Lee Marrs

Lee Marrs (born September 5,[1] 1945)[2] is an American cartoonist and animator, and one of the first female underground comix creators. She is best known for her comic book series The Further Fattening Adventures of Pudge, Girl Blimp, which lasted from 1973 to 1977.

Lee Marrs
Marrs at the 1982 San Diego Comic Con (today called Comic-Con International).
Born (1945-09-05) September 5, 1945
NationalityAmerican
Area(s)Cartoonist, Writer
Notable works
The Further Fattening Adventures of Pudge, Girl Blimp
http://www.LeeMarrs.com

Work

Early Career

Lee Marrs attended American University and graduated in 1967 with a degree in fine arts.[3] During her time at American University, Marrs was introduced to comic strip artist Tex Blaisell by his daughter, whom she went to school with.[4] Marrs then began assisting Blaisell, working on comics such as Little Orphan Annie, Prince Valiant, and Hi and Lois. [4] At the same time, Marrs also worked for CBS News in Washington DC at WTOP, where she created artwork for the station and also drew live editorial cartoons on Saturday nights. [4] In the late 1960s, Marrs moved to San Francisco, where she helped found Alternative Features Service, a news service that supplied college and underground newspapers with feature stories.[4] Through the Alternative Features Service, Marrs met Trina Robbins, who would introduce her to the underground comix movement.[4]

Underground Comics

Marrs was a frequent contributor to underground comics and one of the "founding mommies" of the Wimmen’s Comix collective. In the first issue of Wimmen's Comix (1972), Lee Marrs' "All in a Day's Work" epitomizes how a woman's only leverage in a male-dominated society is to utilize her body to negotiate politics. Marr's comic emphasizes the idea that equality for all women is equality not only of entrance but equality of execution. The last section of Marr's comic 'positions the naked female body as a panel divider, viscerally connects the female body to the comics form. [5]

She provided stories for Wet Satin, Manhunt, El Perfecto, and Gates of Heaven. Her parodies often substituted lesbians in place of heterosexual figures, as in feature strips in the long-running Gay Comix.

As one of Mike Friedrich’s Star*Reach regulars, she expanded her writing and art style to include serious fantasy fiction in Stark's Quest (1977-79), a study of ESP, politics, and social engineering. From this body of work, "Waters of Requital" (1977) is especially powerful. She created short futuristic graphic tales for Heavy Metal magazine, Epic Illustrated, and Imagine magazine.

The Further Fattening Adventures of Pudge, Girl Blimp

The Further Fattening Adventures of Pudge, Girl Blimp is a three part comic book series about an overweight seventeen-year-old girl named Pudge who hitchhikes to San Francisco at the height of the counterculture movement with the goal of losing her virginity. The series addresses themes of feminism, sexual orientation, racial diversity, and body positivity.[6] The first issue of Pudge, Girl Blimp was published by Last Gasp Eco Funnies in 1973, while the final two issues were published by Star*Reach in 1975 and 1977.[7] In 2016, Marrs published a complete edition of Pudge, Girl Blimp which was nominated for an Eisner Award in 2017.[8]

Mainstream Comics

Marrs was one of few underground cartoonists to also work for mainstream comics publishers. She was introduced to DC Comics editor Joe Orlando by Tex Blaisdell. After working on DC’s Plop!, Weird Mystery Tales, and House of Secrets, she created "Crazy Lady" (1975), a series about growing up female, for Marvel Comics’ Crazy magazine. Much of her mainstream comics work was as a writer, including Wonder Woman Annual 1989, Viking Glory: the Viking Prince (1991), and Zatanna: Come Together (1993).

She wrote Dark Horse Comics' series Indiana Jones and the Arms of Gold (1994) and Indiana Jones and the Iron Phoenix (1995), both of which were drawn by Leo Duranona.

For Blackthorne Publishing in 1986, she created Pre-Teen Dirty-Gene Kung Fu Kangaroos, a 3-issue series parodying the then-new Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles and American Flagg! comics.[9]

Animation

Lee Marrs runs Lee Marrs Artwork, a digital design and animation company. She worked in 2D digital animation in the early 1980s. Her clients have included Disney/ABC, Apple Computer, IBM, Time Warner Inc., Children's Television Workshop, Nickelodeon, Electronic Arts, and MTV.

Lee Marrs's influence on Feminism, Queer Theory & Visual Culture in the 80s.

Lee Marrs's comics explore how women participated in the feminist wave while they were understanding and exploring their queer sexuality. In the era when the Equal Rights Amendment had come to the forefront, feminists believed that women as human beings were denied the chance to develop their fullest human potential. Marrs produced the four-page “Equal Rites” for Wimmen’s Comix #8, where female protagonists live in a futuristic world where standards are mono-gendered, and the implementation of the ERA amendment has blossomed. The glass ceiling for feminist stereotypes has been shattered.[5]

Prejudice from leaders of the feminist movement

In a media interview, Marrs explained how feminists critique female comic authors who think outside the box.

"But we got totally rejected by the women's movement, for the most part. Not just that Ms. magazine wouldn't run us, but bookstores across the country wouldn't carry us, because we did not have a heavy, traditional, feminist political line" (1979, 24). Marrs equates these concrete examples with rejection, for they foreclose the ability of the collective to reach a broader feminist audience despite their varied attempts to participate. Her quotation also foregrounds their comics as something done differently from the feminist norm in their content, even though Marrs also equates their comics with the "work[ing] through" that happened in consciousness-raising group. "[10]

The comic is an interdisciplinary crossover between queer identity and a cheeky parody of gothic melodrama.

Awards

Marrs is also an Emmy-Award-winning animation director for a film centered on the Baltimore riots in 1968. [11]

Marrs was awarded the Comic-Con International Inkpot Award in 1982.[12]

gollark: cyber is muted.
gollark: cyber is muted.
gollark: You ARE muted. This IS "ban" evasion.
gollark: I can delete their messages to ensure proper muting.
gollark: OH BEE OH APIOFORMS

See also

Further reading
  • "Pudge, Girl Blimp" in The Spectacular Sisterhood of Superwomen: Awesome Female Characters from Comic Book History by Hope Nicholson, Quirk Books (2017)

References
  1. Miller, John Jackson (June 10, 2005). "Comics Industry Birthdays". Comics Buyer's Guide. Archived from the original on October 30, 2010. Retrieved December 12, 2010.
  2. Marrs entry, in "Marriage à la Mode" to "Marrying Kind," Michigan State University Libraries, Special Collections Division, Reading Room Index to the Comic Art Collection.
  3. "AU Library Archives / Special Collections: New and Noteworthy » Celebrating AU Alumni: Lee Marrs". blogs.library.american.edu. Retrieved 2018-11-09.
  4. ""Wimmen's Comix" Co-Founder Lee Marrs Reflects On a Storied Career". CBR. 2015-12-21. Retrieved 2018-11-09.
  5. Horowitz, Katie (June 2015). "Are the Lips a Grave? A Queer Feminist on the Ethics of Sex. By Lynne Huffer. New York: Columbia University Press, 2013.The Queer Turn in Feminism: Identities, Sexualities, and the Theater of Gender. By Anne Emmanuelle Berger. New York: Fordham University Press, 2014". Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society. 40 (4): 996–999. doi:10.1086/680406. ISSN 0097-9740.
  6. Galvan, Margaret (Fall–Winter 2015). "Feminism Underground: The Comics Rhetoric of Lee Marrs and Roberta Gregory". Women's Studies Quarterly. 43 (3–4): 203–222. doi:10.1353/wsq.2015.0043.CS1 maint: date format (link)
  7. "The Further Fattening Adventures of Pudge, Girl Blimp at Comixjoint.com". comixjoint.com. Retrieved 2018-11-30.
  8. Estrella, Ernie (2017-05-02). "Fantagraphics and Image Comics lead Eisner Awards nominations". SYFY WIRE. Retrieved 2018-11-30.
  9. Becattini, Alberto (2019). "Super-Animals". American Funny Animal Comics in the 20th Century: Volume Two. Theme Park Press. ISBN 978-1683902218.
  10. Galvan, Margaret (2015). "Feminism Underground: The Comics Rhetoric of Lee Marrs and Roberta Gregory". WSQ: Women's Studies Quarterly. 43 (3–4): 203–222. doi:10.1353/wsq.2015.0043. ISSN 1934-1520.
  11. Seningen, Mike (2010). "Fourth Annual ACISC Cosponsored by SSCS-Central Texas [Chapters". IEEE Solid-State Circuits Magazine. 2 (1): 67–68. doi:10.1109/mssc.2009.935269. ISSN 1943-0582.
  12. "Inkpot Award". Comic-Con International: San Diego. 2012-12-06. Retrieved 2018-11-30.
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