Lidong
The traditional East Asian calendars divide a year into 24 solar terms. Lìdōng, Rittō, Ipdong, or Lập đông (Chinese and Japanese: 立冬; pinyin: lìdōng; rōmaji: rittō; Korean: 입동; romaja: ipdong; Vietnamese: lập đông; "start of winter") is the 19th solar term. It begins when the Sun reaches the celestial longitude of 225° and ends when it reaches the longitude of 240°. It more often refers in particular to the day when the Sun is exactly at the celestial longitude of 225°. In the Gregorian calendar, it usually begins around November 7 and ends around November 22.
| Lidong | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese name | |||||||||||||||
| Chinese | 立冬 | ||||||||||||||
| Literal meaning | start of winter | ||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||
| Vietnamese name | |||||||||||||||
| Vietnamese alphabet | lập đông | ||||||||||||||
| Chữ Hán | 立冬 | ||||||||||||||
| Korean name | |||||||||||||||
| Hangul | 입동 | ||||||||||||||
| Hanja | 立冬 | ||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||
| Japanese name | |||||||||||||||
| Kanji | 立冬 | ||||||||||||||
| Hiragana | りっとう | ||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||
| Longitude | Term | Calendar |
|---|---|---|
| Spring | ||
| 315° | Lichun | 4 – 5 February |
| 330° | Yushui | 18–19 February |
| 345° | Jingzhe | 5 – 6 March |
| 0° | Chunfen | 20–21 March |
| 15° | Qingming | 4 – 5 April |
| 30° | Guyu | 20–21 April |
| Summer | ||
| 45° | Lixia | 5 – 6 May |
| 60° | Xiaoman | 21–22 May |
| 75° | Mangzhong | 5 – 6 June |
| 90° | Xiazhi | 21–22 June |
| 105° | Xiaoshu | 7 – 8 July |
| 120° | Dashu | 22–23 July |
| Autumn | ||
| 135° | Liqiu | 7 – 8 August |
| 150° | Chushu | 23–24 August |
| 165° | Bailu | 7 – 8 September |
| 180° | Qiufen | 23–24 September |
| 195° | Hanlu | 8 – 9 October |
| 210° | Shuangjiang | 23–24 October |
| Winter | ||
| 225° | Lidong | 7 – 8 November |
| 240° | Xiaoxue | 22–23 November |
| 255° | Daxue | 7 – 8 December |
| 270° | Dongzhi | 21–22 December |
| 285° | Xiaohan | 5 – 6 January |
| 300° | Dahan | 20–21 January |
Lidong signifies the beginning of winter in East Asian cultures.
Pentads
- 水始冰, 'Water begins to freeze' – the initial stages of water bodies freezing over.
- 地始凍, 'The earth begins to harden'
- 雉入大水為蜃, 'Pheasants enter the water for clams'
Date and time
| year | begin | end |
|---|---|---|
| 辛巳 | 2001-11-07 08:36 | 2001-11-22 06:00 |
| 壬午 | 2002-11-07 14:21 | 2002-11-22 11:53 |
| 癸未 | 2003-11-07 20:13 | 2003-11-22 17:43 |
| 甲申 | 2004-11-07 01:58 | 2004-11-21 23:21 |
| 乙酉 | 2005-11-07 07:42 | 2005-11-22 05:14 |
| 丙戌 | 2006-11-07 13:34 | 2006-11-22 11:01 |
| 丁亥 | 2007-11-07 19:24 | 2007-11-22 16:49 |
| 戊子 | 2008-11-07 01:10 | 2008-11-21 22:44 |
| 己丑 | 2009-11-07 06:56 | 2009-11-22 04:22 |
| 庚寅 | 2010-11-07 12:42 | 2010-11-22 10:14 |
| 辛卯 | 2011-11-07 18:34 | 2011-11-22 16:07 |
| 壬辰 | 2012-11-07 00:25 | 2012-11-21 21:50 |
| 癸巳 | 2013-11-07 06:13 | 2013-11-22 03:48 |
| 甲午 | 2014-11-07 12:06 | 2014-11-22 09:38 |
| Source: JPL Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System | ||
| Preceded by Shuangjiang (霜降) |
Solar term (節氣) | Succeeded by Xiaoxue (小雪) |
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