under Francisco Pizarro had Ciudad de los Reyes (modern-day Lima) as its capital, and was merged with the Viceroyalty when it was instituted after the civil wars.

In 1542, the Viceroyalty of Peru was established, whose government was represented by the representative of the King of Spain with the title of Viceroy of Peru. The true organizer of the viceregal state was Francisco de Toledo.

This period had only two stages corresponding to the two Spanish dynasties: the houses of Habsburg and Bourbon, and lasted 282 years since its establishment in 1542 until the Capitulation of Ayacucho in 1824, despite Peru becoming independent in 1821.

The viceroy José Fernando de Abascal was responsible for centralizing Spanish political and military power in Peru. His successors, the last viceroys of Peru were parallel to José de San Martín and his first successors. Joaquín de la Pezuela and José de la Serna faced the liberating armies and the last one signed the capitulation. Finally, Pío Tristán was the interim viceroy in charge of transferring power to the patriots.

The Act of Independence was signed in Lima on 15 August 1821[1][2] and shortly thereafter San Martín was entrusted to the government with the title of Protector; later, the legislative power occupied the executive. In 1823 Congress appointed José de la Riva Agüero as the first "President of the Republic" in the history of Peru. Since then, that has been the main denomination that the great majority of the rulers of Peru have held. The first national Constitution of 1823 (after the appointment of Riva Agüero) acknowledges the position and says formally: ""Article 72. Resides exclusively the exercise of the Executive Power in a citizen with the denomination of President of the Republic"".[3]

List

Protectorate of Peru (1821–1822)

The Protectorate of Peru existed from August 3, 1821 until September 20, 1822.

No. Protector
(Birth–Death)		 Term of office Political Party Form of entry Title
1 José de San Martín
(1778–1850)		 August 3, 1821 – September 20, 1822 Independent Proclaimed by open cabildo in Lima Protector of Peru

Republic of Peru (1822–1836)

The Republic of Peru was declared on July 28, 1821 but it was constituted on September 20, 1822. It existed until August 11, 1836.

No. President
(Birth–Death)		 Term of office Political Party Form of entry Title
2 Francisco Xavier de Luna Pizarro
(1780–1855)		 September 20, 1822 – September 22, 1822 Independent Interim officeholder, by resignation of San Martin (as President of the First Constituent Congress of Peru) Interim President
3 4 5 6 Government Junta: September 22, 1822 – February 27, 1823 Independent Elected by the Congress from among its members Supreme Governing Board of Peru
7 José Bernardo de Tagle y Portocarrero, Marqués de Torre Tagle
(1779–1825)		 February 27, 1823 – February 28, 1823 Independent Designated by the Congress after the Balconcillo mutiny Interim President
1 José de la Riva Agüero y Sánchez Boquete
(1783–1853)		 February 28, 1823 – June 23, 1823 Independent Ratified by the Congress after being imposed by the Balconcillo mutiny Constitutional President
8 Francisco Valdivieso y Prada
(1773–1828)		 June 23, 1823 – July 17, 1823 Independent Elected provisionally by the Congress to exercise power on areas not affected by the war, while Sucre assumed "military power" Interim Head of the Government
9 Antonio José de Sucre y Alcalá
(1795–1830)		 June 23, 1823 – July 17, 1823 Independent Elected provisionally by the Congress to exercise "military power" Supreme Military Chief
7 José Bernardo de Tagle y Portocarrero, Marqués de Torre Tagle
(1779–1825)		 July 17, 1823 – August 16, 1823 Independent Elected by the Congress, delegated by Sucre Interim President
7 José Bernardo de Tagle y Portocarrero, Marqués de Torre Tagle
(1779–1825)		 August 16, 1823 – February 10, 1824 Independent Ratified by the Congress as President (according to the new Constitution) Constitutional President
10 Simón José Antonio de la Santísima Trinidad Bolívar y Palacios
(1783–1830)		 February 10, 1824 – January 28, 1827 Independent Granted the supreme military and political authority by the Constitutional Congress Liberator
11 Government Junta:

Andrés de Santa Cruz y Calaumana
(1792–1865)

 January 28, 1827 – June 9, 1827 Independent Elected by the Congress after the revolt that ended the Bolivarian regime President of the Government Junta
12 Manuel Salazar y Baquíjano
(1777–1850)		 June 9, 1827 – August 22, 1827 Independent Vice President in charge of government (due to the arrival of La Mar from Guayaquil) Interim President
3 José de la Mar Cortázar
(1778–1830)		 9 June 1827 (22 August 1827) – 7 June 1829 (20 May 1828) Independent Elected by the Congress Constitutional President
13 Manuel Salazar y Baquíjano
(1777–1850)		 May 20, 1828 – June 6, 1829 Independent Vice President in charge of government (due to the absence of La Mar during the Gran Colombia–Peru War) Interim President
14 Antonio Gutiérrez de la Fuente
(1796–1878)		 June 6, 1829 – September 1, 1829 Military Coup d'état (in charge until the Congress elected the provisional president) Commander-in-chief
15 Agustín Gamarra Messia
(1785–1841)		 September 1, 1829 – December 19, 1829 Independent Elected by the Congress Provisional President
14 Antonio Gutiérrez de la Fuente
(1796–1878)		 September 21, 1829 – November 25, 1829 Military Provisional Vice President in charge of the government (due to trip of Gamarra on the occasion of the peace settlement with Gran Colombia) Commander-in-chief
16 Agustín Gamarra Messia
(1785–1841)		 December 19, 1829 – December 20, 1833 Independent Direct elections Constitutional President
17 Francisco Xavier de Luna Pizarro
(1780–1855)		 December 20, 1833 – December 21, 1833 Independent President of the National Convention (Constituent Congress) (in charge until the provisional president elected by the Congress took office) Interim President
18 Luis José de Orbegoso y Moncada
(1795–1847)		 December 21, 1833 – August 11, 1836 Independent Elected by the National Convention (Congress) Provisional President

Peru-Bolivian Confederation (1836–1839)

In 1836, the south of the country declared itself independent by creating the Republic of South Peru, while the north of the country became the Republic of North Peru. The two states confederated with the Republic of Bolivia to form the Peru–Bolivian Confederation on October 28, 1836. Marshal Andrés de Santa Cruz served as the Supreme Protector of the Confederation. Simultaneously, the actual control of each Republic remained in the hands of their respective presidents. The Peru-Bolivian Confederation dissolved on August 25, 1839.

No. Supreme Protector
(Birth–Death)		 Term of office Political Party Title
11 Andrés de Santa Cruz y Calaumana
(1792–1865)		 February 7, 1836 (October 28, 1836) – August 25, 1839 (February 20, 1839) Independent Supreme Protector of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation

Republic of North Peru (1836–1839)

The Republic of North Peru existed from August 11, 1836 until August 25, 1839.

No. President
(Birth–Death)		 Term of office Political Party Title
18 Luis José de Orbegoso y Moncada
(1795–1847)		 August 21, 1837 – July 30, 1838 Independent Constitutional President
19 José de la Riva Agüero y Sánchez Boquete
(1783–1858)		 August 1, 1838 – January 24, 1839 Independent Constitutional President

Republic of South Peru (1836–1839)

The Republic of South Peru existed from March 17, 1836 until August 25, 1839.

No. President
(Birth–Death)		 Term of office Political Party Title
20 Ramón Herrera y Rodado
(1799–1882)		 September 17, 1837 – October 12, 1838 Independent Constitutional President
21 Juan Pío de Tristán y Moscoso
(1773–1859)		 October 12, 1838 – February 23, 1839 Independent Constitutional President

Republic of Peru (1839–present)

The Republic of Peru was reestablished on August 25, 1839.

No. President
(Birth–Death)		 Term of office Political Party Form of entry Title
22 Agustín Gamarra Messia
(1785–1841)		 August 25, 1838 – August 15, 1839 Military Proclaimed by open cabildo in Lima President of the Republic
August 15, 1839 – July 10, 1840 Appointed by the General Congress of Huancayo Provisional President
July 10, 1840 – November 18, 1841 (†) Direct elections Constitutional President
23 Manuel Menéndez Gorozabel
(1793–1847)		 November 18, 1841 – August 16, 1842 Independent Constitutional succession (as Vice President) Provisional President
24 Juan Crisóstomo Torrico González
(1808–1875)		 August 16, 1842 – August 20, 1842 Military Self-proclamation Commander-in-chief
25 Juan Bautista de Lavalle y Zugasti
(1782–1851)		 August 20, 1842 – October 20, 1842 Independent Took over the government as President of the Council of Ministers Interim President
26 Juan Francisco de Vidal La Hoz
(1800–1863)		 October 20, 1842 – March 15, 1843 Military Self-proclamation (assumed the power after defeating Torrico in the battle of Agua Santa) President of the Republic
27 Justo Figuerola de Estrada
(1771–1854)		 March 15, 1843 – March 19, 1843 Independent Provisional President
28 Eleuterio Aramburú
(1774–1846)		 March 19, 1843 – March 21, 1843 Military Took over the government as commander of the garrison of Lima Interim President
29 José Rufino Echenique
(1808–1887)		 March 21, 1843 – March 27, 1843 Military Took over the government as Prefect of Lima Interim President
30 Juan Antonio Pezet
(1809–1879)		 March 27, 1843 – April 7, 1843 Military Assumed the power on behalf of Vivanco Interim President
31 Manuel Ignacio de Vivanco Iturralde
(1806–1873)		 April 7, 1843 – June 17, 1844 Military Self-proclamation Supreme Director of the Republic
32 Domingo Nieto y Márquez
(1803–1844)		 September 3, 1843 – February 17, 1844 (†) Military Self-proclamation (starting the constitutionalist revolution against Vivanco) President of the Supreme Provisional Governing Junta
33 Ramón Castilla y Marquesado
(1797–1867)		 February 17, 1844 – December 11, 1844 Military Replaced Nieto as President of the Junta President of the Supreme Provisional Governing Junta
34 Domingo Elías Carbajo
(1805–1867)		 November 30, 1843 – June 17, 1844 Independent Assumed the power on behalf of Vivanco (as Prefect of Lima) Interim President
June 17, 1844 – August 10, 1844 Self-proclamation in Lima (ignoring the authority of Vivanco) Commander-in-chief
27 Justo Figuerola de Estrada
(1771–1854)		 August 10, 1844 – October 7, 1844 Independent Provisional President
23 Manuel Menéndez Gorozabel
(1793–1847)		 October 7, 1844 – April 20, 1845 Independent Transitional constitutional succession (as First Vice-President of the Council of State) Provisional President
33 Ramón Castilla y Marquesado
(1797–1867)		 April 20, 1845 – April 20, 1851 Military Direct elections Constitutional President of the Republic
(the first President of Peru to complete his full term of office)
35 José Rufino Echenique Benavente
(1808–1887)		 April 20, 1851 – January 5, 1855 Military Direct elections Constitutional President of the Republic
33 Ramón Castilla y Marquesado
(1797–1867)		 February 1854 – January 5, 1855 Military Self-proclamation (in southern and central parts of the country) Interim President
36 José Miguel Medina (es)
(1804-1884)		 July 17, 1854 – January 5, 1855 Military Assumed the power on behalf of Echenique (as President of the Council of State) Head of the Executive Branch
33 Ramón Castilla y Marquesado
(1797–1867)		 January 5, 1855 – October 24, 1857 Military Self-proclamation (assumed the power after defeating Echenique in the battle of La Palma) Provisional President of the Republic
37 José Maria Raygada y Gallo
(1795–1859)		 April 2, 1857 – July 28, 1858 Military Took over the government as President of the Council of Ministers Commander-in-chief
31 Miguel de San Román y Meza
(1802–1863)		 July 28, 1858 – October 24, 1858 Military Assumed the power on behalf of Castilla (as President of the Council of Ministers) Commander-in-chief
33 Ramón Castilla y Marquesado
(1797–1867)		 October 24, 1858 – October 24, 1862 Military Direct elections Constitutional President of the Republic
38 Juan Manuel del Mar
(1805–1862)		 September 29, 1859 – March 21, 1860 Independent Assumed the power on behalf of Castilla (as Vice President) Head of the Executive Branch
31 Miguel de San Román y Meza
(1802–1863)		 October 24, 1862 – April 3, 1863 (†) Military Direct elections Constitutional President of the Republic
33 Ramón Castilla y Marquesado
(1797–1867)		 April 3, 1863 – April 9, 1863 Military Self-proclamation Head of the Executive Branch
39 Pedro Diez Canseco Corbacho
(1815–1893)		 April 9, 1863 – August 5, 1863 Military Provisional succession (as Second Vice President) Commander-in-chief
30 Juan Antonio Pezet Rodríguez
(1809–1879)		 August 5, 1863 – November 6, 1865 Military Constitutional succession (as First Vice President) Constitutional President of the Republic
39 Pedro Diez Canseco Corbacho
(1815–1893)		 November 6, 1865 – November 28, 1865 Military Provisional president
40 Mariano Ignacio Prado Ochoa
(1825–1901)		 November 28, 1865 – February 15, 1867 Military Self-proclamation Commander-in-chief of the Republic
February 15, 1867 – August 31, 1867 Designated by Congress Provisional President of the Republic
August 31, 1867 – January 5, 1868 Designated by Congress and direct elections Constitutional President of the Republic
41 Luis La Puerta de Mendoza
(1811–1896)		 October 12, 1867 – January 8, 1868 Military Assumed the power on behalf of Prado (as President of the Council of Ministers) Head of the Executive Branch
39 Pedro Diez Canseco Corbacho
(1815–1893)		 September 23, 1867 – January 7, 1868 Military Self-proclamation in Arequipa Head of the Executive Branch
42 Antonio Gutiérrez de la Fuente
(1796–1878)		 January 7, 1868 – January 8, 1868 Military Presidential designation (as President of the Council of Ministers) Provisional president
43 Francisco Diez Canseco
(1821–1884)		 January 8, 1868 – January 22, 1868 Military Head of the Government
39 Pedro Diez Canseco Corbacho
(1815–1893)		 January 22, 1868 – August 2, 1868 Military Constitutional succession (recognized in Cabildo Abierto de Lima) Provisional president
44 José Balta y Montero
(1814–1872)		 August 2, 1868 – July 22, 1872 (July 26, 1872 [†]) Military Direct elections Constitutional President of the Republic
45 Tomás Gutiérrez
(1817–1872)		 July 22, 1872 – July 26, 1872 (†) Military Coup d'état Supreme Leader of the Republic
43 Francisco Diez Canseco
(1821–1884)		 July 26, 1872 – July 27, 1872 Military Provisional succession (as Second Vice President of Balta) Interim President
46 Mariano Herencia Zevallos
(1820–1873)		 July 27, 1872 – August 2, 1872 Military Constitutional succession (as First Vice President of Balta) Constitutional President of the Republic
47 Manuel Pardo y Lavalle
(1834–1878)		 August 2, 1872 – August 2, 1876 Civilista Party Direct elections Constitutional President of the Republic
40 Mariano Ignacio Prado Ochoa
(1825–1901)		 August 2, 1876 – December 18, 1879 Civilista Party Direct elections Constitutional President of the Republic
41 Luis La Puerta de Mendoza
(1811–1896)		 May 16, 1879 – December 2, 1879 Civilista Party First Vice President (served on behalf of Prado) Head of the Executive Branch
December 18, 1879 – December 23, 1879 Constitutional succession Transitional President of the Republic
48 Nicolás de Piérola Villena
(1839–1913)		 December 23, 1879 – January 15, 1881 Independent Self-proclamation Commander-in-chief
July 29, 1881 – November 28, 1881 Appointed by the National Assembly of Ayacucho Provisional President
49 Francisco García Calderón Landa
(1834–1905)		 March 12, 1881 – July 10, 1881 Independent Elected by open cabildo in Magdalena Provisional President of the Republic
July 10, 1881 – September 28, 1881 (November 6, 1881) Ratified by the Congress of Chorrillos
50 Lizardo Montero Flores
(1832–1905)		 September 28, 1881 – October 28, 1883 Civilista Party Constitutional succession (oath before the Judicial Court of Cajamarca) Provisional President of the Republic
51 Miguel Iglesias Pino de Arce
(1830–1909)		 August 31, 1882 – December 30, 1882 Military Self-proclamation in Cajamarca (Grito de Montán) Commander-in-chief
December 30, 1882 – March 1, 1884 Elected by the Assembly of the North (Cajamarca) Regenerating President
March 1, 1884 – December 3, 1885 Ratified by the Constituent Assembly Provisional President of the Republic
52 Andrés Avelino Cáceres Dorregaray
(1836–1923)		 July 16, 1884 – August 3, 1885 Military Self-proclamation (central part of the country) Self-proclaimed President
53 Antonio Arenas Merino
(1808–1891)		 December 3, 1885 – June 3, 1886 Independent In charge of the Congress (as President of the Council of Ministers) President of the Provisional Government Junta
52 Andrés Avelino Cáceres Dorregaray
(1836–1923)		 June 3, 1886 – August 10, 1890 Constitutional Party Direct elections Constitutional President of the Republic
54 Remigio Morales Bermúdez
(1836–1894)		 August 10, 1890 – April 1, 1894 (†) Constitutional Party Direct elections Constitutional President of the Republic
55 Justiniano Borgoño Castañeda
(1836–1921)		 April 1, 1894 – August 10, 1894 Constitutional Party Constitutional succession (as Second Vice President) Transitional President of the Republic
52 Andrés Avelino Cáceres Dorregaray
(1836–1923)		 August 10, 1894 – March 20, 1895 Constitutional Party Direct elections Constitutional President of the Republic
56 Manuel Candamo Iriarte
(1841–1904)		 March 20, 1895 – September 8, 1895 Independent Transitional designation President of the Provisional Government Junta
48 Nicolás de Piérola Villena
(1839–1913)		 September 8, 1895 – September 8, 1899 Democratic Party Direct elections Constitutional President of the Republic
57 Eduardo López de Romaña Alvizuri
(1847–1912)		 September 8, 1899 – September 8, 1903 Civilista Party Direct elections Constitutional President of the Republic
56 Manuel Candamo Iriarte
(1841–1904)		 September 8, 1903 – April 18, 1904 (May 7, 1904 [†]) Civilista Party Direct elections Constitutional President of the Republic
58 Serapio Calderón Lazo de la Vega
(1843–1922)		 April 18, 1904 – May 7, 1904 Civilista Party Second Vice President (appointed due to the illness of Candamo) Head of the Executive Branch
May 7, 1904 – September 24, 1904 Constitutional succession (sworn in following the death Candamo) Constitutional President of the Republic
59 José Pardo y Barreda
(1864–1947)		 September 24, 1904 – September 24, 1908 Civilista Party Direct elections Constitutional President of the Republic
60 Augusto B. Leguía y Salcedo
(1863–1932)		 September 24, 1908 – September 24, 1912
(1st term)		 Civilista Party Direct elections Constitutional President of the Republic
61 Guillermo Billinghurst Angulo
(1851–1915)		 September 24, 1912 – February 4, 1914 Democratic Party Direct elections Constitutional President of the Republic
62 Óscar R. Benavides Larrea
(1876–1945)		 February 4, 1914 – May 15, 1914 Military Coup d'état President of the Government Junta
May 15, 1914 – August 18, 1915 Ratified by Congress Provisional President of the Republic
59 José Pardo y Barreda
(1864–1947)		 August 18, 1915 – July 4, 1919 Civilista Party Direct elections Constitutional President of the Republic
60 Augusto B. Leguía y Salcedo
(1863–1932)		 July 4, 1919 – October 12, 1919
(2nd term)		 Reformist Democratic Party Coup d'état after direct elections (already President-elect) Provisional President of the Republic
October 12, 1919 – October 12, 1924
(2nd term cont.)		 Direct elections (before the coup d'etat) Constitutional President of the Republic
October 12, 1924 – October 12, 1929
(3rd term)		 Direct elections Constitutional President of the Republic
October 12, 1929 – August 25, 1930
(4th term)		 Direct elections Constitutional President of the Republic
63 Manuel María Ponce Brousset
(1874–1966)		 August 25, 1930 – August 27, 1930 Military Appointed President of the Military Junta constituted after the resignation of Leguía President of the Military Junta
64 Luis Miguel Sánchez Cerro
(1889–1933)		 August 27, 1930 – March 1, 1931 Military Coup d'état President of the Government Junta
65 Mariano Holguín Maldonado
(1860–1945)		 March 1, 1931 – March 1, 1931 Independent Presidential designation (while the Government Junta elected a President of the Republic) President of the Assembly of Notables
66 Ricardo Leoncio Elías Arias
(1874–1951)		 March 1, 1931 – March 5, 1931 Military Transitional designation by Board of Notables (as President of the Supreme Court) President of the Provisional Board
67 Gustavo A. Jiménez
(1886–1933)		 March 5, 1931 – March 11, 1931 Military Coup d'état President of the Transitory Government Board
68 David Samanez Ocampo y Sobrino
(1866–1947)		 March 11, 1931 – December 8, 1931 Independent Transitional designation by Assembly of Notables President of the Government Junta
64 Luis Miguel Sánchez Cerro
(1889–1933)		 December 8, 1931 – April 30, 1933 (†) Revolutionary Union Direct elections Constitutional President of the Republic
69 Oscar R. Benavides Larrea
(1876–1945)		 April 30, 1933 – December 8, 1939 Military Designated by the Constituent Assembly Constitutional President of the Republic
70 Manuel Prado y Ugarteche
(1889–1967)		 December 8, 1939 – July 28, 1945 Independent Direct elections Constitutional President of the Republic
71 José Luis Bustamante y Rivero
(1894–1989)		 July 28, 1945 – October 29, 1948 National Democratic Front Direct elections Constitutional President of the Republic
72 Manuel A. Odría
(1896–1974)		 October 29, 1948 – May 31, 1950 Military Coup d'état
73 Zenón Noriega Agüero
(1900–1957)		 May 31, 1950 – July 28, 1950 Military Provisional designation Provisional President
72 Manuel A. Odría Amoretti
(1896–1974)		 July 28, 1950 – July 28, 1956 Odriíst National Union Direct elections (only candidate) Constitutional President of the Republic
74 Manuel Prado y Ugarteche
(1889–1967)		 July 28, 1956 – July 18, 1962 Pradist Democratic Movement Direct elections Constitutional President of the Republic
75 Ricardo Pérez Godoy
(1905–1982)		 July 18, 1962 – March 3, 1963 Military Coup d'état President of the Military Government Junta
76 Nicolás Lindley López
(1908–1995)		 March 3, 1963 – July 28, 1963 Military Coup d'état President of the Military Government Junta
77 Fernando Belaúnde Terry
(1912–2002)		 July 28, 1963 – October 3, 1968 Popular Action Direct elections Constitutional President of the Republic
78 Juan Velasco Alvarado
(1910–1977)		 October 3, 1968 – August 30, 1975 Military Coup d'état President of the Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces
79 Francisco Morales-Bermúdez
(1921–)		 August 30, 1975 – July 28, 1980 Military Coup d'état President of the Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces
80 Fernando Belaúnde Terry
(1912–2002)		 July 28, 1980 – July 28, 1985 Popular Action Direct elections Constitutional President of the Republic
81 Alan García Pérez
(1949–2019)		 July 28, 1985 – July 28, 1990 American Popular Revolutionary Alliance Direct elections Constitutional President of the Republic
82 Alberto Fujimori Fujimori
(1938–)		 July 28, 1990 – April 5, 1992
(1st term)		 Cambio 90 Direct elections Constitutional President of the Republic
April 5, 1992 – January 9, 1993
(1st term cont.)		 Self-coup. Dissolved the Congress President of the Government of Emergency and National Reconstruction
January 9, 1993 – July 28, 1995
(1st term cont.)		 Ratified by the Democratic Constituent Congress Constitutional President of the Republic
July 28, 1995 – July 28, 2000
(2nd term)		 Cambio 90 – Sí Cumple Direct elections Constitutional President of the Republic
(82) July 28, 2000 – November 21, 2000
(3rd term)		 Sí Cumple Direct elections Constitutional President of the Republic
83 Valentín Paniagua Corazao
(1936–2006)		 November 22, 2000 – July 28, 2001 Popular Action Constitutional succession (as President of the Congress) Constitutional President of the Republic
84 Alejandro Toledo Manrique
(1946–)		 July 28, 2001 – July 28, 2006 Possible Peru Direct elections (2001) Constitutional President of the Republic
81 Alan García Pérez
(1949–2019)		 July 28, 2006 – July 28, 2011 American Popular Revolutionary Alliance Direct elections (2006) Constitutional President of the Republic
85 Ollanta Humala Tasso
(1962–)		 July 28, 2011 – July 28, 2016 Peruvian Nationalist Party Direct elections (2011) Constitutional President of the Republic
86 Pedro Pablo Kuczynski Godard
(1938–)		 July 28, 2016 – March 21, 2018 Peruvians for Change Direct elections (2016) Constitutional President of the Republic
87 Martín Vizcarra Cornejo
(1963–)		 March 23, 2018 – present Independent Constitutional succession (as First Vice President) Constitutional President of the Republic

Timeline
Martín VizcarraPedro Pablo KuczynskiOllanta HumalaAlejandro ToledoValentín PaniaguaAlberto FujimoriAlan GarcíaJuan Velasco AlvaradoNicolás Lindley LópezRicardo Pérez GodoyZenón Noriega AgüeroManuel A. OdríaJosé Luis Bustamante y RiveroDavid Samanez OcampoGustavo JiménezRicardo Leoncio Elías AriasLuis Miguel Sánchez CerroManuel María Ponce BroussetÓscar R. BenavidesGuillermo BillinghurstAugusto B. LeguíaJosé Pardo y BarredaSerapio CalderónEduardo López de RomañaManuel CandamoJustiniano BorgoñoRemigio Morales BermúdezAntonio ArenasAndrés Avelino CáceresMiguel IglesiasLizardo Montero FloresFrancisco García CalderónNicolás de PiérolaManuel PardoMariano Herencia ZevallosTomás GutiérrezJosé BaltaFrancisco Diez CansecoLuis La PuertaMariano Ignacio PradoPedro Diez CansecoJuan Manuel del MarJosé Maria Raygada y GalloJosé Miguel MedinaDomingo ElíasRamón CastillaDomingo NietoManuel Ignacio de VivancoJuan Antonio PezetJosé Rufino EcheniqueJusto FiguerolaJuan Francisco de VidalJuan Crisóstomo TorricoManuel MenéndezLuis José de OrbegosoAgustín GamarraAntonio Gutiérrez de la FuenteAndrés de Santa CruzSimón BolívarAntonio José de SucreJosé de la Riva AgüeroJosé Bernardo de Tagle y Portocarrero, Marquis of Torre TagleManuel Salazar y BaquíjanoJosé de la MarFrancisco Xavier de Luna PizarroJosé de San Martín

Living former presidents

As of 17 August 2020, there are five living former presidents:

See also

References
  1. http://www.congreso.gob.pe/museo/mensajes/a -Message-1821-1.pdf
  2. Original of the Minutes of Independence of Peru
  3. Constitutions of Peru <! - Title generated by a bot ->
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