Links: The Challenge of Golf

Links: The Challenge of Golf is a golf video game developed by Access Software. It was released for DOS in 1990, followed by an Amiga release in 1992. A Sega CD version, developed by Papyrus Design Group, was released in 1994. It is the first game in the Links series, and was followed by Links 386 Pro (1992). A Microsoft Windows version, titled Microsoft Golf, was released in 1992, as the first game in the Microsoft Golf series.

Links: The Challenge of Golf
DOS cover art
Developer(s)Access Software
Papyrus (Sega CD)
Publisher(s)
Director(s)Vance Cook
Programmer(s)Roger Carver
Vance Cook
Kevin Homer
Artist(s)John Berven
Bruce Carver
Composer(s)Brent Erickson
SeriesLinks
Platform(s)MS-DOS, Amiga, Sega CD
ReleaseMS-DOS
Amiga
Sega CD
Genre(s)Sports
Mode(s)Single-player, multiplayer

Links: The Challenge of Golf features the real-life Torrey Pines South Course, which was recreated in the game through the use of photos and video. The game was praised for its realism and won several awards, although some critics noted the high computer requirements needed to fully enjoy the game's graphics. The game received criticism for the sluggish reanimation of each new screen.

Gameplay

Links: The Challenge of Golf features one golf course: Torrey Pines South Course.[1][2][3] Additional courses can be added to the DOS version through the use of add-on disks.[1][4][5][6] The player can pull up an overhead map of the course, and can place a contoured grid on the course to aid in golfing.[7][4] The player can also choose to take a mulligan to make up for a bad shot.[1][7][3] The game includes commentary in reaction to the player's golfing.[6][3] Also featured is a replay option allowing the player to watch the shots they made. The player can choose to watch the replay from the golfer's location or from the area where the ball landed.[8][4][5] The game also includes a multiplayer option.[1][8][7][3]

Development and release

Links: The Challenge of Golf was developed by American company Access Software for DOS. The development team included Roger and Bruce Carver, who previously programmed Access Software's earlier golf game, Leader Board.[4]

To recreate the Torrey Pines South Course, the game's programmers played the course, videotaped it, and took 500 aerial and ground-based photographs of it. They also obtained topographical and grading drawings of the course, and researched the local weather. The recreation of Torrey Pines takes up 700,000 bytes of data, and includes the course's clubhouse.[1][4][9] In addition to digitized vegetation,[4] the player's golfing character is also digitized.[6][7] The golfer's movements are depicted through 72 frames of video. Because of computer memory limits, several concepts were removed from the game just before its release: a demonstration mode, a high score card, and female golfers.[1] The DOS version includes 256 colors.[1][4]

In the United States, Access Software published the game for DOS in 1990,[1][9][10] while U.S. Gold published the UK version during the same year.[4] U.S. Gold also converted the game into an Amiga version,[4][8] and published it in the United Kingdom in 1992.[7] A version for the Sega CD was developed by Papyrus Design Group. It was published by Virgin Interactive Entertainment in the U.S. in 1994.[11][12][13]

In April 1992, Microsoft and Access Software announced a partnership to create Microsoft Golf,[14] a revamped version of Links: The Challenge of Golf.[15][16][17] Charles Fitzgerald, Microsoft's product manager for applications marketing, said that Links was chosen as the basis for Microsoft Golf because Access Software "spent 18 months getting the physics right."[18] Microsoft Golf was released for Microsoft Windows in North America later in 1992.[19][20] It includes the Torrey Pines South Course,[15][19] and also uses the golfer animation from Links 386 Pro (1992).[16] It is the first game in the Microsoft Golf series.[17]

Reception
Reception
Review scores
PublicationScore
CVG80% (DOS)[21]
Amiga Action81% (Amiga)[2]
Amiga Format92% (Amiga)[8]
Amiga Joker68% (Amiga)[22]
Amiga Power70% (Amiga)[7]
The One89% (DOS)[4]
Raze93% (DOS)[5]
Rock, Paper, Shotgun8/10 (2019)[23]
Zero93/100 (DOS)[24]
Awards
PublicationAward
Computer Gaming WorldAction Game of the Year (1991)[25]
Power PlayBestes Sportspiel ("Best Sports Game"; 1991)[26]
Software Publishers AssociationBest Sports Program (1991)[10]

Links: The Challenge of Golf was praised for the realism of its graphics, sound, and gameplay.[21][7][5][4][3][9][6][24] Richard O. Mann of Compute! wrote that Access Software "has taken computer golf a giant step forward with Links," calling it a "visual extravaganza that's the most fun and most realistic golf program I've tried." Mann praised the controls and concluded that Links "is a golfer's dream, a chance to play what feels like real golf without ever having to leave home."[6] Amiga Action considered it among the top golfing games available, and wrote that it would appeal primarily to professional golfers.[2]

Les Ellis of Raze offered praise for the replay feature, and wrote that Links "contains everything you could need in a golf simulation," while concluding that it "has got to be the best golf game on any home computer."[5] Don Trivette of PC Magazine considered it the most authentic golf simulation available.[9] Gordon Houghton of The One praised the game's variety and called Links "one hell of a golf simulation."[4]

H.E. Dille of Computer Gaming World stated that Links "revolutionizes graphic standards," and considered the game to be among "the first of a new generation." In addition, Dille praised the inclusion of the mulligan option. However, Dille considered the wildlife sounds and background music to be "'tinny' and annoying," and stated that certain graphics were not as good as the rest of the game, writing that up-close water hazards "appear as flat blue blobs that simply seem out of context with their surroundings."[1]

Neil Jackson of Amiga Format praised the controls, and considered the game to be as good as Leader Board, PGA Tour Golf, and MicroProse Golf.[8] Matthew Squires of Amiga Power believed that it was easier that MicroProse Golf and PGA Tour Golf, and that it had better controls.[7] Computer and Video Games believed that PGA Tour Golf was a superior game, despite being "not as pretty."[21]

Some reviewers noted the high computer requirements needed to fully enjoy the game's graphics,[9][1][8][2][4] and some were critical of the sluggish reanimation for each new screen.[4][7][2][21] Houghton stated that the one factor keeping Links from being "the ultimate golf simulation" was the reanimation times, stating that they hampered the fun of the game.[4] Squires called it "the most frustrating golf game on the Amiga" because of the wait times, writing that "if you want the detail that makes the game so stunningly real, you'll have to wait over two minutes". Squires stated that this "very seriously spoils what could otherwise be a perfect golf game".[7] Amiga Action mentioned the slow reanimation but wrote that it was "not deserving of severe criticism."[2]

Links won Computer Gaming World's 1991 Action Game of the Year award,[25] the 1991 Software Publishers Association award for Best Sports Program,[10] and Power Play's 1991 Bestes Sportspiel ("Best Sports Game") award.[26] It was also a finalist for PC Magazine's 1991 Technical Excellence awards.[27][28] In 1996, Next Generation included Links on its list of the Top 100 Games of All Time,[29] while Computer Gaming World included the game on its list of the 15 Most Innovative Computer Games.[30]

gollark: Many of them have different sets of available packages and stuff, or different package managers, or different desktop environments (you can usually swap them, though).
gollark: There are quite significant differences between distros, actually.
gollark: But I don't think it's the most common or easy distro.
gollark: It's overly commercialised. I don't really know a huge amount else about it, really.
gollark: Ubuntu as homeworld? How dare you.

References
  1. Dille, H.E. (March 1991). "Worlds Apart: Access' Links". Computer Gaming World. p. 10. Retrieved May 28, 2019.
  2. "Links". Amiga Action. July 1992. pp. 62–63.
  3. Glide, Tommy (April 1995). "Links CD Makes the Cut". GamePro. p. 101. Retrieved May 28, 2019.
  4. Houghton, Gordon (January 1991). "Links". The One. pp. 101–102. Retrieved May 28, 2019.
  5. Ellis, Les (April 1991). "Links". Raze. p. 70. Retrieved May 28, 2019.
  6. Mann, Richard O. (May 1991). "Links: The Challenge of Golf". Compute!. pp. 125–126. Retrieved May 28, 2019.
  7. Squires, Matthew (August 1992). "Links". Amiga Power. pp. 44–46. Retrieved May 28, 2019.
  8. Jackson, Neil (July 1992). "Links". Amiga Format. p. 77.
  9. Trivette, Don (March 26, 1991). "Links from Access Sets New Standards for Golf Simulation Software". PC Magazine. p. 452. Retrieved May 28, 2019.
  10. "Excellence in Software Awards: 1991". Compute!. July 1991. p. 144. Retrieved May 28, 2019.
  11. "Golf Is In The House!". Sega Visions. June 1994. pp. 42–43. Retrieved May 28, 2019.
  12. "Links: The Challenge of Golf". GameRankings. Retrieved May 28, 2019.
  13. Papyrus Design Group (1994). Links: The Challenge of Golf (Sega CD). Virgin Interactive Entertainment. Scene: Opening sequence.
  14. "Microsoft Golf". Computer Gaming World. May 1992. p. 18.
  15. "Microsoft & Access Team Up". Computer Gaming World. September 1992. p. 23. Microsoft and Access have taken the highly successful Links: The Challenge of Golf (which is a DOS application), and combined it with the push-button Windows interface.
  16. Schuytema, Paul C. (July 1993). "Hitting the Links". Compute!. pp. 83, 85. Microsoft, in an arrangement with Access, ported the original Links game to the Windows environment. [...] Microsoft Golf also borrowed the golfer animation from Links 386 Pro [...].
  17. Scisco, Peter (January 1995). "A Spot of Tee: A Desktop Putter Takes A Threesome To The Greens". Computer Gaming World. pp. 182–183. MICROSOFT GOLF 1.0 put the original LINKS inside Windows, but couldn't touch the visual quality in the LINKS 386 PRO game.
  18. "Microsoft moves into sports simulation with Golf". Calgary Herald. November 9, 1992. Retrieved June 20, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
  19. "Great graphics, storylines name of the game in games". National Post. October 26, 1992. Retrieved June 20, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
  20. "Microsoft suggests some new software gift ideas". The Atlanta Constitution. December 3, 1992. Retrieved June 20, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
  21. "Bytesize: PC Compatibles". Computer and Video Games. March 1991. p. 75. Retrieved May 28, 2019.
  22. "Links". Amiga Joker (in German). July 1992. p. 80.
  23. Caldwell, Brendan (January 17, 2019). "Have You Played… Links – The Challenge of Golf?". Rock, Paper, Shotgun. Retrieved May 28, 2019.
  24. MacDonald, Duncan (March 1991). "Links". Zero. pp. 46–47. Retrieved May 28, 2019.
  25. "Computer Gaming World's 1991 Games of the Year Awards". Computer Gaming World. November 1991. pp. 38, 58. Retrieved May 28, 2019.
  26. "Sieger Nach Punkten". Power Play (in German). February 1992. pp. 146, 148. Retrieved May 28, 2019.
  27. Machrone, Bill; Miller, Michael J. (December 31, 1991). "8th Annual Awards for Technical Excellence". PC Magazine. pp. 110, 140–141. Retrieved May 28, 2019.
  28. "8th Annual Awards for Technical Excellence". PC Magazine. January 14, 1992. p. 116. Retrieved May 28, 2019.
  29. "Top 100 Games of All Time". Next Generation. September 1996. pp. 36, 47. Retrieved May 28, 2019.
  30. "Fifteenth Anniversary Special: The 15 Most Innovative Computer Games". Computer Gaming World. November 1996. p. 102. Retrieved May 28, 2019.
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