Leslie C. Arends

Leslie Cornelius Arends (September 27, 1895 – July 17, 1985) was a Republican politician from Illinois who served in the United States House of Representatives from 1935 until 1974.

Leslie C. Arends
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Illinois
In office January 3, 1935 – December 31, 1974
Preceded by	Frank Gillespie
Succeeded by	Tim Lee Hall
Constituency	17th district (1935–73) 15th district (1973–74)
House Republican Whip
In office May 13, 1943 – December 31, 1974
Leader	Joseph W. Martin Charles Halleck Gerald Ford John J. Rhodes
Preceded by	Harry L. Englebright
Succeeded by	Robert Michel
Personal details
Born	Leslie Cornelius Arends (1895-09-27)September 27, 1895 Melvin, Illinois, U.S.
Died	July 17, 1985(1985-07-17) (aged 89) Naples, Florida, U.S.
Political party	Republican
Spouse(s)	Betty Tychon
Children	1
Profession	Farmer Banker

A native and lifelong resident of Melvin, Illinois, Arends attended Oberlin College and served in the United States Navy during World War I. He was involved in farming and banking; in addition to renting out several farms he owned, he eventually became president of the local bank that his father had started.

A Republican, he was elected to the U.S. House in 1934. He served from 1935 until resigning on December 31, 1974. From 1943 until his retirement, Arends served as the Republican Whip, holding the post during periods of Republican majority (1947-1949, 1953-1955) and minority (1943-1947, 1949-1953, 1955-1974). In addition, Arends rose by seniority to become the ranking minority member of the House Armed Services Committee.

A party loyalist, Arends opposed much government spending, and provided strong support to the party's presidential candidates. He remained loyal to Richard M. Nixon during the Watergate scandal, and indicated that he would not vote to impeach Nixon.

After resigning from the House, Arends served on the President's Intelligence Advisory Board, and lived in retirement in Melvin, Washington, DC, and Naples, Florida. He died in Naples, and was buried in Melvin.

Early life

Born in Melvin, Illinois on September 27, 1895,[1] Arends was the youngest of 10 children (seven of whom lived to adulthood) born to George Teis Arends and Talea (née Weiss) Arends.[2] His father was born in Peoria to parents who were both natives of Germany; his mother was born in Hanover, Germany.[3]

Arends attended the local schools and from 1912 to 1913 was a student at Oberlin College in Ohio.[1] He served in the United States Navy during World War I,[1] and after his discharge he acquired and rented out several farms, and became active in banking.[4] He eventually became president of the Commercial State Bank in Melvin, which had been founded by his father.[1][4] He was a member of the Ford County Farm Bureau,[2] and a member of the board of trustees of Illinois Wesleyan University, which awarded him the honorary degree of LL.D. in 1962.[5][6]

Congressional career

In 1934, Arends was elected as a Republican to the 74th Congress.[1] He was reelected nineteen times, and served from January 3, 1935 until resigning on December 31, 1974, a few days before the end of his final term.[7] He alternately served as majority whip and minority whip for House Republicans from 1943 to 1974,[1] and was the longest-serving whip in U.S. House of Representatives history.[1] He rose through seniority to become the ranking Republican on the House Armed Services Committee,[4] where one of his pet projects was preventing the closure of Chanute Air Force Base in Illinois; it remained open until 1993.[4]

Arends represented a heavily Republican, largely rural downstate Illinois district. A conservative but pragmatic Republican, he opposed much of the New Deal and remained a staunch isolationist until the American entry into World War II.[1] After becoming minority whip in 1943, Arends helped create the powerful Conservative Coalition of Republicans and Southern Democrats that controlled the domestic agenda from 1937 to 1964.[8] He was reelected as whip amid Republican in-fighting following their large Congressional losses in the 1964 elections;[5] after their setback, House Republicans replaced leader Charles Halleck with Gerald Ford.[5] Ford backed Peter Frelinghuysen Jr. for Whip.[5] Arends had usually been reelected Whip without opposition, and despite a strong challenge from Frelinghuysen, Arends relied on the personal relationships forged over 30 years to provide the votes that enabled him to retain the post.[5]

He supported Robert A. Taft over Dwight D. Eisenhower for the 1952 Republican presidential nomination,[9] and was an early supporter of the party's nominees Richard M. Nixon and Barry Goldwater in the campaigns of the 1960s.[10][11][12] He organized the GOP opposition to Lyndon B. Johnson's Great Society.[13] Arends voted in favor of the Civil Rights Acts of 1957,[14] 1964,[15] and 1968,[16] and the Voting Rights Act of 1965,[17] while Arends did not vote on the Civil Rights Act of 1960 and voted present on the 24th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.[18][19] During the Watergate scandal, Arends provided unwavering loyalty to President Richard M. Nixon, and stated that he would not vote for impeachment, citing his strong personal friendship with Nixon and belief that Nixon had performed capably as president.[20] Despite the Whip challenge following the 1966 elections, Nixon's successor Gerald Ford and Arends maintained a close personal friendship, ensuring Arends a good relationship with the White House after Nixon's resignation.[21]

Post-Congressional career

After leaving Congress, Arends served on the President's Intelligence Advisory Board,[4] and spent time at homes in Melvin, Naples, Florida, and Washington, DC.[1]

Legacy

Arends' papers are part of the collections of Illinois Wesleyan University, and the university library's special collections room was named for him.[6]

Death and burial

Arends died in Naples on July 17, 1985,[1] and was buried at Melvin Cemetery in Melvin. He was survived by his wife Betty (Tychon) and daughter Leslie ("Letty").[1]

References

1. "Leslie C. Arends, 89, Dies".
2. Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society, p. 106.
3. Alumni Record of the University of Illinois, p. 514.
4. "Leslie Arends, 40-Year House Member, Dies".
5. "Arends: Vote-Finder for Republicans in the House", p. 16.
6. "Founders' Day Sees 2 Renamings", p. 5.
7. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 1774-2005, p. 452.
8. Historical Dictionary of the U.S. Congress, pp. 19–20.
9. "Illinois GOP leaders Set to Back Ike", p. 1.
10. "Nixon to Attend Melvin Celebration", p. 5.
11. "Arends Lashes Out Against Johnson", p. 2.
12. "Arends On Committee Informing Nixon On Issues", p. 7.
13. "G.O.P. Girds for New War on U.S. Spending", p. 61.
14. "HR 6127. CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1957". GovTrack.us.
15. "H.R. 7152. PASSAGE".
16. "TO PASS H.R. 2516, A BILL TO ESTABLISH PENALTIES FOR INTERFERENCE WITH CIVIL RIGHTS. INTERFERENCE WITH A PERSON ENGAGED IN ONE OF THE 8 ACTIVITIES PROTECTED UNDER THIS BILL MUST BE RACIALLY MOTIVATED TO INCUR THE BILL'S PENALTIES".
17. "TO PASS H.R. 6400, THE 1965 VOTING RIGHTS ACT".
18. "HR 8601. PASSAGE".
19. "S.J. RES. 29. CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT TO BAN THE USE OF POLL TAX AS A REQUIREMENT FOR VOTING IN FEDERAL ELECTIONS". GovTrack.us.
20. "House Whip Arends Won't Support Impeachment Vote", p. 15.
21. "Remarks at Ceremonies Honoring Representative Leslie C. Arends in Melvin, Illinois".

Sources

Newspapers

• Lane, Russell (July 12, 1952). "Illinois GOP leaders Set to Back Ike". Decatur Daily Review. Decatur, IL. Associated Press.
• "Nixon to Attend Melvin Celebration". The Pantagraph. Bloomington, IL. May 5, 1960.
• "Arends Lashes Out Against Johnson as 'Wheeler Dealer': 'Unqualified' Support for Barry". The Pantagraph. Bloomington, IL. October 9, 1964.
• McNeil, Marshall (December 1, 1965). "Guns-Vs.-Butter Issue:G.O.P. Girds for New War on U.S. Spending". Pittsburgh Press. Pittsburgh, PA. Scripps-Howard.
• Beckman, Aldo (October 29, 1967). "Arends: Vote-Finder for Republicans in the House". Chicago Tribune. Chicago, IL.
• "Arends On Committee Informing Nixon On Issues". Freeport Journal-Standard. Freeport, IL. Associated Press. July 20, 1968.
• "House Whip Arends Won't Support Impeachment Vote". Southern Illinoisan. Carbondale, IL. Associated Press. August 8, 1974.
• Spencer, Sandy (February 20, 1975). "Founders' Day Sees 2 Renamings". The Pantagraph. Bloomington, IL.
• Pearson, Richard (July 17, 1985). "Leslie C. Arends, 89, Dies". Washington Post. Washington, DC.
• Cook, Joan (July 17, 1985). "Leslie Arends, 40-Year House Member, Dies". New York Times. New York, NY.

Books

• Illinois State Historical Society (1991). Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society. 84-85. Springfield, IL: ISHS.
• Schraufnagel, Scot (2011). Historical Dictionary of the U.S. Congress. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7196-0.
• United States Congress (2005). Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 1774-2005. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office. ISBN 9780160731761.
• University of Illinois (1913). Alumni Record of the University of Illinois. Champaign, IL: University of Illinois Press. p. 514.

Internet

• Ford, Gerald R. (October 24, 1974). "Remarks at Ceremonies Honoring Representative Leslie C. Arends in Melvin, Illinois". The American Presidency Project: Gerald Ford. Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley. Retrieved September 6, 2017.

Further reading

• Lichtenstein, Nelson et al. Political Profiles. Volume 3, "The Kennedy Years." pg 14. New York: Facts On File, Inc, 1976.
• Schapsmeier, Edward L. and Frederick H. Schapsmeier, "Serving under Seven Presidents: Les Arends and His Forty Years in Congress." Illinois Historical Journal 1992 85(2): 105-118. ISSN 0748-8149

External links

• Leslie C. Arends at Find a Grave

• United States Congress. "Leslie C. Arends (id: A000216)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.

U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by J. Frank Gillespie	Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Illinois's 17th congressional district January 3, 1935 – January 3, 1973	Succeeded by George M. O'Brien
Preceded by Cliffard D. Carlson	Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Illinois's 15th congressional district January 3, 1973 – December 31, 1974	Succeeded by Tim Lee Hall
Party political offices
Preceded by Harry L. Englebright	Republican Whip of the U.S. House of Representatives May 13, 1943 – December 31, 1974	Succeeded by Bob Michel
Preceded by Harry L. Englebright	Minority Whip of the U.S. House of Representatives May 13, 1943 – January 3, 1947	Succeeded by John W. McCormack
Preceded by John Sparkman	Majority Whip of the U.S. House of Representatives January 3, 1947 – January 3, 1949	Succeeded by Percy Priest
Preceded by John W. McCormack	Minority Whip of the U.S. House of Representatives January 3, 1949 – January 3, 1953	Succeeded by John W. McCormack
Preceded by Percy Priest	Majority Whip of the U.S. House of Representatives January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1955	Succeeded by Carl Albert
Preceded by John W. McCormack	Minority Whip of the U.S. House of Representatives January 3, 1955 – December 31, 1974	Succeeded by Robert H. Michel